Search results

1

NÁRODNá IDENTITA, REGIONÁLNA IDENTITA A ROZVOJ REGIÓNOV

100%

Profantová Z.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2005

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vol. 12

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issue 2

121-125

EN

Question of regions is the question of central part and periphery. Development of regions depend on the development of centrum with which they create unity. Region is characterized as a territory with the features typical for it. Regional awareness has emotional and feeling character. This part has centrifugal tendency and integrates local and regional societies. Relation with traditional culture is the outcome and possibility in the development of regions in tourism. Awareness of regional membership is necessary to reach by education in family, school and state policy -in the area of traditional culture and national culture.

2

ŠKOLSKÉ SLÁVNOSTI JEDNÉHO SOCIALISTICKÉHO GYMNÁZIA (PRÍPADOVÁ ŠTÚDIA)

100%

Segľová L.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2006

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vol. 13

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issue 2

28-61

EN

This article is a case study of the school celebrations in a Slovak socialist grammar school. It deals with political festivals connected with political history of the previous Czechoslovakia or Soviet Union. First part of the article describes the school celebrations in three different periods. Stress is put on the period of normalization (1970-1989). In comparison with this period two earlier periods of school celebrations are analyzed (1946-1950 and 1966-1969). These earlier periods are considered as a turning point in the Czechoslovak history. Second part analyzes organization and content of the described school celebrations.

3

MANIFESTATIONS OF MARIAN DEVOTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC - PAST AND PRESENT (Projevy marianske religiozity v Ceske republice - vcera a dnes)

100%

Holubova M.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2008

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vol. 56

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issue 4

361-373

EN

The Czech society is considered, together with the society of the former East Germany, to be one of the most secularized in the world. The aim of the present paper is to sketch in a large outline not only the historical preconditions of this opinion, but also to resume the existing partial results of ethnological research focused on the contemporary changes of religiousness and manifestations of Marian devotion in the Czech Republic after the year 1989. The years 1989 a 1990 brought innumerable forms of religiousness. From the variants of classical Chriastianity through its rather deformed forms up to the spiritual schools of the Far East. At presents there are two Marian movements in Czec Republic: Marian Movements of Priests and Apostolate of Fatima (Blue Army).

4

UKRAINIANS IN WARMIA AND MAZURY. BETWEEN THE PRESERVATION OF LINGUISTIC IDENTITY AND LINGUISTIC ASSIMILATION

100%

Domagala B.

Lud

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2007

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vol. 91

231-252

EN

Ukrainians came to the region of Warmia and Mazury in 1947 when they were resettled from southeastern Poland. The resettlement and dispersion were the first stage of the policy of assimilation of the Ukrainian population, including linguistic assimilation, which was pursued in the following years. For the contemporary Ukrainians, who live in Warmia and Mazury, language is one of the basic values, next to religion and historical memory, which are pillars of their national identity. The basic role in sustaining and developing the linguistic identity of the community is played by the school. Its job is to promote the knowledge of literary language, which matches the standards of the national language. It is a key to the Ukrainian culture and a link between the Diaspora and the Ukrainian people. The school is also an institution which integrates the Ukrainian community in the region, particularly the youth. It builds the linguistic community through the organisation of many events and local and regional meetings. The preservation of the Ukrainian language in the minority will depend on the extent to which it will be a language used in everyday communication in families and in the community, despite the spontaneous processes of assimilation. A greater and greater number of mixed marriages is a danger to the Ukrainian language and culture. The migration of Ukrainian families to towns, which disintegrates the families and traditional neighbourhoods, does not favour the strengthening of links with the native language. As a result many Ukrainian families are facing a dilemma today - should they insist that their children attend extra language classes or not? Whatever the ultimate choices are, everything will depend on raising the awareness that the culture of a minority group is a value, which favourably distinguishes a minority group, that it is a source of prestige in the culturally uniform society and that it accords a higher social status.

5

THE OLD RUSSIAN MONASTERY AS A CULTURAL PHENOMENON (Drevnerusskii monastyr kak fenomen kultury)

100%

Gromov M.

