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1

Paula Ricoeura hermeneutyka symboli. Próba prezentacji)

100%
Michałowski D.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2012
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vol. 40
|
issue 3
91 - 114
EN
The article is an attempt to understand the Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of symbols. According to him the world of symbols is the key to understanding existence. This is testified by three areas of modern thought: Freud’s psychoanalysis, the phenomenology of religion, and poetry. All of them show that only through symbols are we able to touch the riddle of reality and the mystery of existence. However, what symbols reveal is not conclusive; they simultaneously show and cover up, pointing to different and contradictory values and meanings. Thus one of the most important problems are conflicting interpretations. Phenomenology and psychoanalysis offer a suggestive example in this context: for phenomenology symbols lead to truth, while for psychoanalysis they lie and mask. Which interpretation is correct? According Ricoeur we should accept both, understanding that both explain the paradox of being.
2

THE SYMBOLISM OF THE TREE OF LIFE AS AN EXAMPLE OF 'A DIALOGUE OF CULTURES' IN THE POETRY OF VIACHESLAV IVANOV

100%
Stawinoga E.
Slavia Orientalis
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2005
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vol. 54
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issue 3
369-386
EN
The authoress proposes a symbolic and contextual interpretation of the theme of the Tree of Life as shown in Viacheslav Ivanov's works. The analysis pertains to a poem from 'Rimskii dnevnik 1944 goda' poetic cycle, beginning with the words: 'Nishodiat v dushu liki chuzhdykh sil ...'. On this poem the author based his examination of the problem of 'the dialogue of cultures', characteristic of the whole literary output of the poet. The above mentioned symbol becomes 'decoded', which reveals its polysemanticity, the initial layer, where Yggdrasill is discussed beside other layers referring to the biblical trees: the Tree of Life, the Tree of Knowledge, and the Tree of Christ's cross.
3
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Uwagi na temat metafory i symbolu

100%
Dobosz A.
Filo-Sofija
|
2007
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vol. 7
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issue 7
EN
The article deals with the problem whether the metaphor considered from historical and logical perspective precedes the symbol as a linguistic phenomenon. The problem is analyzed in the context of Paul Ricoeur’s symbolism of evil, related to the relevant metaphors of evil. The author disagrees with Ricoeur and claims that “metaphors of evil” precede symbols of evil. No symbol of evil contains more than is already contained in a corresponding metaphor. Without metaphors of evil symbols of evil would not have emerged.
4

DEVELOPMENTAL TENDENCIES OF THE RIGHT-WING RADICALISM IN UKRAINE

100%
Stryapko I.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
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2011
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vol. 4
|
issue 2
16 – 34
EN
The essay “Ideology as a cultural system” (Clifford Geertz) shapes scientific thinking about ideology for several past decades. In order with Geertzs notion, ideology represents symbolic system. We should understand this system in order with the rules of symbolic expression. My objection towards this notion lies in the argument that this is non-adequate if we don’t know what is just symbolized. The matter of misunderstanding lies in non-adequate definition of the object; in other words, in non-adequate definition of what ideology is.
5
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Niektóre pojęcia i problemy etnolingwistyki lubelskiej

100%
Bartmiński J.
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
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2006
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vol. 18
77-90
PL
Etnolingwistyka rozwija się w Polsce dwoma nurtami: jeden tworzą badania o nastawieniu socjologicznym i ekologicznym, drugi – antropologicznym i kognitywnym. Autor prezentuje drugi z tych nurtów. W artykule zestawia i opatruje wskazówkami bibliograficznymi kluczowe pojęcia wypracowane w latach 1975–2005 w kręgu lubelskich etnolingwistów w związku z przygotowywanym i częściowo już zrealizowanym słownikiem stereotypów i symboli ludowych. Są to pojęcia takie, jak konotacja i kulturowe rozumienie znaczenia słowa, definicja kognitywna, stereotyp jako potoczne wyobrażenie przedmiotu, językowy obraz świata, punkt widzenia i perspektywa, faseta, profilowanie i rama doświadczeniowa, podmiot, który doświadcza, konceptualizuje i werbalizuje. Podkreśla się związki lubelskiej etnolingwistyki zarówno z tradycją etnolingwistyki amerykańskiej, jak też z moskiewską szkołą etnolingwistyczną.
EN
The practice of ethnolinguistics in Poland is two-pronged: sociological and ecological on the one hand, anthropological and cognitive on the other. The author represents the latter trend. In the article he juxtaposes and supplements with bibliographical information the key concepts elaborated by the Lublin ethnolinguists, between 1975 and 2005, in relation to 'Slownik stereotypów i symboli ludowych' (A Dictionary of Folk Stereotypes and Symbols), partly published, partly in preparation. The concepts include: the connotation and cultural meaning of a word, cognitive definition, stereotype as a folk image of an entity, linguistic worldview, point of view and perspective, facet, profiling and experiential frame, the experiencing, conceptualizing and speaking subject. Emphasis is put on the connections between the Lublin ethnolinguistics and the American and Moscow ethnolinguistic traditions.
6

