Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 6

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  retributive justice
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Miejsce sprawiedliwości naprawczej w polskim systemie karnym

100%
Silecka-Marek E.
Konińskie Studia Społeczno-Ekonomiczne
|
2021
|
vol. 7
|
issue 1
69-84
EN
Place of restorative justice in the Polish penal system This paper shows the conceptions of restorative justice against the background of the idea of general justice. The author indicates to the relationship between the retributive and restorative approaches. By analysing the literature on the subject matter and criminal law, the importance of restorative justice practices and profits that bring to the offender, victim of a crime and for the local community.
2
Content available remote

Kriminální komisař Richard Heidan (1893–1947) : Životní osudy posledního vedoucího gestapa v Olomouci

86%
Češík V.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
|
2018
|
vol. 26
|
issue 1
183-203
EN
This study aims to map the life story of Richard Heidan. This Gestapo official worked within Czech Lands territory over the whole period of the Nazi occupation. The study particularly focuses on the period between 1942 and 1945 when Heidan held the role of Head of the Gestapo’s Rural Office in Olomouc. Also outlined here the post-war investigation of him as part of retributive justice.
3
Content available remote

Vedoucí představitelé nacistické trestnice Mírov v letech okupace (1938–1945)

72%
Blatecká A.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
|
2018
|
vol. 26
|
issue 1
163-181
EN
This study gives an analysis of the leading officials working at the Nazi prison of Mírov during 1938-1945. Besides the personal life of prison officials, it also looks at their pre-war activities, political activities and their work at Mírov. The study particularly focuses on three figures – Augustin Mrha, Heinrich Brandstätter and Walter Bartl. Thus the study attempts to take a closer look at the history of the Mírov prison during the occupation period, and explain certain specific events which took place at Mírov, such as the prison’s transformation into an institute for prisoners suffering pulmonary disorders.
4
Content available remote

Trestné činy nezletilých souzené před Mimořádným lidovým soudem v Plzni: aplikace Velkého retribučního dekretu a Zákona o trestním soudnictví nad mládeží

72%
Trnka D.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
|
2025
|
vol. 33
|
issue 1
45-85
EN
This study examines post-war justice in Czechoslovakia, focusing on individuals who committed serious crimes as minors but were prosecuted as adults. Following World War II, Czechoslovakia aimed to address Nazi occupation consequences and punish related crimes using the Great Retribution Decree (No. 16/1945 Coll.). However, this decree did not apply to serious crimes committed by minors, for which the Juvenile Criminal Justice Act (No. 48/1931 Coll.) provided the legal framework. The Extraordinary People’s Court in Pilsen handled many such cases, balancing retributive justice with the offenders’ age and maturity at the time of the crime. This study, through detailed archival research including court files and verdicts, explores these processes’ legal and social aspects. It examines the perception and handling of minor crimes, key evidence, testimonies, and imposed punishments, offering valuable insights into post-war justice in Czechoslovakia.
5

Toward New Focus on Retributive Justice. Reflections on Background of Passive Subject of Crime

58%
Smarzewski M.
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
|
2015
|
vol. 25
|
issue 4
69-90
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę nowego spojrzenia na retrybutywizm. Punkt wyjścia dla prezentowanej idei stanowi koncepcja biernego podmiotu przestępstwa. Wydaje się bowiem, że retrybutywizm wobec wyczerpania środków do jego argumentacji wymaga nowej podbudowy. Stąd postuluje się zestawienie teorii retrybutywnego karania z koncepcją podkreślającą znaczenie ofiary przestępstwa w jej materialnoprawnym ujęciu. Prawo karne potrzebuje uzasadnienia dla publicznej reakcji, którą stanowi kara z uwzględnieniem pomiotu biernego, tj. tego, czyje dobra prawne, będące przedmiotem ochrony norm prawa karnego materialnego, zostały bezpośrednio naruszone lub zagrożone przez przestępstwo. To ofiara cierpi wskutek przestępstwa i dlatego też wymaga szczególnego podejścia, zwłaszcza ze strony odpowiednich organów państwowych. Jednocześnie jest ona podmiotem, który może posiadać istotne znaczenie w kontekście ustalenia tego, na co sprawca zasługuje, także w perspektywie sądowego wymiaru kary. Ofiara przestępstwa jest więc istotnym czynnikiem, abstrahując nawet od kompensacyjnej funkcji prawa karnego. Kluczowe miejsce w tym kontekście zajmuje koncepcja biernego podmiotu przestępstwa, która może zostać zestawiona spójnie z retrybutywizmem. Nie jest ona bowiem względem niego teorią sprzeczną, a wręcz przeciwnie, w wielu aspektach pozostaje z nią zbieżna i stanowi istotne dopełnienie, niejednokrotnie kluczowe dla uzasadnienia sensu retrybutywnego karania.
XX
This paper supports the attempt undertaken by its author to take a fresh look at criminal justice in relation to retributivism and conceptual framework of a passive subject of a crime is the starting point for any related consideration, for it seems that retributivism needs new grounds when measures of argument strength are no longer feasible. Therefore, it is postulated to juxtapose the theory of retributive punishment with a victim of a crime in its substantive perspective. However, the criminal law requires reasonable grounds for public response being punishment, not losing sight of a subject whose legal goods are protected by norms of the criminal law but have been directly infringed or imperilled by an offence. After all, it is a victim who suffers in effect of an offence, thus requiring a special approach, especially on the part of relevant public authorities. At the same time, a victim is a subject who may be significant in the context of determination of what an offender deserves, and therefore in the perspective of judicial punishment, too. So, a victim is an important factor, even if we disregard the compensation function of the criminal law. The conceptual framework of a passive subject of a crime, that may be consistently juxtaposed with retributivism, has been specifically highlighted in this paper. This conceptual framework is not contradictory to retributivism, on the contrary, in many respects it is consistent with retributivism and serves the grounds for retributive punishment.
6
Content available remote

