Search results

1

Das deutsche und polnische verbale System im Vergleich – die Perspektive des Fremdsprachenunterrichts

100%

Staniewski P.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2022

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issue 21

473-480

EN

The review article discusses the book of Andrzej Kątny „Das Polnische im Spiegel des Deutschen. Studien zur kontrastiven Linguistik“. In the introductory part, the necessity to conduct comparative studies and the possible reasons for difficulties to lean a language which emerge from the interlingual differences – here between German and Polish – are pointed out. In the next part, the chapters of the book are dealt with in some details, whereas special attention has been paid to the first chapter, which addresses the problem and prominent role of contrastive linguistics for the foreign language teaching. Special attention has been also paid to the two following chapters, in which the author discusses the extremely relevant question of aspectuality. In the next part of the review article the following grammatical phenomena of the German and Polish verbal system are focussed on: tenses, passive voice, mood, modal verbs and the concept of assessment/judgement and the grammatical means of its verbalisation. Taking into consideration the objective of the book as didactic aid its main claims are discussed from the perspective of foreign language teaching.

2

Osvojovanie slovesnej lexiky v ranej ontogenéze reči / Werbs Acquisition in Early Childhood

100%

Slančová D.

Jazykovedný Casopis

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2013

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vol. 64

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issue 2

109-132

EN

The main aim of the study is to introduce a new method which has not been applied in the Slovak study of child language so far, and to answer 4 main research questions: (1) What is the development of understanding and production of verbs in early lexical development of Slovak-speaking children? (2) Are there any differences in verbs understanding and production between Slovak-speaking girls and boys? (3) What is the linguistic picture of the world given by incipient verbal lexicon of Slovak-speaking children? (4) Is there any difference between the linguistic picture of the world of Slovak-speaking girls and boys? The method is based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the lexical part of the Slovak version of CDI 1 Test of communicative abilities TEKOS 1: Words and gestures with 44 verbs in the part “actions and states”. Parents were asked to fill in the checklist and choose from three options: i) child understands and speaks, ii) understands, iii) does not understand The research sample consists of 323 girls and 330 boys in their age from 8 to 16 months. The results show the unanimous developmental trajectory in verbs acquisition in both, girls and boys. The differences shown in production in favor of girls in last two months are not statistically significant. The linguistic picture of the world is cognitively and semantically gender-universal, concentrated on corporeal concepts connected with social concept. The prototypical verbs in first 16 months of the age of the children are jesť (to eat) and dať (to give)

3

Wokół jednostki symbolicznej [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2 /czegoś] (studium semantyczno-kognitywne)

100%

Domogała A.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2016

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issue 21

271-283

EN

The paper describes the symbolic unit [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2/czegoś] in the cognitive perspective. The starting point for a semantic-cognitive analysis in the present sketch are uses of the phrase excerpted from texts from various registers of contemporary Polish. Importantly, the author describes both concretizations and metaphorical extensions of the prototypical occurrence of the analysed unit. Basing primarily on the assumptions of cognitive grammar, she attempts to reconstruct the mechanisms initiating the emergence of specific uses of the analysed symbolic unit. She conducts an analysis of the senses of the phrase [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2/czegoś] within the framework of three domains: 1. physical space, 2. temporal, and 3. mental, and using the theory of image schemas.

4

Co to jest życie? Preliminaria semantyczne

100%

Nowak T.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2012

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issue 1(7)

191-208

EN

The term used in the title has not so far been the subject of a more extensive linguistic reflection. The author of the paper aims at providing a disciplined description of lexical units containing the segment żyć with respect to their structure and meaning. The method of analysis is based on putting forward hypotheses in the form of analytical implications and subjecting them to falsification by bringing them down to contradiction. The content of the paper focuses on issues relating to reconstruction of the form of lexical units (on the basis of segment and supra-segment signals) and reconstruction of the hierarchy of meaningful components. In close relationship with the content of the analysed terms, also the notions wiedzieć ('to know') and robić ('to do/make') are discussed. The author tries to prove that those components belong to the semantic structure of the examined phrase; he also proposes a preliminary explication of meanings in the terms of natural semantic meta-language.