OD FREUDOVEJ PSYCHOANALÝZY K FILOZOFICKEJ PATOLÓGII KULTÚRY

100%
Kyslan P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2023
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vol. 78
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issue 6
474 – 491
EN
Although psychoanalysis is losing its influence in diagnostic and clinical practice and is often marginalized, it remains influential in psychology, psychiatry, psychotherapy, and the humanities. Toward the end of his career, Sigmund Freud moved from clinical practice to a philosophical diagnosis of culture and predicted that in the future someone would decide to venture into the pathology of cultural communities. The paper, focusing on the possibilities of applying psychoanalytic approaches to cultural phenomena, is based on Freud’s assumption that all cultural reality is constructed by the psyche of individuals, and that is why culture can be analysed and diagnosed as human consciousness and unconsciousness. The text focuses on the issue of symbols and symbolism and their direct and massive transfer of notions and concepts, which originate in individual psychology, to the field of mass psychology, that is, to a vast territory including society, culture, civilization, and the masses.
7

“HE FLEW ON WINGS OF SLAVONIC FEELING TO SERBIA TO HELP THE SERBS IN 1915”. THE SYMBOLIC INSTRUMENTALIZATION OF M.R. ŠTEFÁNIK AND SLAVONIC COMMUNITY AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE INTER-STATE RELATIONS OF THE TIME

100%
Macho P.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2016
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vol. 64
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issue 5
809 – 843
EN
The study analyses the symbolic instrumentalization of the national hero M.R. Štefánik in the context of the modified form of Slavonic community in the 20th century. In the inter-war period, the symbol of Štefánik was used to strengthen the Czechoslovak – Yugoslav alliance on the basis of Slavonic brotherhood. The political representatives of independent Slovakia and Croatia during the Second World War refused to build their inter-state relations on the basis of Slavonic community. From the point of view of Zagreb, Štefánik appeared pro-Serb and pro-Yugoslav, so he was an undesirable symbol for the Croats. Emphasis on the strong Slavonic and Serbophil identity of Štefánik became an instrument for Slovak opposition oriented circles to articulate their resistance to the Ľudák regime and the Slovak state.
8

MAGIC AND FUNCTIONS OF NEPHRITE IN THE CHINESE CULTURE (FROM THE NEOLITHIC TIMES TO THE QING DYNASTY PERIOD (Magia i funkcje nefrytu w kulturze chinskiej (od neolitu po czasy dynastii Qing)

88%
Macioszek A.
Przegląd Orientalistyczny
|
2010
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issue 1-2 (232-233)
41-56
EN
An inconspicuous stone called nephrite since the Neolithic times of the Yangshao culture has been very important in the Chinese culture. Even though nephrite and jadeite belong to one family called 'jade', they differ in hardness. Nephrite performed many functions in the Chinese culture, the most important among them are: symbolic and protective. Polishing the hard stone for the Confucianists was like teaching a person. As a symbol of immortality, nephrite had ceremonial and connected with burial functions. Different shapes of bi discs were made and placed on the heart of the deceased. Some cong tubes were presumably placed in the tomb and burned, whereas others close to the body. Nephrite objects were important during the burial and supposed to cause body conservation and immortality. Beside cong and bi, there were other objects placed on the bodies, such as: cicadas, pieces of polished stone placed in the hands, nephrite clothes and plugs or covers for the nine body cavities. There are also useful and decorative functions of nephrite. Objects made of nephrite served for everyday use as well as for decoration. Some pieces of armament and arms were made of this stone. Due to its special place in the Chinese culture and the increasing demand for objects made of it, nephrite soon began to be imitated in the celadon glaze.
9

