Search results - CEJSH

1

K diskusi o paměti v českém kontextu "druhého života":

100%

Olšáková D.

Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)

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2004

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vol. 1

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issue 2

269-280

EN

The French debate on memory has its roots mainly in the work of Maurice Halbwachs (Les cadres sociaux de la memoire, 1925,). Halbwachs’ basic theory is that memory does not exist in itself, but is always defined by what are known as “social frameworks”. The latter are not status elements of memory but are formed by the priorities of society. Another reason for the non-existence of memory “in itself” is the form of communication (speech). In this respect Halbswachs’ theory is confirmed by the analyses of Roland Barthes, in particular. Halbswachs’ ideas have inspired two main historical movements today, both of them related chiefly to what are known as commemorative festivals. Eric Hobsbawm is concerned above all with the problem ofthe conscious formation of social and historical memory through these acts, while Paul Connerton, a represent of historical research ofthis kind after the “linguistic” turning point, concentrates mainly on internal symbolism and the structure of the event. In Czech conditions the concept of the “second life”, with which the question of social and historical memory is very tightly connected, has been the focus of scholarly treatment since the 1970s, but under the influence ofthe current situation it has taken a different direction to this kind of research in France or (taking the French as model) in Germany.

2

Podnikatelé českých zemí. Pokus o historiografickou bilanci

80%

Kubů E., Popelka P., Štolleová B.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2017

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vol. 115

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issue 3

731-755

EN

Subsequent to the 1989 revolution, the scope of historical research expanded such that researchers’ focus was transferred to topics which had been of peripheral concern in previous decades because they were ideologically unsuitable. A natural departure from the preferred history of the workers movement towards research of social elites took place, a trend that was marked in Czech historiography for at least two decades. The study of modern businesses and entrepreneurship was no different, with a consistent rise seen in the study of this field of research from the early 1990s. As in many other fields of historical investigation, domestic research had to confront the thorough methodology and rich ideas of modern business history, which has been a fully established research field for many decades. Looking back retrospectively, despite all its limits, research in this historiographical segment had many years of tradition and current research builds on this tradition. There are now an almost inexhaustible number of studies on various issues related to the development of industrial production in the Czech lands during the industrialisation period. Over the past few decades, it has mainly been studied on individual entrepreneurs or entrepreneurial families which have been published on the history of entrepreneurs. There are significantly fewer papers on entrepreneurial groups defined by sector or region, and we have only vague notions of entrepreneurship as a social group.

3

Jak Čechům vyprávět čínský příběh: recenze na nové Dějiny ČLR

80%

Lomová O.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2020

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vol. 118

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issue 2

433-446

EN

The article provides critical review of the new general history of the People´s Republic of China recently published in Prague. It focuses on methodological naiveté of the authors who claim to bring new perspective on recent Chinese history, while they neglect recent scholarship, and indiscriminately use standard academic publication side by side with official party sanctioned histories, or former Soviet histories from the time of Sino-Soviet split, without considering a possible politically and ideologically motivated bias. The review also observes avoidance of crucial topics, such as the institutions of the Communist party, the disciplinary role of the re-education campaigns in early PRC, or the centrality of demands for political reform at certain points in PRC history. Insufficient precision in presentation of some basic historical facts makes the book under review not only methodologically immature and tendentious, but also unreliable as a source of data. It is surprising how such a poorly written book could receive support from a prestigious research grant and pass the scrutiny of the reviewers.

4

Repatriace polských a československých občanů po druhé světové válce v polské a české historiografii

80%

Friedl J.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2018

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vol. 116

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issue 2

426-446

EN

The repatriation of the so-called displaced persons after World War II represented a serious problem, with which the states of the anti-Hitler coalition in Europe had to deal. Due to the war events millions of inhabitants found themselves absent from home. This article strives to present and characterize the approaches of Polish and Czech historiographies to the study of these issues. It follows the developing interest in the research of the repatriation of Polish and Czech citizens in both historiographies. It is likely that the post-war repatriation of Poles because of its magnitude and also the contradictions accompanying it, makes this migration relatively deeply rooted in Polish historical thinking. Consequently, the interest in the study of repatriation appears as early as the 1960s and nowadays encompasses dozens of publications and magazine articles. Contrary to that Czech historiography has until now devoted little attention to the issue od the repatriation of Czech citizens. It, however, seems that this tendency finally takes its turn and Czech historians are paying more attention to this topic.