5

« Jean a attrapé la grippe et la balie » ou comment désambiguïser les mots sur l’exemple des verbes polonais

100%

Nadzieja B.

Annales Neophilologiarum

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2012

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issue 6

107-116

EN

The aim of the present article is to present a solution to the problem of lexical ambiguity. The ambiguity of lexical items caused by homonymy or homophony does not create any problems for the addressee of messages due to the fact that they are placed within a particular communicational and situational context. Such a context, however, is absent in machine translation (MT). In order to avoid ambiguity of Polish verbs listed for the purposes of the project “Communication Safety”, the specification of semantic roles describing the arguments of individual verbs has been drawn up. Their ambiguity was eliminated after determining the semantic roles of their arguments.

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie zagadnienia wieloznaczności leksykalnej. Przyczyną wieloznaczności jednostek leksykalnych jest m.in. występowanie homonimii oraz homofonii. Wieloznaczność jednostek leksykalnych nie stwarza problemów odbiorcy wiadomości dzięki umiejscowieniu ich w danym kontekście komunikacyjnym i sytuacyjnym, jednakże tego rodzaju kontekstu brakuje w tłumaczeniu maszynowym. Aby uniknąć wieloznaczności polskich czasowników użytych na potrzeby projektu „Bezpieczeństwo komunikacyjne”, sporządzono zestaw ról semantycznych opisujących argumenty pojedynczych czasowników. Dokładne ustalenie ról semantycznych argumentów ponad dwóch tysięcy polskich czasowników pozwoliło wykluczyć ich wieloznaczność.

6

Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskim

100%

Ostrowski N. I.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2014

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vol. 38

EN

Back-formation in the history of the Lithuanian prefixal verbsThis paper discusses the development of several Lithuanian prefixal verbs (su-bradžióti ‘to do a wrong thing’, iš-skìlti ‘to strike spark’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘to open / to close’, iš-réikšti ‘to express’, ap-àkti ‘to go blind’) and their relation to simplex forms (bradžióti ‘wade; do a wrong thing’, skìlti ‘to strike spark’, vérti ‘to thread; to prick; to open; to close’, réikšti ‘to express, to mean’, àkti ‘to go blind’). What these forms have in common is deprefixation, a kind of retrograde derivation exemplified by subradžióti → bradžióti. Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskimArtykuł omawia rozwój kilku czasowników prefigowanych w języku litewskim (su-bradžióti ‘czynić źle’, iš-skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘otwierać / zamykać’, iš-réikšti ‘wyrażać coś, znaczyć’, ap-àkti ‘oślepnąć’) oraz ich stosunek do form nieprefigowanych (bradžióti ‘brodzić; postępować źle’, skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, vérti ‘nawlekać; przebijać; otwierać; zamykać’, réikšti ‘wyrażać; mieć znaczenie’, àkti ‘ślepnąć’). Cechą wspólną omawianej grupy jest deprefiksacja, rodzaj derywacji wstecznej ilustrowanej przez parę su-bradžióti → bradžióti. W jej wyniku czasownik nieprefigowany rozszerza swój zasób znaczeń o nowe pojęcie, pierwotnie ograniczone tylko do czasownika przedrostkowego.

7

Rec.: Vera Mitrinović, Południe – Północ. Serbsko-polskie paralele językowe, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań 2012, 360 ss.

100%

Зельдович [Zel'dovich] Г. G.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

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2013

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vol. 48

8

Deprefiksacja czasownikowa w języku litewskim

100%

Ostrowski N. I.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2014

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vol. 38

172-181

EN

This paper discusses the development of several Lithuanian prefixal verbs (su-bradžióti ‘to do a wrong thing’, iš-skìlti ‘to strike spark’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘to open / to close’, iš-réikšti ‘to express’, ap-àkti ‘to go blind’) and their relation to simplex forms (bradžióti ‘wade; do a wrong thing’, skìlti ‘to strike spark’, vérti ‘to thread; to prick; to open; to close’, réikšti ‘to express, to mean’, àkti ‘to go blind’). What these forms have in common is deprefixation, a kind of retrograde derivation exemplified by subradžióti → bradžióti.

