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Nynější problémy s někdejším literárním regionalismem

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Harák I.
Bohemistyka
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2016
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vol. 16
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issue 3
220 - 232
EN
In his study, Ivo Harák deals with work of a poet, fine artist and pedagogue Ladislav Stehlík, one of the most significant representatives of a literary regionalism (according to Martin C. Putna), in Czech countries both before and after second world war. Above all, Harák considers Stehlík´s most remarkable work Země zamyšlená, first published in 1947, (a compendium on history, land, people and art of South Bohemia) which has been well-accepted by readers and literary scientists. Harák notices its drawbacks due to the time it was written at and also the way Stehlík overcomes the dictate of contemporary ideology. Particularly, Harák emphasises timeless values of Země zamyšlená and reasons why the work is worth attention even in literary classes on Czech (secondary) schools. For a foreign reader, the text may be a guide through the metamorphoses of the south-bohemian land.
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Niewidzialne miasta – Michal Ajvaz czyta Italo Calvino

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Gawarecka A.
Bohemistyka
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2012
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vol. 12
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issue 4
267-279
EN
Italo Calvino’s Invisible cities (1972) is a fictional prosaic work which tries to consider a essential attributes of a modern urbanization. The hero, Marco Polo, shows his interlocutor, Kublai khan, some imaginary cities which are regarded as the allegorical examples of the anthropological, semiotic, metaphysical, architectonic or mythical aspects of the city as a historical, philosophical and cultural phenomenon. Calvino however stresses the individual character of the described places. Michal Ajvaz’s work titled 55 cities is a attempt of a new arrangement of a Calvino’s topical matter and reconstructing it into a universal model of the city itself. According to him the main features which decide about the essence of urbanization are memory and desire. First of them defines the past od the city – the second creates its future.
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Tvar Máchových Cikánù

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Všetička F.
Bohemistyka
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 4
291-300
EN
The following components participate in the composition structure od Mácha’s novel: protagonist title, motto (from Polish poets), significant day (Jewish Sabbath), anagnorisis, the background of nature (storm), auxiliary character, auxiliary prop (letters), miles gloriosus and situational framework. A thematic, semantic and compositional axis is created by a stone, around which the crucial actions of the novel take place. At the end of the study K. H. Mácha is compared to his German contemporary Clemens Brentano.
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Sprzeciw wobec wojny i przemocy w twórczości czeskich tekściarzy

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Brandys S.
Bohemistyka
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 4
301-310
EN
The author analyses the works of a few Czech artists (Karl Kryl, Jaromír Nohavica and Daniel Landa) who expressed their objection to totalitarian and war violence. He provides an analysis of selected rock lyrics, where we can find reaction of the artists against cruel, negative reality. The authors of the lyrics try to describe and evaluate such reality. An artist, bard or rock man is someone particularly sensitive to the surrounding evil and tries to fight against it. However, he does not use guns, nor does he administer justice on their own. The artists sing out their protest in order to arouse sensitivity of the listeners so that they become aware of the surrounding wrong and injustice. The author describes a soldier, military delusion, the army as a tempter, the gun and the civilization of death. He also tries to show the stylistic tropes used to depict the elements of the world of evil.
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»Válka je holka moje«. Żołnierz w pieśniach Karela Kryla

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Dźwinel K.
Bohemistyka
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2016
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vol. 16
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issue 1
65 - 80
EN
The article presents a thread related to the artist’s frequent use of the subjective point of view of a wandering through the world soldier – recurrent in the songs by Karel Kryl – a Moravian bard, “troubadour of the Prague Spring”. Life on an exile, constant separation, longing and also uncertainty of what was left behind and what is yet to come – are in Kryl’s way a framework of existential issues shaping his songs. The article’s aim is also to point other theme dominants of songwriter’s creation, which allow him to articulate a full range of feelings – in its complicated multidimensionality, still with a clear presence of emptiness, loneliness, homelessness.
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Pisarz w świecie urynkowionej kultury (casus Jana Jandourka i Bohuslava Vaňka-Úvalskiego)