5

Národní kategorie a současná historiografie:

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Řezník M.

Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)

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2006

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vol. 3

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issue 1

7-34

EN

This article is concerned with the social and cultural conditions underlying the continuing important role of concepts ofnational history. This continuing viability means that concepts that are ever more strikingly emerging as an altemative to national histories are actually failing to challenge them and often in fact derive from national categories (regional history as the history ofregions within nations and so on). The basic circumstances underlying the demand for national histories continue to be considered problematised, but the importance ofnational identities for European societies remains one ofthe decisive factors here. In regard to national histories, therefore, the situation offers historiography an extensive hut at the same time very problematic opportunity for the legitimisation of the discipline. The article is focused on European trends specifically since the end ofthe 1980s with particular attention to Czech historiography. In this context it then touches on several important discussions and disputes in Czech historiography over the last 15 years.

6

"Předsudky o standardech vědeckosti historiografie." : stručná poznámka na okraj "sporu" o třetí vydání Kutnarových a Markových Přehledných dějin českého a slovenského dějepisectví

80%

Horský J.

Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)

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2010

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vol. 7

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issue 2

280-285

EN

This paper responds in a discussive manner to a critical review by Miloš Havelka of the third edition of František Kutnar‘s and Jaroslav Marek‘s book Přehledné dějiny českého a slovenského dějepisectví, published in Dějiny - teorie - kritika 6/2009, pp. 380-387.

CS

Studie polemicky odpovídá na recenzi třetího vydání Přehledných dějin českého a slovenského dějepisectví Františka Kutnara a Jaroslava Marka z pera Miloše Havelky, uveřejněnou v časopise Dějiny - teorie - kritika 6/2009, na stranách 380-387.

7

Magister ludi - rozmowa z Prof. Jackiem Banaszkiewiczem

80%

Banaszkiewicz J., Kowalewski J., Żmudzki P.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2012

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issue 2(3)

255–297

XX

Interview with Professor Jacek Banaszkiewicz on the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the birth and the 40th anniversary of scientific work.

8

Ruská medievistika sovětského období jako badatelský problém

80%

Komendová J.

Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)

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2009

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vol. 6

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issue 1

83-100

EN

This article is concerned with contemporary Russian research on Russian Mediaeval Studies in the Soviet era. Historians of Russian Mediaeval Studies faced repression in the twentieth century to an extent and for a length of time and in an intensity not experienced by historians in any other European country of those days. It is therefore understandable that researchers now look at the past of their own fi eld mainly through the lens of the history of repression. Though picture from outside the trampled field of scholarship (historians in particular and the fi eld in general), as well as victims of the totalitarian regime, is in many respects an accurate one, it has pushed to the background the fact that not only ideologists misused topics from history, but so did scholars themselves, who met this ‘social demand’ and actively took part in disciplining their own fi eld. These fundamental questions, however, have previously not been considered in Russian historiography to the extent they deserve.

CS

Článek se zabývá současným ruským výzkumem ruské medievistiky za sovětské éry. Historici z ruských medievistických studií se museli ve dvacátém století vyrovnávat s represemi, které co do rozsahu, časové délky a intenzity nezažily žádní historici v jiné evropské zemi té doby. Je tedy pochopitelné, že badatelé nyní sledují minulost vlastního oboru především jako dějiny represí. I když je zvenčí tento obrázek potlačovaného výzkumu (zvláště co se týkalo historiků a jejich oboru obecně), stejně jako obětí totalitního režimu, v mnoha ohledech správný, nutí nás to k náhledu, že nejen ideologové zneužívali témata z minulosti, ale též mnozí badatelé sami, kteří tak vycházeli vstříc „společenské objednávce” a aktivně participovali na disciplinaci vlastního oboru. Těmto zásadním otázkám se však ruská historiografie dosud nepostavila tak, jak by si zasloužily.

9

Inskrypcja staro-hebrajska z Siloe jako świadectwo pamięci historycznej

80%

Baranowski K. J.

