Search results

1

Emotional Functioning of Polish Managers and Employees

100%

Trzebiatowska I. A., Dabrowska-Kaczorek M.

Pieniądze i Więź

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2006

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vol. 9

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issue 4(33)

29-34

EN

According to the recent National Chamber of Economics' research, Polish managers encounter many barriers impairing their activity. They complain on unstable law and tax system, as well as on the labour law incompatible with economic conditions. Many economic actors have stopped their market activity. It is difficult to answer the question what factors are responsible for the failure. In the analyses it is worth-while to concentrate not only on the features of the economic environment but also on the owner's personality. The authoresses in their own research concentrate on the question if the emotional condition of Polish managers differs significantly from the employees' emotional condition.

2

Impact of International Trade on Employment in Polish Industrial Sector

100%

Grotkowska G.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

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2008

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issue 20

26-50

EN

In this article the authoress is trying to address the question of impact of international trade on employment and its skill structure in the Polish secondary sector. After presenting stylized facts concerning changes in employment and wages in the years 1994-2003, she estimates elasticity of employment versus international trade flows. Both direct and indirect effects (impact of trade through changes in labour productivity) are taken into account. The elasticity appears to be positive in the case of exports and negative as far as imports is concerned, but is much higher - as for absolute value - in the case of outflow of goods from Poland. What's more, the sensitivity of employment for international trade appears to be much higher in the case of blue-collar workers than in the case of white-collar workers. Using estimated parameters and relative changes in trade in the analyzed period, the quantitative effects of trade are estimated: in spite of high dynamics of import penetration, higher elasticity of employment versus exports results in positive general effect of trade for employment (about 1.6 million workers as for secondary sector except for mining). It seems therefore that there are different factors that lie behind fall of employment in manufacturing (changes in demand structure, industry structure, technological shocks) and the main effect of trade was a changes of both skill and branch structure of employment.

3

ESTIMATING TREATMENT EFFECTS OF A TRAINING PROGRAMME IN SLOVAKIA USING PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING

80%

Štefánik M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2014

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vol. 62

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issue 6

631 – 645

EN

Submitted article brings evidence from administrative data on registered unemployed in Slovakia. This data is explored to evaluate a training programme which is a part of the portfolio of active labour market measures provided by Slovak governmental bodies. To evaluate the programme, we look at individuals’ chances of getting a job, during the period of 15 months after undertaking the programme. Performance on this indicator is compared between participants and a control group, which is selected ex post using the propensity scores matching approach. The results reveal evidence on negative average treatment effects on the treated, when examined for Slovakia and Bratislava district, where over the half of the trainings is provided. Since the results are contradictory when compared across regions, negative effect of the training measure on employability of participants can be assigned to mistakes in its implementation.

4

Expansion of higher education, 'graduate unemployment' and the market value of a degree

80%

Kertesi G., Kollo J.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2006

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vol. 53

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issue 3

201-225

EN

It is often argued that the expansion of higher education, which has doubled the annual flows of college and university graduates onto the Hungarian labour market, is inevitably conducive to high unemployment among high-skilled youth, and/or a dramatic fall in their returns from higher education. The paper looks at the evolution of the employment, unemployment, and relative wages of graduates from higher education, using data from the Labour Force Survey (1995-2003) and the Wage Survey (1992-2004). The analysis relates to age cohorts across and within occupations, and discusses the possible effects on older and less skilled workers. Young people's returns on higher education increased substantially in 1992-2000, and fell thereafter, especially in the business sector. Workers with a secondary-school background lost jobs and experienced falling relative wages in occupations subject to huge inflows of university graduates. However, the employment ratios were rising and unemployment falling, among university graduates and among less educated workers 'ousted' by them. The results suggest that after a decade of skill upgrading and excess demand for highly skilled youth, the markets are now moving along more or less stable demand curves.

5

REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE LOW WAGES SECTOR IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

80%

Nyklewicz K.

Olsztyn Economic Journal

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2010

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vol. 5

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issue 2

242-257

EN

The share of low wage employment in the Federal Republic of Germany has increased significantly during the recent years. Because of considerable disproportions in the size of wages between the western and the eastern Lands it was necessary to introduce two different thresholds of low wages. The conducted studies show that the size of the low wages sector depends on its assumed definition and on the groups of employees included in the study. Its regional differentiation is influenced by numerous factors that are both the consequence of historical happenings and the result of the contemporary transformations taking place within the borders of the united German State.