PL

Artykuł omawia rozwój kilku czasowników prefigowanych w języku litewskim (su-bradžióti ‘czynić źle’, iš-skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, at-vérti / už-vérti ‘otwierać / zamykać’, iš-réikšti ‘wyrażać coś, znaczyć’, ap-àkti ‘oślepnąć’) oraz ich stosunek do form nieprefigowanych (bradžióti ‘brodzić; postępować źle’, skìlti ‘rozpalać ogień’, vérti ‘nawlekać; przebijać; otwierać; zamykać’, réikšti ‘wyrażać; mieć znaczenie’, àkti ‘ślepnąć’). Cechą wspólną omawianej grupy jest deprefiksacja, rodzaj derywacji wstecznej ilustrowanej przez parę su-bradžióti → bradžióti. W jej wyniku czasownik nieprefigowany rozszerza swój zasób znaczeń o nowe pojęcie, pierwotnie ograniczone tylko do czasownika przedrostkowego.

9

Аналогия в процессе становления грамматической синонимии у глаголов в русском языке

100%

Колосова (Kolosova) Е. И. Y. I.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica

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2011

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vol. 07

EN

The article deals with the problem of grammar synonimics of Russian verbs like «алкать – алчет/алкает; рыкать – рыкает/рычет» (found in their present tense forms), including conditions and reasons, bringing such synonyms to life, and the ways in which they keep on being used in the language. One can consider this research to be actual due to its historical (diachronic) aspect: the analysis of forms is based on a wide historical material, fixed in vocabularies throughout the entire period from 11th to 20th century. The research results in a description of reasons, making grammar synonimics to appear at the verb forms level, and of means synonimic pairs are divided (separated) in speech.

10

Глагольное ударение в конце XX-го – начале XXI-го веков: характеристика изменений

100%

Вох (Woch) И. J.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica

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2012

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vol. 08

EN

The aim of the present paper is to discuss the problem of Russian word stress evolution within verb forms, which has been observed for the last twenty five years. There are certain groups of verbs, in which the word stress changes its place and this process can be caused by different tendencies (intralinguistic and extralinguistic). The stress variants can be observed in the monosyllabic verbs such as дать, пить, the short forms of participles or in the past tense forms. To show the changes in accentuation, the author of the article compares two orthoepic dictionaries, published at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century.

11

Representation of subjectively-evaluative derivates realization in modern Russian: verbal evaluatives

100%

Mizin K., Letiucha L., Petrov O.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2020

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vol. 1

387-395

EN

A verb, as one of the basic parts of speech, is the primary concern of derivation process-oriented studies. However, verb-based subjectively-evaluative derivatives have not been the object of research yet. The article discusses potential capacities of verbs to form subjectivelyevaluative derivatives on the level of derivation in modern Russian. To avoid terminological confusion and to distinguish axiological vs. derivational evaluation the latter is represented by the term evaluative. The study argues an unjustified idea that the suffix -ану- is an evaluative of subjective evaluation. These verbs are referred to the derivatives of objective evaluation. We have provided a set of factors for the classification of subjectively-evaluative verbal derivatives, according to which they were classified. The analysis of language and speech material has allowed us to find the ways evaluative verbs are formed and the register of word forming affixes as a means of representing category of evaluation in the morpheme and word forming structure of the word.

12

Die Aktionsart in der deutschen Sprache: Eine kategoriale Unterteilung

89%

López-Campos Bodineau R.

Forum Filologiczne Ateneum

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2020

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vol. 8

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issue 1

199-226

EN

The aim of this paper is to review some of the fundamental concepts concerning the widely discussed controversy on the mode of action in German. Specifically, the proposal articulates the traditional categories into two basic branches (actions of state / actions of change of state) subdividing the groups into the ingressive, durative and egressive dimensions of German verbs. The whole set is completed by an additional category called “iterative” which is shown by means of grammatical devices whose nature is not necessarily verbal.