Przegląd Orientalistyczny

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2016

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issue 1-2

3-12

EN

The Ancient Hebrew Siloam tunnel inscription has unique characteristics among Northwest Semitic epigraphic texts. It does not mention the king or deity nor does it follow any known literary genre. Its insistence on technical details indicates that it was commissioned by the builders of the tunnel with the purpose of commemorating their engineering achievement. Given this background and nature, the Siloam inscription is a unique testimony of historical consciousness among middle and lower class members of the society in the 8th-7th century Judah who felt the need to record their story in writing.

10

Krásná literatura a historická fakta: beletrie jako symbol a zdroj při psaní o ruských a východoevropských dějinách

80%

Winklerová M.

Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)

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2006

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vol. 3

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issue 1

35-48

EN

This article is concerned with the historical construction of images of Russia and Central Europe through fiction and looks at the pitfalls ofusing fiction as a historical source. In addition, the author uses concrete examples to consider Russian and Central European novelists* interest in history and to analyse the way they perceive the past. She is critical of the fragmentary fashion in which Western historians use images of Russian life in Russian fiction, sometimes oversimplifying and distorting. At the same time she raises a basic question for the image ofthe past: how was fiction read at the time ofits writing and how has fiction been used in the framework of social and cultural communication. At the theoretical level she reaches the conclusion that historians will have to ereate their own methods, distinct from the methods ofliterary critics, for estabfishing the importance that fiction had at a particulartime, in a particular political situation and within a certain social class or group.

11

Pro Turcis and contra Turcos: Curiosity, Scholarship and Spiritualism in Turkish Histories by Johannes Löwenklau (1541–1594)

80%

Ács P.

Acta Comeniana (International review of Comenius studies and early modern intellectual history)

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2011

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vol. 25

25-46

EN

It is still partially unexplained why, in 16th–17th-century Hungary – as opposed to Western countries – Ottoman history was not processed in an authentic and scholarly way. Why is it that intelligent Western reports of the Ottoman Empire and its history had no echo in Hungary, even though these reports wrote about, and were written to, Hungarians? This paper aims to answer the above questions when discussing Johannes Löwenklau, one of the most excellent 16th-century experts in the Ottomans. First we examine the three main sources used for his Ottoman Histories, all of them related to Hungary. Then we describe the intellectual background of Löwenklau's Chronicles. The two parts of the study off er two diff erent answers to the above question. (1) In the 16th century, Hungary fell apart, so it was impossible to conduct deep studies, although they would have served the country's interests. It is thus not surprising that the learned synthesis of sources of Hungarian origin was made by a German Humanist. (2) Löwenklau was a tolerant, gentle, intellectual member of the Bohemian Brethren. His books paint an alternative image of the Turks, one that does not match the commonplaces on the ancient enemy of Christianity, and one that is also distinct from the "the scourge of God" destined to revenge crimes according to the Wittenberg Reformation. A desire for universal peace clearly appeared in his works, in addition to the confrontation with the Turks and the idea of the Crusade. The ordinary Hungarian audience was averse to this combination of scholarly research and apocalypticism, so it is notsurprising that Hungarian historiography has been largely silent about this great historian of his age.

12

Zwischen Fiktion und Historiographie. Historisches Erzählen und die Krise der Identität in Leo Perutz‘ (nicht)historischem Roman Turlupin

80%

Jachimowicz A.

Acta Neophilologica

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2013

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issue XV/2

115-128

EN

After World War I the historical novel experienced a big boom in Austria. Especially the völkisch-national authors elaborated a lot of history books in which the deeds of the Heroes of world history were portrayed. The intention of those novels was to nourish the base for the arrival of a Führer. In his historical novel Turlupin, Leo Perutz drafted a counter-model to the pathetic topos of those books. On the level of the plot and the narration techniques, in this seemingly conventional historical novel Turlupin, Perutz discussed the crisis of identity and by doing this he engaged in the manifold discourses of his time.

13

Nové pojetí dějin studené války v anglosaské historiografii. Analýza základních tendencí a přístupů tzv. New Cold War History

80%

Beneš L., Miller S.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2022

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vol. 120

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issue 1

177-194

EN

The study aims to present the main theoretical foundation of a new type of Cold War historiography, so-called New Cold War History, the origin of which was significantly contributed to by the work of the Norwegian historian Odd A. Westad. The subject of interest is the analysis of the starting points of this type of research and its comparison with the traditional methods of the history of the Cold War. There is also an outline of its basic development trends and inspirations in the field of cultural and transnational history. In the conclusion, the most important objects of research are described, for which the use of theoretical knowledge of New Cold War History seems appropriate, and there is a basic typology of the primary feature of this new way of researching the Cold War, i.e., the contact of actors through the Iron Curtain.