IDEOLÓGIA AKO SYMBOLICKÝ ALEBO AKO VÝZNAMOVÝ SYSTÉM? REFLEXIA GEERTZOVHO POŇATIA IDEOLÓGIE AKO KULTÚRNEHO SYSTÉMU

88%
Krpala K.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
|
2011
|
vol. 4
|
issue 2
35 – 49
EN
The essay “Ideology as a cultural system” (Clifford Geertz) shapes scientific thinking about ideology for several past decades. In order with Geertzs notion, ideology represents symbolic system. We should understand this system in order with the rules of symbolic expression. My objection towards this notion lies in the argument that this is non-adequate if we don’t know what is just symbolized. The matter of misunderstanding lies in non-adequate definition of the object; in other words, in non-adequate definition of what ideology is.
10

Wizerunek i symboliczny wymiar cielesności kobiecej w poezji Walerija Briusowa. Ciało kobiety mitycznej

88%
Gozdek A.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
|
2011
|
vol. 153
309-316
EN
In the article, two poems which have the same title Hymn to Aphrodite written by Valery Bryusov in 1912 and 1920 were analyzed and interpreted. The important place in both texts takes mythopoetical figure of the Greek Goddess of love and beauty. In the first poem the author shows Aphrodite as a sculpture made of white marble, which is a carnal human creature at the same time. Each element of her body is a sign: her eyes — watch and see, her lips — express the truth and prophesy, her legs — support the universe, her knees — demand a bow from a man. On the one hand Aphrodite-the Love has somatic dimension, on the other — under her carnal form the depth and mystical secret are hidden. The poet warns against the shallow sensual perception of love. In the second Bryusov’s text, Aphrodite as a personification of love/passion gathers the features of higher creature, and her body becomes the same as the body of the universe: it is scattered in the nature and gives it shape and form. The analysis of both poems written by the Russian decadent shows that it is through carnality that the motive of passion which is pivotal for the poet’s creation is realized. The passion is strong and at the same time tearful, but it is worthy of worship and respect.
11
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Sytuacja komunikacyjna w kulturze archaicznej a symboliczność komunikacji

88%
Kulczycki E.
Filo-Sofija
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2012
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vol. 12
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issue 1(16)
39-52
EN
The purpose of the present paper is to discuss several consequences of the phenomenon of communication from the perspective of philosophy of culture and communication theory. Apart from the purely communicative and philosophical issues, the article touches upon the questions that concern the origin of metaphysical thinking in ancient Greek culture. The article is an attempt at showing conditions which have to be fulfilled to achieve basis for philosophical reflection about communication. The paper consists of three main sections: the first one examines the two levels of the reconstruction of communicative situation in the Archaic culture, the second considers the origin of a symbol and the fusion of thought and action, whereas the third section presents a philosophical perspective on the genesis of the metaphysical thinking and symbolic communication. The most important conclusion to be drawn here is that communication can be understood as a non-symbolic process.
12
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KULTÚRNY SYMBOL A JEHO SCÉNICKÁ TRANSFORMÁCIA. ŠALOM ALEJCHEM – MIER S VAMI

88%
Hudecová I.
Slovenské divadlo (Slovak Theatre)
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2024
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vol. 72
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issue 2
165 – 178
EN
This study focuses on the meaning of cultural symbols in the Šalom Alejchem – mier s vami [Shalom Aleichem – Peace be upon you] (2000) production created by the puppeteer and designer Ivan Martinka. By analysing the scenes, the author points not only the originality of the theatrical techniques but also the importance of the aspects of Jewish culture that the audience can perceive at the level of cultural symbols. At the same time, she ponders whether the cultural symbols of Jewish culture present in the production can be viewed as a plausible depiction of Jewish symbolism and whether there are certain parallels between the poetics of Ivan Martinka and the works of the painter Marc Chagall.
13