DE

Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, einige der grundlegenden Konzepte im Zusammenhang mit der kontroversen Problematik der Aktionsart in der deutschen Sprache zu untersuchen. Konkret bedeutet dies den Vorschlag einer Gliederung der traditionellen Kategorien in zwei grundlegende Bereiche (Handlungen des Zustands/Handlungen des Zustandswechsels), die wiederum nach der ingressiven, durativen und egressiven Dimension der deutschen Verben unterteilt werden. All dies wird durch das Einbeziehen einer zusätzlichen, als „iterativ“ bezeichneten Kategorie vervollständigt, die mit Hilfe grammatikalischer Mittel, die nicht notwendigerweise verbaler Natur sind, zum Ausdruck gebracht wird.

13

Suppletivismus als lexikographisches Problem (am Beispiel von allgemeinen ein- und zweisprachigen Wörterbüchern)

88%

Bielińska M.

Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft

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2022

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vol. 11

7-32

EN

Suppletion is a linguistic phenomenon that is interesting from a linguistic-historical, linguistic-typological and foreign-language-didactic point of view because it concerns very frequently used lexemes. This article deals with suppletion from a lexicographical perspective. The focus is on the treatment of suppletive forms in monolingual and bilingual dictionaries of German and Polish. It examines which lemmatic and non-lemmatic items giving conjugational forms of the verbs sein and być occur in the selected dictionaries. The article attempts to show the connection between the treatment of the suppletive forms and the dictionary functions. It is also emphasized that a holistic analysis of suppletion in dictionaries should encompass many aspects.

14

Presentational capacity of English transitive verbs: On some semantic and FSP aspects of SEIZE

88%

Adam M.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2019

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vol. 29

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issue 2

178-191

EN

Even though a number of verbs, owing to their syntactic-semantic characteristics, tend to operate primarily in Presentation or Quality Scales respectively, most verbs generally appear to be capable of acting within both the scales. In authentic communication, the sentence perspective is determined by various criteria: apart from the relative “weightiness” of the postverbal modification, it is especially the context-independence of the subject along with the presentational capacity of the verb that plays a crucial role. This paper sets out to explore the syntactic and semantic qualities of the transitive verb seize. Making use of two large corpora, the proposed case study tries to delimit under what conditions seize tends to operate in one of the two dynamic semantic scales. Model sentences are contrasted in terms of their presentational/qualitative features with special regard to the phenomenon of subject — verb semantic affinity.

15

The Use of Verbs in Business E-Mail Communication – A Pragmalingu Istic Corpus Study

88%

Šiškovič M. N.

Jazykovedný Casopis

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2014

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vol. 65

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issue 1

23-35

EN

Corpus analyses conducted with the help of special tools have become more widely used in all areas of linguistics, including discourse analysis, genre analysis and pragmatics. The paper presents a pragmalinguistic research study of verbs, carried out on a specialized corpus of authentic correspondence of (chains of) Slovene business e-mails, Posle-pis. The corpus tools Oxford Wordsmith Tools 5.0 and Sketch Engine were used for analysis, and the research was followed by a comparison of language use with two Slovene reference corpora FidaPLUS and Gigafida. The study confirms the hypothesis that business discourse via e-mail has inherent characteristics that are shown through the frequency of use of certain verbs and verb forms. Certain forms were also identified which prove the conventionalized language use of business e-mail discourse.

16

A sierpień zawsze dojrzewa na drzewach. Ile jednostek języka reprezentuje kształt dojrzeć?

88%

Kruk D.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2014

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issue 11

53-68

EN

The aim of the article is to distinguish lexical units which are represented by the form of dojrzeć. Dictionaries of contemporary Polish language describe dojrzeć as polysemous unit. The author argues with these descriptions and attempts to define the number of syntactic positions of the analyzed units containing the form dojrzeć, as well as their selectional restrictions. As a result, three lexical units of the following form are distinguished: [ktoś] dojrzał do [czegoś], [ktoś] dojrzał, [coś] dojrzało.