Slavia Orientalis

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2009

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vol. 58

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issue 1

7-17

EN

The article is dedicated to the old Russian monastic culture which is of millennium history. The Russian monastery was the place of religious ascetic life and the center of creative activity in architecture, painting, book-learning, songs, ringing the bell, farming etc. at the same time. Monasteries were destroyed in the Soviet time, and they have been reviving now. They continue to play an importanat role in the Orthodox and Catholic tradition.

6

Lidová náboženská četba na prahu 21. století

100%

Nespor Z. R.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2008

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vol. 95

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issue 3

225-249

EN

The Czech spiritual market is today as developed as that of western European countries. De-traditionalised and individualised holistic milieu has created a demand for spiritual literature and magazines as well as other marketable goods ('magic' stones, amulets, horoscopes, natural drugs etc.). This paper attempts to analyse the character and sources of contemporary best selling spiritual literature and its readership in the Czech Republic. It also provides a case study of a Prague spiritual bookshop and its comparison with five other Czech spiritual outlets (including an Internet outlet). The results clearly show that marketing spirituality has become a mainstream phenomenon with regard to all gender, age and class categories, although there was found to be an over presence of older middle-aged women among the buyers. There is emphasized 'churchless' and 'nonreligious' character of the buyers and the best selling books, that include predominantly those referring to 'modern' and 'esoteric' western or 'ethnic' spiritualities. The supply side comprises both special and general publishers, the former having been more successful in specialised bookshops and spiritual outlets and the latter in addressing the wider population (including via the Internet).

7

SLOVENSKO V KONTEXTE MIGRÁCIÍ STREDOVÝCHODNEJ EURÓPY PO ROKU 1945 (NA PRÍKLADE VÝMENY OBYVATEĽSTVA MEDZI ČESKOSLOVENSKOM A MAĎARSKOM)

100%

Paríková M.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2006

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vol. 13

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issue 2

178

EN

The contribution deals with a retrospective view on the research of the mass migrations after the Second World War motivated by a new geopolitical organization in Europe. The authoress uses the example of the population exchange between Hungary and Czechoslovakia in the period 1946-48 to analyze the processes of the relocation and removal of the population and their influence on the ethno - cultural and social development in this part of Europe. The analysis includes the critical reflection of the interpretation of those processes in the scholarly literature during socialism.

8

TURIZMUS A ĽUDOVÁ KULTÚRA V KONTEXTE EURÓPSKYCH KONCEPCIÍ

100%

Hladká Ľ.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2005

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vol. 12

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issue 2

50-55

EN

The article opens the problem of influence of tourism on local traditional culture. Relevant information in the article is based on the Swiss experience, where tourism is quite developed. The article discusses the policy of tourism and some conceptions of tourism. To conclude, the question of the role of ethnology and etnologists in the process of opening the regions to tourism is being discussed.

9

SOME FACES OF THE INTERNET CATHOLIC RELIGIOUSNESS

100%

Kuzma I.

Etnografia Polska

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2005

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vol. 49

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issue 1-2

125-145

EN

The World Wide Web can be included to the subjects of interest for ethnology, not only as a phenomenon in itself which is worth studying, but also as the area where particular phenomena occur. The Internet offers a different way of pereceiving time and space, gives new quality to the concepts of community, group and communication. It also encourages consideration on status and role of an individual. Studies on Internet require re-considering some specific cultural manifestations: experience and emotions, including experiences of religious character. The author studies particular cultural phenomena as they are present in the Internet in the context of the ' Web culture'. These cultural phenomena belong to forms of contemporary Catholic religiousness. Internet brings about changes in perceiving the temporal-spatial sacred reality where revelations take place and visionaries and healers act. Internauts- the faithful and the pilgrims meet online, on the Web site of one of the centres of the Marian cult using a box of prayer intentions. The Internet favours autonomy, indepedence - individuality. Favourable conditions for them lie in the anonimity and the very act of written communication - communication of the exclusive kind (according to the concept used by the Polish folklorists Piotr Kowalski who has studied written votive offerings). Considering the contemporary online intention entries the author concludes that due to some new rhetorical and stylistic forms the statements can be defined as inclusive. The faithful are supposed to reveal, to expose their private, emotional life.This results in establishing a particular form of community - the community of emotion, whose point of reference is the reality of the sacred and Virgin Mary. The emotions ensure unity of religious experience, contributing to the power of interpersonal bonds. Though the community expresses itself in virtual reality, its model is the 'real' Church, i.e. community of the faithful. We can't say that the Web has started any revolution in the forms of religiousness, although it enables the repertoir of cultural means of expression to be richer and broader. Physical being has been replaced by a variety of graphic signs and by written text. Telling about oneself has replaced ritual gestures. Owing to its specific qualities the Web has simply shifted the emphasis put on particular elements.That is why it is more accurate to write about 'the Internet forms (faces) of Catholic religiousness' than to use the concept of 'Internet Catholic religiousenss'.