14

Géza Alföldy et l’histoire des femmes dans la Rome Antique

80%

Álvarez Melero A.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2017

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issue 16

553-567

EN

The purpose of this article is to study G. Alföldy’s contribution to women’s history thanks to a review of his articles and his main monographs, so as to assess how much significance he attached to them.

15

Kmotrovství jako badatelský problém. K sociálním dějinám raného novověku a 19. století

80%

Skořepová M.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2016

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vol. 114

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issue 1

64-88

EN

This study summarizes the results of contemporary research on the issue of godparenthood. Whereas this theme is relatively popular abroad, there has merely appeared a few partial studies in the Czech environment. The aim of this contribution is to draw attention to different aspects of godparenthood as a spiritual relationship in the Early Modern Age and in the 19th century, as well as to underline the importance of research into this topic in order to discover the formation and functioning of social links in the past.

16

Josef Pekař v posametovém světě české historiografie

80%

Havelka M.

Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)

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2006

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vol. 3

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issue 2

231-250

EN

What was known as the "Goll School" and especially the most prominent representative of its first generation, Josef Pekafi, for many years formed the main current of Czech conservative-Catholic historiography that developed in opposition to the Protestant-progressive concept of Czechoslovakia represented after Palack˘ above all by T.G. Masaryk. In many respects Marxist historiography drew on this latter school, and so the historical achievements of the Goll School were ideologically rejected and politically excluded. The "Velvet Revolution" opened up the possibility of an obkective assessment of the contributions of the Goll School and especially the long banned Josef Pekafi. With an eye to the literature that has so far been published on Pekafi, this article seeks to show the state of research by offering an analysis of the various different areas of historical study addressed by Goll, and criticises continuing shortcomings in the three Pekafi monographs that have hitherto been published, The article looks in particular at questions of Pekafi's historical understanding of the concept and interpretation of the Hussite movement, the reconstruction of the concept and message of the unfinished third volume of Pekafi's Knihy o Kosti, the interpretation of Pekafi's political attitudes during the 1st World War and especially his conception of constitutional issues, his understanding of the nation and the associated questions of Pekafi's nationalism, attitude to the Germans and also his demonstrable anti-semitism.

CS

Takzvaná Gollova škola a především nejprominentnější představitel její první generace, Josef Pekař, po mnoho let utvářela hlavní proud českého konzervativně-katolického dějepisectví, který se vyvinul v opozici k protestantsko-pokrokářskému konceptu Československa reprezentovanému po Palackém především T. G. Masarykem. Z tohoto druhého proudu ale v mnoha ohledech čerpalo marxistické dějepisectví, a tak byly historické výsledky Gollovy školy ideologicky odmítnuty a politicky vytěsněny. „Sametová revoluce“ přinesla možnost objektivního posouzení přínosů Gollovy školy a zvláště dlouho zakazovaného Josefa Pekaře. S ohledem na texty, které byly dosud o Pekařovi publikovány, představuje tento článek stav bádání skrze analýzu nejrůznějších oblastí historického výzkumu sledovaných Gollem a kritizovat opakovaná pochybení ve třech pekařovských monografiích, které byly ke dnešnímu dni publikovány. Článek se především soustředí na Pekařovo historického chápání koncepce a interpretace husitského hnutí, rekonstrukci tohoto pojetí a myšlenek nedokončeného třetího dílu Knihy o Kosti, interpretaci Pekařových politických postojů v průběhu první světové války, a především jeho představu ústavní problematiky, chápání národa a s tím spojené otázky Pekařova nacionalismu, přístupu k Němcům a jeho prokazatelný antisemitismus.