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Gawarecka A.
Bohemistyka
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2014
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vol. 14
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issue 4
327 - 342
EN
Jan Jandourek and Bohuslav Vaněk-Úvalský in different way try to consider the contemporary process of devaluation of highbrow literature, which can't compete with the demands of the popular market. Jandourek tends to use the rules and instruments of the "cultural industry" because he wants to ridicule and deconstruct them. Vaněk-Úvalský shows the world of creators, publishers and distributors of literature and among a plenty of humorous tales he codes the sad diagnosis of ineffectiveness of all aspirations which aim is to reverse the dominating trends. Both writers realize that their trials of contesting the commercial reality are ambivalent. The principle that is obvious for experts of the "cultures of defiance" which claims that the mainstream is prepared to absorb each symptom of protest if it guarantees profits in a case of Jandourek and Vaněk-Úvalský comes true. Their contestation and exposed "niche" are introduced into a trade and find - though the disappointment of both writers - the enthusiastic followers.
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Sobotkovy aforismy na pozadí současné české aforistiky

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Balowski M.
Bohemistyka
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2013
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vol. 13
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issue 3
184 - 197
EN
The paper discusses the Czech Aphorisms of Jan Sobotka. Czech aphorist in his compositions misses values, which are considered to be the most important in the contemporary world. That is why he seeks the way through which one could understand surrounding him reality and follow the rules, which guarantee proper functioning of individual in this reality. In addition, he creates human rules according to nature's principles: to survive. He also seeks to excuse a man's behaviour, which depends on a situation in which he is, although it seems that it is rather ironic approach to the problem. Searching wisdom of life became a reason for Jan Sobotka to describe a typical for him image of the world in the distorting mirror (Eulenspiegel), which corresponds to didactic nature of aphorism (although nowadays in aphorisms that nature is hidden) and principle: let us learn on others' mistakes, because learning on our own costs us much.
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KREATÍVNE A “EDITUJÚCE” AKTIVITY JAROMÍRA ŠAVRDU A “KRITICIZMUS” V SÚDNYCH A KRIMINÁLNYCH SPISOCH

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Málková I.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2016
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vol. 63
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issue 1
29 – 44
EN
The paper presents a stage in the life of Jaromír Šavrda (1933-1988), a writer, editor, journalist, dissident, the period of his trial in 1979. The way the „reception“ of the books and samizdat volumes was conducted by the State Secret Police is examined. The paper builds on archive materials made available for the first time (Jaromír Šavrda´s inheritence is stored in Ostrava City Archive), it goes through the materials, indictments, its quotes from extensive judgements. It focuses on non-literary pseudo-assessments of the books and samizdat volumes, which were confiscated during a police raid in Šavrda´s place and used to bring charges against him. Another variant shows a process of criminalizing literature, excluding and removing writings from literary communication.
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BETWEEN MATERIAL, THEORY AND IDEOLOGY. ON THE POSITION OF THE LITERARY HISTORY (Mezi materialem, teorii a ideologii. K pozicii literarni historie)

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Turecek D.
World Literature Studies
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2010
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vol. 2 (19)
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issue 4
3-11
EN
The lecture, which arises from concrete research done at the Institute of Bohemian Studies at Jihoceska univerzita, Ceske Budejovice, focuses on the possible methodological approaches in studying 19th-century Czech literature. Step-by-step, it recapitulates the way of the gradual creation of a methodological position, and at the same time illuminates the practical meaning of the instrumentalization of each individual theoretical postulate for literary historicism. The literary historicism is understood as an arbitrary algorithm, used in each step to define the point of view, the summary of the work tools and the terminological inventory. The goal is to liberate literary historicism from the constriction of the traditional, causal, linear understanding, yet at the same time prevent the break-down of the literary historical position in the windstorm of widely understood cultural studies.
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THE SYNOPTIC-PULSATORY MODEL OF CZECH LITERARY ROMANTICISM (Synopticko-pulzacni model ceskeho literarniho romantismu)

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Turecek D.
World Literature Studies
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2011
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vol. 3 (20)
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issue 1
25-38
EN
The article aims to construct an alternative model of the Czech Romanticism, based on the principle of the pulsation of cultural energies. This model of historical reconstruction, based on the idea of 'pulsation aesthetics' (Peter Zajac), helps us better understand the various connections and interactions between creative elements in the 19th century Czech culture and society. The author shows how this model works on several examples of visual and literary imagination in the 19th century. Crucial role is played here by the understanding of the cultural past as a result of a variety of artistic influences (the reception of German and English literature), important also for the 'patriotic' stream of the Czech Romantic Movement. The author further discusses several types of Romantic models in the 1830's and 1850's and their co-existence.
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Lori i miłość szalona. Karel Hynek Mácha i miłość romantyczna z perspektywy ponowoczesnej