10

ZÁHADNÉ KRITÉRIUM SYNKRETICKOSTI FOLKLÓRU

100%

Murín I.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2005

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vol. 12

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issue 1

26-31

EN

The author attempts to charakterise changeable categories of folklore and folklorism in dependence of time. The folkloristic research in the complex societes complicated syncretic chraracter of the folklore material. Today is demanding to distinguish the peasant archaic folklore (of the turn of the 19th-20th century) from the historical influences of the waves of folklorism. The mass character, schematism, manipulation are considered as main negative aspects of the stage folklorism. The folkloristic research logicaly involved examination of the second existence of folklore and interference phenomena of a folklorisation.

11

AKÁ JE TEORETICKÁ PRÍPRAVA ŠTUDENTOV ETNOLÓGIE

100%

Jakubíková K.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2004

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vol. 11

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issue 2

40-44

EN

The paper deals with the problems of training of students in the Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology of the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University in Bratislava. After presenting concise account of the past situation the authoress treats the present state of affairs. She presents the conception of theoretical training, courses schedule, aims of the courses as well as the reflection of certain limits and deficiencies.

12

MALOKARPATSKÝ REGIÓN - VYUŽITIE TRADÍCIÍ V ROZVOJI REGIÓNU A TURIZMU

100%

Ševčíková E.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2005

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vol. 12

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issue 2

129-139

EN

The Little Carpathian region belong to the most important tourist regions in Slovakia. Recently the tradition of viticultural customs was renewed, finding its expression in the Little Carpathian Wine Route with the ambition of valorization of the viticultural art and craftsmanship of the local population as wel as other merits of the region. The authoress is concerned with various viticulture actions in the region, especially in the Little Carpathians Museum in Pezinok. Other theme is the exploitation of the traditional pottery production in the development of the travel movement.

13

Arménští lidoví pěvci a trubadúři – gusani a ašugové

100%

Kohoutkova P.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2007

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vol. 94

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issue 2

157-176

EN

The goal of this article is to approach the Armenian epic poetry and above all the phenomenon of local troubadour lyrics as such, in the light of traditions of neighbouring nations and also in a European context. The authoress has tried to show that Armenia (and the Caucasus region as a whole) is far from being a region deserving only the marginal interest of researchers. To the contrary, its relative isolation on the one hand and the constant blending of cultures and the emergence of syncretic traditions on the other hand make the Caucasus a fountainhead of topics not only for ethnologists and folklorists. Armenian lyric poetry can be shown to have developed under the strong influence of Persian as well as Arabic poetry, but Armenian folk art tended to take its inspiration also from local traditions, and through the quasi authorship of hayrens it then became the inspiration for the higher art form of poetry. Through popular music, Armenian troubadour lyric poetry has remained alive and is still popular with the public.

14

Obyčej v životě člověka v minulosti a dnes

100%

Simonides D.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2009

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vol. 19

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issue 2

75-83

EN

The term 'custom' is not always used explicity in science. It has three meanings, at least. The first one is a way of behaviour, the second one specifies habits and rites aimed at aesthetical needs of the society, while the third one is connected with unwritten customary law. In life, however, we do not meet those meanings separately but they penetrate each other. We always must take into consideration the time and social conditionality of the analyzed phenomena. A (family, work, local) community is the bearer of customs. The contemporary communities often differ from those traditional ones. A present human does not submit to the press of the environment in which he/she lives. The cause can be seen in the world view change and in the modification of ethos. The cease of traditional customs, which were based on the system of values accepted by the majority, results, however, in the lability of moral standards and the revitalization of ethnic behaviour.