17

Instytut Śląski, 1934-1948

80%

Linek B.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2012

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issue 1(342)

178-197

EN

The article presents the genesis and the main trends within the Polish studies in the humanities conducted in Silesia on the turn of the 19th and 20th century with special emphasis on historiography. The main focus is on the activity of Instytut Śląski (Silesian Institute) based in Katowice during the Interwar period and directly after the War. The author analyzes the political goals set by Michał Grażyński, the then Voivode, as well as the main directions of the scientific research carried out by this institution at that time. According to the intentions expressed by M. Grażyński, the Institute was meant to constitute – beside Muzeum Śląskie (Silesian Museum) and Komitet Wydawnictw Śląskich (Committee for Silesian Publications) of Kraków – an element of the Polish political offensive in the field of historical politics. The five-year-long activity of the Silesian Institute before the War ended with an impressive number of 270 published books of various length and character. The popularizing activity in the form of lectures, meetings and special radio programs was also carried out. Directly after the War, there dominated another form of activity, which was connected with the primary political aim of bringing the Regained Territories closer to the society inhabiting them.

18

Marian Biskup (1922–2012) historyk, edytor źródeł, organizator nauki

80%

Tandecki J.

Zapiski Historyczne

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2012

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vol. 77

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issue 4

53-60

EN

Professor Marian Biskup, an outstanding historian, editor of sources and organizer of science, was born on 19 December 1922 in Inowrocław. In 1945 he started studying history at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. It was there that in June 1949 he defended his master’s thesis about Jan Cegenberg, and next in October 1950 on the basis of his dissertation The attitude of Gdańsk to Casimir Jagiellon during the Thirteen Years’ War 1454–1466, supervised by Karol Górski, he obtained his PhD degree. In 1953 he started working in the Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences – first in the Department of the Historical Atlas, from 1958 in the Laboratory of the Department of the History of Pomerania in Toruń, where he was employed until he retired in 1992 (from 1987 he was the head of the whole department). During his work in the Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1957 he obtained the title of the Candidate of Sciences; in 1958 he became a docent; in 1961 – an associate professor, and in 1971 he received the title of full professor. From the very beginning of his scientific career his research interest was focused on the history of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Order in Prussia, the history of Pomerania from the 13th to the 16th centuries, and the history of Central and Northern Europe in the same period. He was also an editor of sources. Professor Biskup was well known in the historical environment not only thanks to his outstanding scientific achievements (the complete bibliography of his works contains over 800 titles, including over 20 books and more than 20 volumes of the publications of sources), but also as an organizer of science. He edited many joint publications. From 1945, for 45 years, Marian Biskup was also an editor of Zapiski Historyczne published by the Society of Science in Toruń, not to mention numerous regional journals. Various state, scientific and municipal institution granted him honours in recognition of his scientific and organizational accomplishments. In 1991 he became a corresponding member of the Polish Academy of Sciences, and from 1994 he was its fellow member. From 1990 he also took part in the works of the Polish Academy of Learning (first as a corresponding member, and from 1991 as an active member). In 1998 Marian Biskup received an honorary degree (honoris causa) of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, and in 2001 – of the University of Gdańsk. In 1993 he was awarded the Order of Polonia Restituta for his contribution to the development of Polish science. He was also an honorary citizen of Toruń, Inowrocław and Elbląg.

19

Opowieść Kosmasa o Pięciu Braciach Męczennikach i jej potencjalne źródła – krótki przyczynek do dyskusji

80%

Matla M.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2014

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issue 2(7)