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Car A.
Bohemistyka
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2011
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vol. 11
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issue 4
289-304
EN
The Authoress in her article examines the relationship between Karel Hynek Mácha and Lori Šomková. She concludes that, their relationship exceeded the bounds of standard romantic love. Evidence of that is prosaism and commonness of Lori as well as information contained in the letters of poet and his diary, in which he talks about erotic passion, jealousy, even some of emotional and sexual perversions.
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The Spectres of Mácha or Multilingualism as a Literary Canon

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Vörös I.
Bohemistyka
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2011
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vol. 11
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issue 4
251-266
EN
This essay is written for those who sometimes consider it their duty to be embarrassed. Embarrassment, ignorance and doubt are very important elements of understanding – they complement self-confidence and knowledge; like salt to flour, they are added ingredients, to make the dough tasty. The understanding that is reached in this way is, if we are to believe our own simile, tasty, enjoyable. It is enjoyment itself.
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O użyciu symboliki poetyckiej w czeskiej poezji międzywojennej. Spragnione lato (Žíznivé léto) i Pozdrowienie słońcu (Pozdravení slunci) Jana Zahradníčka

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Wiendl J.
Bohemistyka
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2012
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vol. 12
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issue 2
108-117
EN
This article is an attempt to indicate groups of lexical units omitted in bilingual Polish-Czech and Czech-Polish dictionaries. One of the groups is made up of the presented public notices i.e. warnings and bans constituting vital elements of the contemporary reality which they describe and provide language users with important information. The public notices analyzed in the article include fixed minitexts which are neglected in a bilingual dictionary and makes it impossible for a language user to find appropriate foreign counterparts. The article also contributes to the author’s considerations related to theoretical and practical issues connected with notation of public notices: methods of creating their dictionary entries, their graphical notation, application of relevant qualifiers, etc.
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Postmoderní rysy v české „umělecké” próze 90. let 20. století (na příkladu analýzy díla Jiřího Kratochvíla Medvědí román

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Jakovleva I.
Bohemistyka
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 2
85-92
EN
The author makes reference to migrant literature, available in the Czech Republic only after 1989. This literature remained under a strong influence of American philosophy and postmodern poetics, which the writers wanted to adapt to the native artistic, historical and literary processes. As a result there emerged the so called mass literature, whose main aim was, on the one hand, the fun the “average” reader could have (for instance the works of Z. Frýdová M. Nezval, B. Nesvadbová, P. Frýbort), but on the other hand, reaching intellectuals who had their own opinions concerning literary aesthetics (works such as Sedmikostelí by M. Urban or Podobojí by D. Hodrová). Simultaneously with the migrant literature there emerged works of art which could be placed between popular literature of comic character and high, grandeur literature (novels such as Výchova dívek v Čechach by M. Vievegh or Babičky by P. Šabach), addressed to readers with particular erudition. The problem is discussed in the article on the basis of Medvedí román by Jiří Kratochvíl).
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Faktografická literární výchova v české škole a její kritika

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Stohler U., Hník O.
Bohemistyka
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2013
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vol. 13
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issue 3
198 - 209
DE
Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit Theorien zur tschechischen Literaturdidaktik vom 19. Jahrhundert bis heute. Er zeigt auf, dass Kritik an einem so genannten 'faktographischen' Literaturunterricht, dessen Hauptgewicht auf der Vermittlung literaturgeschichtlicher Informationen lag, in literaturdidaktischen Studien konstant geäussert wurde. Gleichzeitig propagierten Didaktikerinnen und Didaktiker stets einen Literaturunterricht, der auf selbständiger Lektüre, lernenden-zentrierter Textarbeit und kreativen Aufgaben basierte. Dieser Widerspruch zwischen einem realen faktographischen und einem idealen literaturästhetischen Unterricht zieht sich durch verschiedenste Staatsformen und politische Regime, seien dies die Österreichisch-Ungarische Monarchie, die Erste Republik, das sozialistische Regime, die post-sozialistische Zeit, oder die kapitalistische.
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K eufonii německých básní Karla Hynka Máchy