15

ETHNOMEDICINE (Etnomeditsiin)

100%

Rorbye B.

Mäetagused

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2008

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vol. 39

93-136

EN

Research in ethnomedicine involves the observance of the views, principles, and behaviour regarding illnesses and diseases by different people and cultures. The activities of folk healers and turning to them for help are still topical, even though the awareness of people has grown and the level of education is considerably higher than in the past. Nevertheless, it appears that regardless of the availability of medical care, there are always patients who turn only to folk healers. Another group of people who tend to turn to folk healers for help are those whose treatment by medical professionals has not been successful. In folklore the theme is represented by tales of diseases and illnesses, in which the main characters are a positive or negative patient and a positive or negative healer. These often stereotypical folktales are almost the only material that enables drawing conclusions on the illness behaviour of the customers of folk healers. The reason behind all that is that the society is steadfastly fixated on the health myth.

16

ARCHEOSKANZENY JAKO FORMA PREZENTACE KULTURNÍHO DĚDICTVÍ A JEJÍ VYUŽITÍ V TURISTICKÉM RUCHU

100%

Válka M.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2005

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vol. 12

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issue 2

145-156

EN

Traditional folk culture has its firm place in tourism. People want to learn about unique life of a nation, about its distinct ethnographical regions and communities or interesting places. The open-air museums are places where all such things are presented. There are ones focusing on the traditional house and folk culture. There are also ones called ecomuseums. They do not preserve existing historic buildings. They present reconstructions of ancient or medieval buildings based on scholarly research. Now, we can find almost twenty archeological open-air museums. They are an outcome of scholarly, children, or commercial activities.

17

Transkulturace: možnosti využití a rozšíření konceptu

100%

Krizova M.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2008

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vol. 95

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issue 1

15-35

EN

The article aims to introduce and explore the concept of 'transculturation'. Unlike the affiliated concept of 'acculturation', capitalized widely in anthropology, sociology and other branches of social sciences, the concept of transculturation had until recently commanded little attention outside the limited area of Latin American studies. The concept, originally formulated in the 1940s by Cuban sociologist Fernando Ortiz, accentuates the mutual character of cultural interaction, the active participation of 'subordinate' groups in the process, as well as the unique character of the resulting cultural formation. That is, the processes of enforced cultural exchange (for example, through colonial expansion) are perceived as not only destructive, but also creative. While the concept of transculturation had commonly been applied within the frame of American or African history and anthropology, the present article proposes the advantages and possibilities of its use in the study of (Central) European millieu - be it in the study of German-Jewish-Czech interaction in the nineteenth century, or in the study of Protestant-Catholic cultural exchange after the year 1620.

18

ČO NÁS ČAKÁ A NEMINIE V SPOLOČNEJ EURÓPE: ZAMYSLENIE NAD PERSPEKTÍVAMI SLOVENSKEJ ETNOLÓGIE (A VEDY VŠEOBECNE) V EURÓPSKEJ ÚNII

100%

Bitušíková A.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2004

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vol. 11

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issue 1

82-87

EN

The paper deals with place, tendencies and perspectives of ethnology / anthropology in Slovakia, a new Member State of the European Union. It supports co-existence of more descriprive and comparative etnology that has a long tradition in Slovakia, and modern social and cultural anthropology that needs to be built on a new basis. Results of ethnological and anthropological research should introduce various aspects of traditional as well as present culture and society in Slovakia to a wider readership in European Union, which requires publishing in English or other foreign languages. It is important to extend the range of research topics and pay more attention to various phenomena of the transition society. Research projects funded by the European Commission are often focused on current socio-economic processes, and are mostly policy-oriented and interdisciplinary. Research training has to develop in line with the EU research trends and to reflect changing demands of the global labour market.

19

BULGARIAN WOODEN CALENDARS (Bulgaaria puukalendrid)

100%

Koleva V.