BODY, ILLNESS AND SYMBOL IN ERNST CASSIRER

88%
Esparza Urzúa G. A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2024
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vol. 79
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issue 4
365 – 379
EN
The aim of this paper is to study Cassirer’s philosophy of the body, and some of its foundations developed in the report entitled “Pathology of Symbolic Consciousness.” It details how patients with cerebral aphasia and apraxia are characterized by a loss of symbolization abilities in the performance of operational tasks, as well as in their linguistic performance, which translates into a decrease in the ability to create cultural meaning. These cases allow one to evaluate the definition of the human being as a “symbolic animal” that is presented in An Essay on Man. An interpretative reading of both works is proposed to underline the role of the body in the development of (a) the symbolic formation process and (b) cultural development.
14

PROCESJE, DOŻYNKI, FESTIWALE... CYKLICZNE FORMY DZIAŁALNOŚCI LUDOWYCH ZESPOŁÓW ŚPIEWACZYCH W POLSCE

75%
Kasprzyk D.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2017
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vol. 24
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issue 2
48 - 61
EN
In 2015 Wrocław foundation "Ważka" in cooperation with some Polish scientific institutions organized a project: "Local folk groups – an ethnographic laboratory". The project was financed by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage. The organizers studied 96 folk groups active in Rural Women's Circles in 4 voivodships. It was established that their activities concentrate round periodical events, mainly official ones such as local harvest festivals, historic anniversaries, annual reviews etc. Some of them accompany church holidays: Easter, Christmas, Corpus Christi. Folk groups' activities are also connected with local initiatives of various organizations and local celebrations. The periodical character of these activities triggers specific preparations and determines the repertoire as well as the division of duties among group members.
15

Поетика тіла в українських народних піснях

75%
Koniewa J.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
489-495
EN
In Yaroslava Koneva’s article Poetics of the body in Ukrainian folk songs (comparative research) the author considers corporeal semiosis of the space as well as analyses the body on the level of symbols, metaphors and allegories in erotic songs of the Ukrainians, Polish, Russians and Bulgarians.
16
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IMAGE OF THE OTHER AS A REFLECTION OF CULTURAL IDENTITY (A CASE STUDY OF RUSSIAN POSTMODERN PROSE AND DRAMATURGY)

75%
Merezhynska G., Vasylevych O.
World Literature Studies
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2023
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vol. 15
|
issue 1
58 – 68
EN
This article examines the strategies for creation of the images of the Other and the One-of-Us as exemplified in postmodern prose and dramaturgy (Evgenii Grishkovets’ drama Zapiski russkogo puteshestvennika [Notes of a Russian traveler], 2011; Maria Arbatova’s dramatic travelogue Po doroge k sebe [Eng. trans. On the Road to Ourselves, 1998], [1992] 1999; Vladimir Tuchkov’s hypertext novel “Russkii I Tszin” [Russian I Ching], 2009; Valerii Kislov’s comical treatise “Kratkii kurs u-vei” [A short course on wu wei], 2009). The close attention to the images of the East and the West and emphasis placed on similarities and differences with the Russian worldview is driven by the transitional character of Russian culture and its search for identity. The dominant strategy emerges in reviewing the outdated images of the Other and the One-of-Us. By creating these images, the authors employ a range of strategies: demythologization/mythologization, inversion, and apophatics. The common intention of the works lies in promoting cultural dialogue.
17
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INDEX AND ICON, METAPHOR AND METONYMY IN MUSIC