6

SOCIAL JETLAG IN THE CONTEXT OF WORK AND FAMILY

80%

Kudrnáčová M., Hamplová D.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2022

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vol. 54

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issue 4

295 – 324

EN

By definition, social jetlag – a misalignment between the social and biological time – is closely linked to social obligations that conflict with the individual’s chronotype. It is a widespread phenomenon and is linked to various negative health, cognitive, and psychological outcomes. Although there are studies on social jetlag, they are mostly dominated by biomedical approaches. Therefore, the presented study aims to explore the link between social jetlag and work and family status from an original social perspective. The study explores the link between the magnitude of social jetlag and factors related to the type of occupation and selected family obligations using a representative Czech sample. Using the 4th wave of the Czech Household Panel Survey (CHPS), secondary data analysis in Stata 16 was performed. A sample of 1,441 employed and self-employed respondents was included in the analysis. The multilevel mixed-effect modelling was used to control for members of the same household. Model fit was evaluated by likelihood ratio test and BIC. Self-employed individuals are less likely to experience social jetlag than employees. Professional classes are least likely to suffer from social jetlag. Lower occupational classes experience more severe social jetlag, but its severity is moderated by self-employment. If self-employed, the routine manual and nonmanual workers do not experience significantly larger social jetlag than professionals. In contrast to occupation, we found no evidence that family status, such as co-residential partnership, contributes to the severity of social jetlag. Working parents of small children experience lower social jetlag than childless individuals. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that social jetlag is more closely linked to the type of work than to the family status.

7

ATYPICAL FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT IN SMES: CASE STUDY OF NITRA REGION

80%

Korcsmáros E.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2021

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vol. 69

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issue 5

534 – 556

EN

The basic objective of the research was to map the employment forms made use of in the small and medium enterprises operating in the Nitra region, with an emphasis on so called atypical employment forms which provides new possibilities for small and medium-sized enterprises; they introduce the possibility to reduce social contribution costs. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 513 randomly selected and addressed SMEs and 320 fully completed questionnaire forms served as the basis for a data analysis. The data collection was carried out in the first half of the year 2017. The atypical employment forms are applied not only in enterprises operating in the agricultural sector but also in other economy sectors. Micro enterprises use atypical employment patterns mainly when it comes to their active workforce, which fact is not surprising when considering the general characteristics of the enterprises included in this group.

8

The employment of the Roma at the end of the 20th century

80%

Kertesi G.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

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2005

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vol. 15

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issue 2

57-87

EN

The paper is based on individual data of the 1993 and 2003 representative Roma surveys as well as for national controls on the individual files of the 1992-2003 national labor force surveys. A detailed account is given on the relative employment chances and the stability of employment of the Roma by the end of the 20th century. The important role of the public work programs is emphasized in maintaining the instability of the Roma employment.

9

SIMULOVANÝ PRÁVNY ÚKON AKO ACTUS CONTRA LEGEM V PRACOVNOM PRÁVE

80%

Frťalová A.

Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

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2014

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vol. 97

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issue 6

570 – 583

EN

The author analyzes the simulation and dissimulation, the effects of these two factors and the possibility of substitution with other labour law tasks. In the introduction the author presents historical origin of the employment contract and follows the legal concept of dependent work. In the interpretation of the essential characteristics of dependent work examines the distinction between essential characteristics of dependent work and its consequences. Subsequently author analyzes the simulation of legal acts and its legal consequences depending on the type of simulation as unilateral and mutlilateral simulation. It is explained the process of dissimulation and the particular conditions under which the act is recognized as valid. Finally the author proposes improvements of employment legislation.

10

The employment consequences of the 2001 rise in the minimum wage

80%

Kertesi G., Kollo J.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2004

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vol. 51

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issue 4

293-324

EN

The Hungarian government increased the minimum wage from HUF 25,500 to HUF 40,000 in January 2001. One year later, the wage floor rose further to HUF 50,000. The paper looks at the short-run impact of the first hike on small-firm employment and flows between employment and unemployment. It finds that the hike significantly increased labour costs and reduced employment in the small-firm sector and adversely affected the job-retention and job-finding chances for low-wage workers. While the conditions for a positive employment effect were mostly met in depressed regions, the spatial inequalities were amplified, rather than reduced by the measure.

11

THE IMPACT OF LABOR TAXATION ON JOB CREATION AND UNEPLOYMENT

80%

Kosi T., Bojnec Š.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2006

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vol. 54

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issue 7

652-667

EN

This paper investigates the relationship between labor taxation and labor market performance in the European Union (EU), with the special attention to the new EU member states. The impact of the labor tax wedge on employment/unemployment rates and their growth are analyzed. We employ ordinary least square (OLS) regression framework, which confirms very weak positive association between the labor taxes and the unemployment rate in the EU. The panel regression framework confirms statistically significant negative association between tax wedge on the labor costs and employment growth in the EU as a whole, though the correlation coefficient is rather small to make the conclusions. The negative impact of the labor taxation on the employment growth tends to be larger in the eight EU transition countries than in the rest of the EU.