Udavačství jako sociální jednání: případ hostinského Františka Policara

58%
Mrňka J.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
|
2024
|
vol. 31
|
issue 1
166-192
EN
The phenomenon of denunciation in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia represented the core of the post-war “national cleansing” process, yet it is still insufficiently researched and also highly controversial. It was a product of both the Nazi occupation and of Czechoslovak retributive justice. The denunciations took many forms and had many individual motives, and their assessment by the extraordinary people’s courts reflected a keen desire to separate collaborators from resistance fighters and loyal citizens. Thousands of people faced similar charges in the courts at the time, and hundreds were sentenced to long prison terms or to death by hanging. On the basis of the writings of the extraordinary people’s courts in the broader context of the social conduct within the conditions of the dictatorship and the post-war efforts to restore justice, the author reconstructs the case of the innkeeper František Policar (1898–1945), which served as an instance of exemplary retribution to all collaborators in the Pelhřimov region. Policar ran an inn in the small town of Dolní Cerekev in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, which he used to create a network of Nazi collaborators during the occupation, and, as an agent of both the Gestapo and the Security Service (Sicherheitsdienst, SD), engaged in conspiratorial actions against the resistance. This activity, along with his denunciations of fellow citizens, resulted in the death and imprisonment of a number of people and eventually earned Policar the death penalty in the autumn of 1945. According to the author, Policar’s main motivation for his actions was a short-sighted desire to quickly improve his own social status, both by acquiring a greater fortune and by taking a more important role in the local community, accompanied by the idea of his own superiority, which also made him blindly believe in the certain victory of the Third Reich. Such life strategies became a key part of the assertion of the Nazi occupation power, but in Protectorate society they were as exceptional a choice as heroic resistance. This case study attempts to capture the fine line of denunciation as a purposeful social action, insofar as the surviving archival material allows.
CS
Fenomén udavačství v Protektorátu Čechy a Morava představoval jádro procesu poválečné „národní očisty“, přesto je však dosud nedostatečně prozkoumaný a také značně kontroverzní. Byl totiž jak produktem nacistické okupace, tak československé retribuční justice. Udávání mělo mnoho podob a individuálních motivů a do jeho posuzování mimořádnými lidovými soudy se promítala vyostřená snaha oddělit kolaboranty od odbojářů a věrných občanů. Před soudy tehdy podobnému obvinění čelily tisíce osob, z nichž stovky byly odsouzeny k dlouholetým trestům odnětí svobody, nebo dokonce na šibenici. Případ hostinského Františka Policara (1898–1945), který autor rekonstruuje na základě spisů mimořádných lidových soudů v širších souvislostech sociálního jednání v podmínkách diktatury a poválečného úsilí o restituci spravedlnosti, posloužil jako exemplární odplata všem kolaborantům na Pelhřimovsku. Policar provozoval hostinec v maloměstě Dolní Cerekev na Českomoravské vysočině, který za okupace sloužil k vytváření sítě nacistických spolupracovníků, a jako agent gestapa i Bezpečnostní služby (Sicherheitsdienst – SD) se zapojil do konspiračních akcí proti odboji. Tato činnost spolu s udáváním spoluobčanů měla za následek smrt a věznění řady lidí a na podzim 1945 vynesla Policarovi trest smrti. Hlavní motivací jeho jednání byla podle autora krátkozraká touha po rychlém zlepšení vlastního společenského postavení, jak získáním většího jmění, tak zaujetím důležitější role v místní komunitě. Doprovázela ji představa o vlastní nadřazenosti, díky níž také slepě uvěřil v jisté vítězství třetí říše. Podobné životní strategie se staly klíčovou součástí prosazování nacistické okupační moci, v protektorátní společnosti byly ovšem srovnatelně výjimečnou volbou jako hrdinný odboj. Tato případová studie se pokouší zachytit tenkou hranici udavačství jako cíleného sociálního jednání, nakolik to dochovaný archivní materiál dovoluje.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.