Mäetagused

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2010

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vol. 46

93-114

EN

The article presents a short review of the characteristic features of Bulgarian wooden calendars. Particular attention has been paid to the structure of calendar records and special signs marking the fixed feast days throughout the year in the Orthodox liturgical calendar. A group of calendar sticks from the central part of the Rhodope Mountains, repeatedly used during the 19th century, illustrate this little known folk tradition. Parallels are drawn with wooden calendars from other countries.

20

THE CULTURAL CONTEXT OF ADAPTATION TO A DISASTER DEGRADED SPACE

100%

Hajduk-Nijakowska J.

Lud

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2004

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vol. 88

13-40

EN

Using an anthropological perspective, the authoress analyses the process of adaptation to the immediate space by Polish people hit by the 1997 flood. Places of their residence have been branded with disaster and the feeling of being lost and harmed has been intensified by the awareness of the loss of everything they owned. In order to feel fulfilled in the new situation flood victims had to display an exceptional fortitude and perseverance. It turned out that most of the flood victims worked laboriously to recover their individual space from the time before the flood, to rebuild the feeling of cultural continuity, to reconstruct (or create from scratch) their 'sacred places of their private life'. The adaptation of the degraded space meant also adaptation of the social space, restoration of relations with other people. This condition triggered the natural need to talk, to tell others about the recent experiences, which greatly helped to overcome the trauma caused by the flood, 'slow down' the emotions and start the memory celebration process. She also analyses the situations of the flood victims, who were forced to change their place of residence, who had to settle new, strange spaces, who created a new spatial reality (most often on the periphery of the city) and cooperated in the establishment of a new, local community.

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NÁRODNá IDENTITA, REGIONÁLNA IDENTITA A ROZVOJ REGIÓNOV

ŠKOLSKÉ SLÁVNOSTI JEDNÉHO SOCIALISTICKÉHO GYMNÁZIA (PRÍPADOVÁ ŠTÚDIA)

MANIFESTATIONS OF MARIAN DEVOTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC - PAST AND PRESENT (Projevy marianske religiozity v Ceske republice - vcera a dnes)

UKRAINIANS IN WARMIA AND MAZURY. BETWEEN THE PRESERVATION OF LINGUISTIC IDENTITY AND LINGUISTIC ASSIMILATION

THE OLD RUSSIAN MONASTERY AS A CULTURAL PHENOMENON (Drevnerusskii monastyr kak fenomen kultury)

Lidová náboženská četba na prahu 21. století

SLOVENSKO V KONTEXTE MIGRÁCIÍ STREDOVÝCHODNEJ EURÓPY PO ROKU 1945 (NA PRÍKLADE VÝMENY OBYVATEĽSTVA MEDZI ČESKOSLOVENSKOM A MAĎARSKOM)

TURIZMUS A ĽUDOVÁ KULTÚRA V KONTEXTE EURÓPSKYCH KONCEPCIÍ

SOME FACES OF THE INTERNET CATHOLIC RELIGIOUSNESS

ZÁHADNÉ KRITÉRIUM SYNKRETICKOSTI FOLKLÓRU

AKÁ JE TEORETICKÁ PRÍPRAVA ŠTUDENTOV ETNOLÓGIE

MALOKARPATSKÝ REGIÓN - VYUŽITIE TRADÍCIÍ V ROZVOJI REGIÓNU A TURIZMU

Arménští lidoví pěvci a trubadúři – gusani a ašugové

Obyčej v životě člověka v minulosti a dnes

ETHNOMEDICINE (Etnomeditsiin)

ARCHEOSKANZENY JAKO FORMA PREZENTACE KULTURNÍHO DĚDICTVÍ A JEJÍ VYUŽITÍ V TURISTICKÉM RUCHU

Transkulturace: možnosti využití a rozšíření konceptu

ČO NÁS ČAKÁ A NEMINIE V SPOLOČNEJ EURÓPE: ZAMYSLENIE NAD PERSPEKTÍVAMI SLOVENSKEJ ETNOLÓGIE (A VEDY VŠEOBECNE) V EURÓPSKEJ ÚNII