12

ZHODNOTENIE VÝVOJA TRHU PRÁCE NA SLOVENSKU V ROKU 2005 A JEHO KRÁTKODOBÝ VÝHĽAD

80%

Morvay K.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2006

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vol. 54

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issue 5

457-467

EN

In the previous years, the development of the macroeconomic parameters was favourable, except the labour market. The trends in an unemployment rate, as well as a development of the real wages seemed not to be in the accord with the high economic growth. In 2005, the development on the labour market was different, and more favourable than in the previous the other kinds of imbalance - higher growth of the real wages compared with lower growth of a productivity. This article explains changes in the development trends in the year 2005, makes statements to some discussed topics (risks of imbalance between wage growth and productivity growth or the scope of tax wedge) and indicates the possible development projections in the years 2006 and 2007.

13

THE IMPACT OF MANUFACTURING BRANCHES ON REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

80%

Gašparíková J., Nemcová E., Pálenik M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2006

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vol. 54

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issue 3

266-280

EN

The main aim of the paper is to map regional employment differentiation in Slovak Republic according to the high-tech and low-tech manufacturing sectors. To achieve this aim the authors worked with recent statistical regional data. They concentrated on a question if there exists a substantial relation between the location of the high-tech manufacturing and the employment growth in the selected regions. According to their survey, the high-tech sector did not prove a very strong impact on the total employment. However, considering the changing structure of manufacturing in the future it will represent one of the most decisive issues of the competitive growth.

14

CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT IN POLAND AND ABROAD AMONG THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE OPOLSKIE VOIVODESHIP IN 2008 AND 2010 (Zmiany w zakresie zatrudnienia w kraju i zagranica mieszkancow obszarow wiejskich wojewodztwa opolskiego w latach 2008-2010)

80%

Jonczy R., Rokita-Poskart D.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2011

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issue 4(26)

23-29

EN

The existence of considerable gaps in knowledge on employment and international migration, as well as the effects and determinants of the phenomena, became the primary reason for conducting the research on international migration in the Opolskie voivodeship. Apart from the important information about the state of employment, the key issue seemed to be changes in migration that was observed during the recent period in the Opolskie voievodeship. The changes which have occurred due to the macroeconomic situation, such as the economic crisis in Europe and changes in the labor market, determine the profitability of a job abroad. The article presents the results of the research that indicated some positive trends in employment in the country and abroad in the period 2008-2010. Firstly, it shows a significant drop on the scale of emigration in the past two years and a contemporary increase in employment in the country of the Opolskie voivodeships' inhabitants. On the other hand, the research shows a decrease in the number of people who are economically inactive. Changes in employment were not similar in the various population groups - the most pronounced differences in the change in employment abroad have been associated with the groups of citizenship.

15

ANALÝZA VÝVOJA AUTOMOBILOVÉHO PRIEMYSLU NA SLOVENSKU

80%

Nemcová E.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2005

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vol. 53

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issue 10

1009-1022

EN

In recent years the largest and most important manufacturing sector in Slovak Republic has been the transport equipment industry. Its share is expected to grow in the next years too above all due to an expanding automotive industry as well. This industrial branch has been the engine of positive changes and has contributed to improved performance of supplier branches as well. At the same time there are several risks resulting from this excessive dependency of Slovak economy from one dominating sector. The main objective of the submitted article, is to provide an analysis of the development of Slovak automotive industry during recent years.

16

Casual labour market on Moszkva ter - narrowing immutability between 1995 and 2004.

80%

Sik E.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2006

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vol. 53

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issue 3

253-270

EN

A casual labour market is an open-air market in casual, unskilled work for day labourers. The casual labour market in Budapest's Moszkva ter, despite major differences, resembles in many ways those in other big cities (Tokyo, New York and Los Angeles), for instance in the dominance of heavy manual, mainly casual construction work, the illegality, and the dominance of men in poor social conditions. Altogether 84 'nonparticipant' observations were made in two observation periods, 1995 and 2004. These were representative in terms of day, season and time of day. Immutability in the supply and demand on the Moszkva ter casual labour market can be shown in the decisive elements of the casual labour market as an institution: the structure of labour supply (young, commuting or migrant young men of low education accounted for the bulk of the employed throughout) and the transaction mechanism (public, tolerant police control, group bargains). Change can be seen in the frequency of the transactions: the market shrank, but the supply (the number of employees) fell less than the demand (the number of offers), so that chance of obtaining work declined and pay fell. So the casual labour market offers to the labour market participants most heavily discriminated against the kind of black market work opportunities that are ever more poorly paid and uncertain and do not lead to regular employment.

17

Employment and educational attainment in Hungary.