17

O wybranych funkcjach trybu rozkazującego zwrotów frazeologicznych

88%

Witkowska K.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2019

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vol. 26

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issue 1

189-202

EN

The aim of this paper is to discuss several secondary problems related to the description of paradigms of Polish phraseological units with a verbal component, i.e. indication of the selected function of their imperative forms. The considerations focus on two general issues. Firstly, they present the possible contexts of using said phrases and, secondly, they verify the hypothesis that verbal phraseological units inherit the properties of verbs with regard to the possibility of occurrence in certain imperative form functions.

18

Analiza semantyczno-składniowa wybranych jednostek z segmentem wystarczy

88%

Linsztet B.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2016

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issue 13

173-199

EN

The paper presents the results of the analysis of the following lexical units with the word wystarczy: cośa wystarczyło, żeby p; cośa wsytarczyło do tego, żeby p; cośa wystarczyło komuśn do czegośb; wystarczyło, że q, a p. On the basis of the analysis of their valency and the conducted tests, the author states that all these lexical items imply that an event/a state of affairs caused another event/state of affairs and that someone, basing on their knowledge about the world, could think that this would not have happened. Further research has proven that two of those lexical units - cośa wystarczyło komuśn do czegośb, and cośa wystarczyło do tego, żeby p - imply, moreover, that an event/a state of affairs, caused by another event/state of affaits, was somehow desired. It has also turned out that the speaker using cośa wystarczyło komuśn do czegośb or wystarczyło, że q, a p, informs that the resultant event/state of affairs occurred right after the causative event/state of affairs.

19

Categoria verbale del tempo. Uno studio contrastivo italiano-romeno

88%

Popa C. F.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2020

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vol. 14

92-102

EN

In the analysis of grammatical terminology, we can identify a methodological description of the verbal category of tense common to both Italian and Romanian. That could be taken to account for the fact that these two languages feature the same main moods and tenses, but with some different nuances from the point of view of verbal or temporal aspect. Our study aims to present and analyse such differences between Italian and Romanian, with a major focus on those encountered in the verbal category of tense. The present paper is intended to view tense from the morphosyntactic vantage point (verbal tenses of the finite moods), with the lexical stance (adverbs, prepositional phrases) to be documented in subsequent research.

20

Тенденция к оптимальной организации системы видовых пара- дигм в русском языке

88%

Klimonov V.

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia

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2018

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issue 43

123-142

PL

The reorganization of the initial system of aspect paradigms in Old Russian is investigated within the framework of the theory of natural grammar. It is claimed, in accordance with this theory, that the grammatical changes in morphological systems of natural languages are determined by a limited set of typologically relevant markedness principles (naturalness principles or preference laws). These principles explain the attested diachrony of grammatical changes in the system of aspectual paradigms of the Russian verb and predict the general direction in its development. During the historical development of the system of aspectual paradigms in Russian, optimal iconic perfectivizing paradigms are ousting non-optimal countericonic imperfectivizing paradigms as well as non-optimal non-iconic aspectual syncretic paradigms. In contemporary Russian, aspectual paradigms of perfectivization are preferable in terms of competitive aspectual paradigms of imperfectivization and syncretic aspectual paradigms. The share of optimal paradigms of perfectivization is constantly increasing in modern Russian. Consequently, there is direct evidence for the development of the system of Russian aspect paradigms towards optimal organization of aspect paradigms, i.e. towards economy.

Refine search results

Das deutsche und polnische verbale System im Vergleich – die Perspektive des Fremdsprachenunterrichts

Osvojovanie slovesnej lexiky v ranej ontogenéze reči / Werbs Acquisition in Early Childhood

Wokół jednostki symbolicznej [ktoś1] dotknął [kogoś2 /czegoś] (studium semantyczno-kognitywne)