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Viktora V.
Bohemistyka
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2011
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vol. 11
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issue 4
267-276
EN
Karel Hynek Mácha (1810–1836) became famous as an outstanding romantic poetic personality in reflections and description. He manager Czech poetic sordiny perfectly. These abilities also started to appear at the beginning of his poetic production written in German. The poem Poustevník is considered the top of that. Not only this poem but also the others use euphonical means of German masterfully and with the emphasis on their aesthetic function and meaning.
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VĚNEC POMNĚNEK. POSTURY ČESKÝCH AUTOREK VE ČTYŘICÁTÝCH LETECH 19. STOLETÍ

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Piorecká K.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2023
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vol. 70
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issue 4
335 – 348
EN
The idea of the woman writer in the Czech literary field of the first half of the 19th century was informed by the male mystifications of Czech women writers. In literary communication, their creators modelled female writers who never existed, invented their life stories and attributed to them the qualities they believed Czech women writers should possess. The first Czech circle of women patriots and writers then had to cope with this legacy. They used a variety of strategies to make their way: their debut collections of poems would refer to their fictional predecessors, they would work on the Czech encyclopaedia, combine writing with educational work, or smoke in public – the last of which was supposed to give the Czech author a George Sandian worldliness. To analyse their positions in the literary field of the first half of the 19th century, I use the term posture, which, following Alain Viala, the Swiss scholar Jérôme Meizoz understands as a unique way of taking a position in the literary field. In the context of history and language, the term posture has two dimensions: it is simultaneously defined as an act and as a discourse. On the one hand, it refers to self-representations within public discourses in literary situations, and on the other hand, it refers to the image itself given through discourse, which rhetoric refers to as ethos.
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Wkład Vladislava Vančury w rozwój czeskiej kinematografii

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Walczak M.
Bohemistyka
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2011
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vol. 11
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issue 2
133-140
EN
Authoress describes the meaning of Vladislav Vančura for the development of Czech cinematography, which was considered as a new art by him. She presents writer’s utterance about film and cinema contained in composition entitled Řád nové tvorby. Authoress emphasizes its novelty in approach to the cinematography, which is mainly based on an artistic experiment. She points on a fact that in the opinion of writer, film art is formed by many specialists like director, screenwriter, actor, literary critic, etc.
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PRVNÍ ŽENA, PRVNÍ HŘÍCH? PROMĚNY POJETÍ ARCHETYPU EVY V ČESKÉ POVÁLEČNÉ LITERATURE

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Střelec K.
Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie
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2017
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vol. 6
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issue 2
42 – 47
EN
The paper focuses on the literary characters named Eve in the post-war Czech literature. Eve represents according to the biblical creation myth one of the most noticeable archetypal characters, thus this name in a literary work implies the presence of the cultural tradition. On the basis of the analysis and the interpretation of the representative works (Vladimír Holan, Milan Kundera, Karel Šiktanc, Jan Balabán and other authors) the paper deals with the importance of the anthroponym in the perception of the character. The various shifts and modifications of the symbolism of the first woman and the original sin, connected to Eve, are discussed – both in the religious as well as in the profane meanings. Last but not least, the attention is paid to the literary references to the biblical Eve’s rebellion in Eden.
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Přechodníkové vazby v kronice Jana Norberta Zatočila z Loewenbrugku ve vydání z roku 1685 a 1819

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Klimes L.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
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2009
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vol. 132
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issue 3-4
379-395
EN
This paper deals with the participle constructions in the first edition (1685) of the chronicle of Jan Norbert Zatocil of Loewenbrugk (1630-1691), and with reflection and adopting of these constructions in the third edition of the same work (1819). The editor of the third edition, Vaclav Rodomil Kramerius, tried to adjust it to the state of the Czech language at that time, mainly with reference to the vocabulary, syntax and participle constructions. In the third edition, the number of these constructions increases considerably and the number of past participles grows in the first place, especially when one action is preceded by other. The constructions consisting of the clauses with different subjects appear only seldom in the third edition, which is due to the influence of Dobrovsky and Nejedly, although they are very frequent in the original edition of 1685.
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