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1

Trade within vertically and horizontally differentiated industries on the milk market of the European Union

100%
Ferto I.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2006
|
vol. 53
|
issue 6
526-539
EN
The paper examines bilateral intra-industry trade (IIT) in the EU dairy products industry in 1993-2000, disentangling vertical from horizontal IIT and analysing the determinants of both IIT types. The results lend support to the contention that there are different determinants for horizontal and for vertical IIT. The GDP per capita variables show mainly expected and significant signs. The regression results are robust for different specifications and when alternative values to separate horizontal from vertical IIT are considered.
2

DETERMINANTS OF PRO-ECOLOGICAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES

80%
Kasztelan A.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2007
|
issue 2(135)
117-127
EN
The food industry is one of the most serious sources of environmental pollution in Poland. The process of production of food articles, which entails the use of various raw materials, various auxiliary materials and technologies, leads to the generation of a number of pollutants in the form of solid and liquid wastes, dusts and gases. It should be noted that the condition of the natural environment has a decisive meaning for the production of food and, in particular, for the quality of food because food free from chemical impurities can be produced only in an uncontaminated environment. It is an important task, therefore, to determine conditions which stimulate food processing enterprises to launch pro-ecological ventures, and to identify barriers encountered in the process of implementation of these ventures. In order to analyse the aspects presented above surveys covering food processing enterprises active in Lubelskie voivodeship were carried out in March-August 2006. The results of the conducted surveys proved that legal regulations pertaining to environmental protection had the strongest influence on the enterprises' decisions to launch pro-ecological efforts. In turn, the difficulties or barriers to the implementation of pro-ecological ventures most frequently indicated by the respondents were: problems with setting aside means needed to finance such investments, the necessity to pay back credits and loans drawn for the implementation of pro-ecological investments, and growth in the current cost of operation of newly installed devices serving the protection of the natural environment.
3

Contract relations in the food economy. Empirical research into the milk-market supply

80%
Szabo G. G., Bardos K.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2007
|
vol. 54
|
issue 5
459-480
EN
Spot markets sometimes fail to govern the whole or part of the marketing channel effectively, and contractual relations are gaining more importance. This applies especially to agricultural markets, which have become more differentiated, while market players are vulnerable in most cases. The aims of our research are to present a theoretically structured framework for the contracting arrangements of milk producers, based on Transaction Cost Economics predictions and an empirical analysis of the key determinants of governance structure between farmers and dairy processors in Hungary. The source of the research is a theoretical argument based partly on a review of Hungarian and international literature on relevant market channels, and the economics of contracting and governance structures. These give theoretical determinants of testable prepositions. A postal survey of milk producers was carried out in the second quarter of 2005. Altogether 300 questionnaires containing closed and open questions were sent out to milk producers, and 68 responses could be evaluated. The results were structured and electronically converted for SPSS software. The data was analysed by multivariate techniques (cluster analysis, linear regression, multidimensional scaling, etc). The seven hypotheses were grouped into three sections: those related to governance structure, contract features, and bargaining power/cooperation. The findings from the empirical research were that two of the hypotheses had to be rejected and all the others accepted.
4

ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE OPERATION OF FOOD PROCESSING ENTERPRISES IN LUBELSKIE PROVINCE (Ekonomiczno-ekologiczne aspekty funkcjonowania przedsiebiorstw przemyslu spozywczego w województwie lubelskim)

80%
Kasztelan A., Kierepka-Kasztelan A.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2009
|
issue 2(143)
152-162
EN
The article, on one hand, presents the food industry's impact on the natural environment and, on the other hand, describes the results of efforts to analyse the food industry's outlays on investments connected with environmental protection, basing on research conducted with the help of questionnaires. The research covered the food processing enterprises of the Lubelskie province. The surveyed enterprises, which are dispersed and characterised by a high degree of fragmentation, have a strong influence on the level of pollution in the region. This compels the food sector's entities to engage in environmental projects. In the analysed period the value of the sector's pro-ecological investments grew four times. These investments were most frequently financed from the food industry's own resources which accounted for more than a half of the expended amounts. Investments in waste-water management and investments in the protection of waters have the highest share in the structure of implemented pro-ecological ventures - both in terms of quantity and value. A division of the investments by type shows, however, that 'end-of-pipe' investments, that is investments which limit the emission of the generated pollutants, are still dominating.
5

INVESTMENT OUTLAYS ON ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION BY FOOD AND TOBACCO INDUSTRIES IN POLAND AND SELECTED EU COUNTRIES