13-38

EN

Apart from the legend scribbled down by Bruno of Querfurt and a mention in the Life of St. Romuald by Peter Damian, the history of the martyrdom of Five Martyr Brothers, was also noted by a Czech chronicler Cosmas, even though is at variance with the other two stories. All manuscripts of the Cosmas’ chronicle contain wider information on Polish eremites, except for the Stockholm copy, that is to say a version in Codex Gigas, generally believed to be an unfi nished copy of the edition of the chronicle prepared when Cosmas still alive. What was the basis of Cosmas version – whether it was a scholarly fi gment of his imagination, or, alternatively, a completion of copyists or information he based on oral sources or a written legend, which had arrived from Poland – has been a subject of much debate among the historians. The comparison of another fragment of the chronicle, which mentions the translocation of the relics of Five Martyr Brothers, seems to indicate that Cosmas completed the original version of his chronicle with a wider version of the legend himself. The analysis of chronological elements of the original version of Cosmas’ chronicle from the Stockholm Codex and later copies containing extensive descriptions devoted to the life of the Five Brothers suggests that apart from a more extensive legend, Cosmas also revised the chronology of events, thereby furnishing a more accurate dating in the second version (the day of death – 11th November, instead of the original 12th November), in accordance with the version of Bruno of Querfurt. Such dating is incompatible with the version that appears in the Czech and Polish calendars starting from the second half of the eleventh century, which means that Cosmas must have found it, along with an extensive legend, in a written version. The analysis of Czech calendars has shown that day of Five Martyr Brothers was not fi xed in Bohemia at the beginning of the twelfth century, which could have disposed Cosmas towards including a broader story of the Polish hermits (whose relics were stored in some Czech centres) in his chronicle, with a view to disseminating their worship. The legend itself, the one Cosmas grounded his story on, is likely to have originated in Bohemia, as evidenced by the unmistakable ignorance of either the Polish realities or the hermits’ life and was probably written down only after Bretislaus I brought the relics of the martyrs to Prague in 1039, thereby creating a burning need for the legend which would disseminate the cult of new saints. This legend is based on oral tradition, formed by the Czech clergy (hitherto cooperating with Bolesław the Brave) coetaneous to the events, and, on the other hand, on an obituary record comprising the names and dates of the brothers and a day date, which could have arisen in Prague shortly after the events. This tradition also recorded the name of the sixth hermit, who escaped death owing to the deputation to Rome – it is reasonable to assume that the hermit frequented Prague to report the ruler with his deputations. Due to the collision of the day of the brothers’ martyrdom and St. Gregory of Tours, in the Czech calendars, the holiday was postponed for 12 November already in the second half of the eleventh century. Writing the fi rst editorial of his chronicles, Cosmas had probably only vintages, vague oral tradition (which retains the name of Barnabas) and an updated calendar at his disposal, hence the manuscript of Stockholm lacks a broader description of the martyrs and 12th November as the date of their death. Before making the fi nal editorial, Cosmas must have discovered a written version of the legend, produced after 1039, and under its infl uence included a more extensive description of events and the modifi ed day date of hermits’ death.

20

Tropos logikos : filozofie historiografie Gustava Špeta

80%

Steiner P. P., Podhajský F. A.

Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)

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2008

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vol. 5

|

issue 2

237-254

EN

Gustav G. Spet (1879-1937) is one of those formidable Russian thinkers who, in the early years of the last century, orchestrated a revolutionary paradigm shift across a broad swath of the humanities and social sciences, which is still reverberating today. We lack, however, a comprehensive view of the manifold heterogeneity of his intellectual endeavours. This article focuses on one prominent lacuna in our knowledge of Spet: the theory of history that he advanced in the 1910s. In many respects his theory anticipated the ‘linguistic turn’ that occurred in Western historiography during the last quarter of the twentieth century, which is most often identifi ed with Hayden White. But whereas White analyzes the historian’s discourse in terms of tropology and narratology, for Spet predication is the key logical mechanism generating the production of texts about the past. The divergence of these two approaches, the article concludes, can be explained through the hidden Kantian underpinnings of White’s thought, which contrasts sharply with the explicit Hegelianism of Spet’s theorizing.

CS

Gustav G. Spet (1879-1937) byl jedním z oněch impozantních ruských myslitelů, kteří v prvních letech minulého století vedli revolučného posun paradigmatu napříč širokým záběrem humanitních a sociálních věd, který rezonuje dodnes. Chybí nám však celkový pohled na mnohotvárnou heterogenitu jeho intelektuálních snah. Tento článek se soustředí na význačnou mezeru v našich znalostech Speta: teorii dějin, kterou rozvíjel ve druhém desetiletí dvacátého století. Jeho teorie v mnoha ohledech předcházela „lingvistický obrat“, který se odehrál v západní historiografii v poslední čtvrtině dvacátého století a začasté je spojován s Haydenem Whitem. Ale zatímco White analyzoval historický diskurs v termínech tropologie a naratologie, pro Speta byla výpověď klíčovým logickým mechanismem, který generuje produkci textů o minulosti. Rozdíly mezi těmito dvěma přístupy, jak uzavírá článek, mohou být vysvětleny skrze skrytě kantovskou bázi Whitova myšlení, která ostře kontrastuje s explicitním hegeliánstvím Spetova uvažování.

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