80%

Kertesi G., Varga J.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2005

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vol. 52

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issue 7/8

633-662

EN

The study looks at reasons behind the low employment level in Hungary that have to do with educational attainment. The starting point is an international comparison of the educational attainment structure of the population. The comparison is impeded by uncertainties about how to classify certain levels in the Hungarian school system. There are strong substantive reasons for saying that a qualification from a skilled worker or vocational school should be placed in a category lower than the upper secondary level. If that classification is applied, the educational attainment of Hungary's population in 2001 fell significantly short of the average for the EU countries, despite the large scale expansion of education in the 1990s. The still high proportion of ill educated can be attributed mainly to a break in the mid-1980s in a long term trend: the proportion of each cohort attaining a very low level of schooling had been falling steadily since the beginning of the 1970s. The expansion of schooling stopped short at the poor strata. Most of the shortfall in employment derives from the problems with employing labour with low educational attainment: there are too many of them compared with the EU average and they are less employable. Finally, the study draws on earlier evidence and some new arguments to dispel concerns that the excessive education is being provided in Hungary in secondary schools offering a school-leaving certificate and in higher education.

18

Umowa o zatrudnienie

80%

Jończyk J.

Praca i Zabezpieczenie Społeczne

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2012

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issue 2

2-7

EN

The traditional contract of employment is based on worker’s subordination matched by statutory individual and collective employees’ protection and in practice opposed by growing „flexibility” of employment. It follows that probably a new concept of employment is preferable as defined in two ways, namely by the „cause of employment” (related also to social security through wage contribution and tax), as well as by distinguishing particular contracts of employment to meet specific work and wage conditions. The emphasis put on the law of contract of employment, on its private aspect depends on the redefinition of two other relatively separate parts of labour law: work protection (hours, safety etc.) and collective labour law.

19

Czynniki wpływające na bezpieczeństwo zatrudnienia z perspektywy kobiet

80%

Zieliński G., Szymańska-Brałkowska M.

Zarządzanie i Finanse

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2012

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vol. 4

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issue 1

69-80

EN

The paper presents the main factors that have an effect on employment safety for women. Interviewed women from Pomorskie Voivodeship indicate job stability as one of the most important factors that is understood as a stability of work-place and company’s stability on the market. The results presented in the paper show that job qualifications give female employees the highest satisfaction, while the lowest score among women has internal communication in the company.

20

ŠTRUKTÚRNA ADAPTÁCIA ZAMESTNANOSTI NA RECESIU A JEJ PREKONÁVANIE V SLOVENSKEJ EKONOMIKE

80%

Morvay K.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2012

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vol. 60

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issue 2

130 – 145

EN

Effects of recession on the structure of employment have been different in each phase of recession (and revival after the recession). It seems likely correct the assumption of our earlier analysis that in the initial phase of the recession was already noticeable structural changes in employment, but they were far from its final form. In later stages, the shape and intensity of structural changes has changed significantly. Recession strengthened the position of highest-educated workers, penalizing the segment of youngest workers, in their early stage have necessitated further expansion of self-employment to the prejudice of dependent work. Recession in some cases reinforced the structural changes in employment, which were already present even before the recession (expansion of self-employment, share increase of the tertiary educated employed persons), in other cases, the recession has brought new structural changes (increase in the proportion of part-time work). Seem to be more important the cases, when the recession reinforced the structural changes that were in milder form present even before the recession. The recession has added new momentum to them.

Refine search results

Emotional Functioning of Polish Managers and Employees

Impact of International Trade on Employment in Polish Industrial Sector

ESTIMATING TREATMENT EFFECTS OF A TRAINING PROGRAMME IN SLOVAKIA USING PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING

Expansion of higher education, 'graduate unemployment' and the market value of a degree

REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE LOW WAGES SECTOR IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

SOCIAL JETLAG IN THE CONTEXT OF WORK AND FAMILY

ATYPICAL FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT IN SMES: CASE STUDY OF NITRA REGION

The employment of the Roma at the end of the 20th century

SIMULOVANÝ PRÁVNY ÚKON AKO ACTUS CONTRA LEGEM V PRACOVNOM PRÁVE

The employment consequences of the 2001 rise in the minimum wage

THE IMPACT OF LABOR TAXATION ON JOB CREATION AND UNEPLOYMENT

ZHODNOTENIE VÝVOJA TRHU PRÁCE NA SLOVENSKU V ROKU 2005 A JEHO KRÁTKODOBÝ VÝHĽAD

THE IMPACT OF MANUFACTURING BRANCHES ON REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT IN POLAND AND ABROAD AMONG THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE OPOLSKIE VOIVODESHIP IN 2008 AND 2010 (Zmiany w zakresie zatrudnienia w kraju i zagranica mieszkancow obszarow wiejskich wojewodztwa opolskiego w latach 2008-2010)

ANALÝZA VÝVOJA AUTOMOBILOVÉHO PRIEMYSLU NA SLOVENSKU

Casual labour market on Moszkva ter - narrowing immutability between 1995 and 2004.

Employment and educational attainment in Hungary.