75%
Guczalski K.
Muzyka
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2005
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1(196)
31-55
EN
Analyses of the meaning of music frequently attempt to use theoretical concepts borrowed from other branches of learning - semiotics, linguistics or literary theory, - such as the concepts of symbol, index, iconic sign, metaphor, metonymy and others. The article demonstrates examples of erroneous usage of the concepts of the index and iconic sign in analysis of vocal music, and the doubtful value of using the concept of metaphor in relation to musical meanings. It shows that the typical, frequently quoted examples of claimed indexical signs in music are not true indices, and that the latter are totally absent from the significant meanings of music. On the other hand, the concept of metonymy (which, although related to it, is not an index), applied carefully, may be used to describe some meanings in music, but does not seem to have great explanatory power in relation to music. Further analysis leads to the conclusion that it is the iconic element which plays the fundamental, central role in constituting musical meanings in the overwhelming majority of cases. Out of all the concepts which have been analysed: metaphor and metonymy, index and icon, only the last one applies to music in a significant manner. This does not mean that the nature of all musical meanings is so very uniform. On the contrary, they are very varied, but concepts imported mechanically from other branches of learning are inappropriate for describing this variety. The article finally concludes with the suggestion that, in order to carry out such a description, one should construct a framework of differentiation and categorisation of meanings designed specifically for music.
18
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Symbol i alegoria w filozoficznej egzegezie stoików

75%
Domaradzki M.
Filo-Sofija
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2011
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2-3(13-14)
719-736
EN
The present paper aims to ascertain whether, and if so, to what extent the modern distinction between the concepts of ‘symbol’ and ‘allegory’ can be applied to Stoic hermeneutical activity. The philosophy of the Stoics invites such a discussion, since the philosophers were the first thinkers in antiquity to actually have used the terms with reference to the process of retrieving the hidden meaning of various literary constructions. Thus, Chrysippus’ interpretation of the myth of Athena’s birth provides the point of departure for our considerations, since it is in the philosopher’s exegesis that we find the very first use of the word ‘symbol’ understood as a theoretical tool for interpreting texts. Subsequently, the article proceeds to discuss the interpretations of the same myth that were presented by Cornutus and Heraclitus who use the words ‘symbol’ and ‘allegory’ interchangeably. While the paper argues that in none of the cases analyzed do we find an understanding of the terms ‘symbol’ or ‘allegory’ that would entirely correspond to modern definitions of the terms, it also stresses that the impossibility of classifying Stoic interpretations as either solely ‘symbolical’ or solely ‘allegorical’ does not diminish the cultural import of Stoic hermeneutical activity.
19
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Geniusz i szaleństwo a proces twórczy

75%
Dudek Z. W.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2011
|
vol. 47
|
issue 4(190)
549-563
EN
The modern science does not possess adequate means of analysis and interpretation of genius and madness. Objective and statistical methods and rationalistic analysis push away the specificity of these phenomena. Genius and madness are possible to analyse and interpret from the perspective of Carl G. Jung’s theory of archetypes. Genius and madness are elements of the qualitative process of transformation of the human consciousness (initiation), but their meaning in the context of the individuation process (formation of individual personality) is different. In the context of creative process and in the context of culture the problem becomes crucial. Constructive interpretation of genius and madness is possible on the basis of “round way” metaphor, which catch complex nature of human symbolic activity, creative process and the culture. The Jungian concept of circumambulatio (rounding) is useful as well.
20

DANIEL KRMAN AKO SYMBOL V PRIENIKU LOKÁLNEJ, KONFESIONÁLNEJ A NÁRODNEJ IDENTITY (NA PRÍKLADE MYJAVY)

75%
Macho P.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
|
2017
|
vol. 64
|
issue 1
43 – 62
EN
The paper analyses the importance and place of evangelical bishop Daniel Krman as a symbol in the local (the inhabitants of town Myjava), confessional (Protestants) and national (Slovaks) identity and memory. It examines folk manifestations, literary production and the societies, institutions and public spaces in Myjava that have adopted Krman´s name. The golden age of the institutionalized commemoration of D. Krman may be the first half of the 20th century. To date Krman predominantly functions as a significant confessional symbol, therefore Krmanesque festive culture is also closely related to the clerical and religious life. This symbol was usually pushed out of the context of various secular (public, national) festivals. The literary texts and ceremonial speeches written in the year 1940 (the 200th anniversary of Krman´s death) were marked by the resistance of the Lutheran community to the totalitarian regime of the Slovak State: despite the single attempt at the ecumenical understanding of the symbol, the literary image of Krman as a martyr of the evangelical faith became a tool of petrified confessional differences on the local as well as nationwide level.
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