80%
Kasztelan A., Kierpecka-Kasztelan A.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2005
|
issue 4(129)
124-138
EN
One of the major sources of the natural environment's contamination in Poland is production carried out by the food industry. The process of production of food articles, during which various raw materials, auxiliary materials and technologies are used, leads also to the creation of pollutants. It becomes important, therefore, to define the degree of involvement of the food industry's entities in pro-ecological activities. Hence, the authors have undertaken an attempt at analysing the scope and structure of investment outlays on environmental protection by the food sector in Poland and selected countries of the European Union. In recent years Poland and Sweden have been characterised by diminishing outlays on environmental protection, whereas in the Czech Republic pro-ecological expenditures have risen. However, in per capita terms the largest amounts were allocated to environmental protection by Swedish enterprises – EUR 2.10 yearly, and the smallest amounts were allocated by Polish enterprises - less than EUR 0.50 yearly. The annual index for Czech enterprises was EUR 1.20. In 2000-2002 Poland was characterised by the lowest share of integrated investments (approximately 30%). The structure of investment outlays was the most favourable in Sweden where investments in the prevention of pollution accounted for nearly a half of all environmental investments. An analysis of the directions of investment efforts suggests that outlays on the protection of air and climate had a dominating share in the overall environmental investments only in Sweden. In the remaining countries outlays on waste water disposal and protection of waters had a dominating share in the total environmental investments.
6
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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FINANCIAL LIQUIDITY OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY IN POLAND (Czynniki ksztaltujace plynnosc finansowa przedsiebiorstw przemyslu spozywczego w Polsce)

80%
Golas Z., Bieniasz A., Czerwinska-Kayzer D.
|
2010
|
vol. 6
|
issue 3
11-25
EN
The article presents the results of the analysis of the factors influencing the financial liquidity of the enterprises of food industry in Poland in 2005-2008. The analysis used the proposal to a causal relationship factors influencing the liquidity, where the level of financial liquidity is determined by the structure of assets, rotation of the current liabilities and the financing strategy.
7

MARKETING GROUPS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AS A DETERMINANT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (Marketingowe grupy producentów rolnych jako determinanta rozwoju obszarów wiejskich)

70%
Chorob R.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2010
|
issue 2(147)
158-172
EN
The paper seeks to determine the influence and the significance of marketing activities in the processes of agriculture's integration with the food industry. It presents brief descriptions of marketing groups as examples of the integration of agricultural producers. In the sphere of agriculture's integration with the food industry marketing plays a double role: firstly, it integrates vertically, strengthening the ties, and, secondly, it supports the strategy of achieving a market success which is indispensable to ensure sufficient advantages, attractive to the interested parties. In a vertically integrated system in which the leading role is played by the food industry marketing creates conditions for market expansion, diminishes the barrier to the sale of agricultural products, improves and stabilizes the profitability of production, reducing the income insufficiency of agricultural farms, provides information about the needs of the consumers of food articles and facilitates the adoption of strategic decisions. The formation of producer (marketing) groups, especially in the conditions of fragmented agriculture, is advantageous not only to the agricultural producers themselves but also to the food processing enterprises and the entire wholesale and retail trade network.
8

EXPLORING THE CAUSAL LINKS BETWEEN ESG, R&D, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THE US TECHNOLOGY AND FOOD COMPANIES

70%
Boğa Şahín S., Bozkurt G., Tatli H. S., Gillpatrick T.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2025
|
vol. 73
|
issue 3-4
99 – 120
EN
This study examines the causal relationships between ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) compliance, R&D expenditures, and financial performance in the technology and food sectors in the US. A panel dataset from 2012 – 2021 from the Thomson Reuters database was analysed for 12 food and 18 technology companies. The findings show that there are different causal relationships between sectors. While R&D investments in the technology sector positively affect firm performance by increasing ESG compliance, firm performance in the food sector directs ESG compliance, encouraging R&D investments. The study emphasizes that sectoral differences should be considered in sustainability and R&D strategies and guides policymakers and managers to develop approaches appropriate to the dynamics of the sector.
9

Osoblyvosti sotsial'no-ekonomichnoho mekhanizmu upravlinnya trudovym potentsialom pidpryyemstv kharchovoyi promyslovosti

51%
Sherep A. V., Dashko I. M.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2012
|
vol. 4 (58)
88-93
EN
In the article the features of socio-economic mechanism of management are exposed by labour potential of enterprises of food industry. Certain organizational approaches and methodology of research of labour potential of enterprise. Worked out to recommendation in relation to overcoming of existent problems of economic development of enterprises of food industry.
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