Search results

1

Middle Bronze Age social networks in the Carpathian Basin

100%

Przybyła M. S.

Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie

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2016

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vol. 8

47-84

EN

The paper discusses the development of pottery traditions in the Carpathian Basin around 1600 BC. Set of data describing decoration of vessels originating from 94 archaeological sites is analysed using tools developed by so called network science. Results of this investigation are confronted with the current discussion concerning the cultural change at the transition of Middle and Late Bronze Age. In the last part of the paper I try to draw more general conclusions as regard the nature of social networks in prehistory.

PL

Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie stopnia podobieństwa tradycji ceramicznych rozwijających się w Kotlinie Karpackiej mniej więcej pomiędzy XVIII i XII stuleciem p.n.e. W tym celu wyselekcjonowane zostały 94 stanowiska, które dostarczyły wystarczająco licznej serii dekorowanej ceramiki. Pochodzący z nich materiał został poddany klasyfikacji, a następnie przeanalizowany z użyciem narzędzi statystycznych, w tym zwłaszcza techniki analizy sieci. W rezultacie możliwe było określenie stopnia pokrewieństwa pomiędzy poszczególnymi stanowiskami, wyróżnienie grup o zbliżonych „recepturach” dekoracji ceramiki oraz zbadanie zależności pomiędzy podobieństwem stylistycznym i bliskością geograficzną. Analiza ta dostarczyła jednocześnie obserwacji wspierających pogląd o chronologicznym zazębianiu się tradycji kultur tellowych oraz licznej grupy zjawisk kulturowych pojawiających się w Kotlinie Karpackiej po XVII–XVI stuleciu p.n.e., które tutaj łącznie określane są jako tradycja mogiłowa. Ostatnia część artykułu poświęcona jest ogólniejszej dyskusji nad charakterem społecznych sieci kontaktów w prehistorii. Miedzy innymi konfrontuję w niej obraz sieci manifestujący się w stylu ceramicznym z kontaktami wyznaczanymi przez reguły deponowania przedmiotów brązowych i wzorce w zakresie architektury.

2

Stimulating economic recovery through euro area growth poles: call for more directed unconventional monetary policy measures?

100%

Kotlebova J., Siranova M.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2017

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vol. 12

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issue 4

633-653

EN

Research background: Transfer of newly created money through unconventional monetary measures follows the official European Central Bank distribution key. Yet, it does not take into account the ability of individual countries to drive growth process in other economies. Money spent to boost domestic credit provisioning in growth pole-like economies is more likely to spill over to other adjoined economies and help them to recover, even in the presence of depressed domestic demand and/or overleveraged domestic banking sector. Purpose of the article: This paper reports growth pole scores for 19 euro area countries, and compares it to the official distribution key used to transmit newly created source of funding. Methods: We modify the procedure developed in World Bank (2011) for growth pole com-putation in order to account for strength of linkages connecting member states. Findings & Value added: Our results suggest that the official distribution key might not be completely optimal once looking at the growth pole scores. Countries small in economic size (Baltic states, Slovakia and Slovenia) would benefit from a more differentiated distribution, as they strongly outperform their benchmark set by the official distribution key. On the other hand, big euro area economies do not achieve the levels used in official distribution key, taking into account their growth pole potential for other euro area economies.

3

Zastosowanie analizy sieci do oceny struktury organizacji i wyznaczania kierunków jej zmian

100%

Zbieg A.

Nauki o Zarządzaniu

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2015

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issue 1 (22)

71-90

EN

The article presents the result of an empirical study that compares the formal structure of a company with its less formal counterpart: the network of cooperation, flow of information, knowledge and decision between employees. An empirical study surveys 374 employees from two companies about their position in formal structure and their connections with other employees. The conducted analysis examines the relationship between company structural characteristics and performance, as one of studied company performs less effective than other. The paper examines such issues as: the level of convergence of both structures, the degree of compliance of formal and informal authority and the allocation of network resources. In a company characterized by higher performance we observed higher level of convergence of both structures, higher degree of compliance of the position of the employee with the level of their informal authority, and higher level of support provided by the managers. Results suggest that the comparison of formal and informal structure of the company provides information about its performance that is difficult to obtain in any other way. Finally, presented managerial implications refer to the specific ways how to improve the organizational structure on the basis of information obtained by analyzing the organizational network.

4

Network analysis of the intra-EU trade

100%

Modrzejewska A., Biskup P.

Przegląd Statystyczny

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2023

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vol. 70

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issue 2

1-19

EN

The research presented in the paper used tools offered by network analysis and the graph theory. The study examined the empirical properties of the intra-EU trade network in the years 1999–2019 and confirmed that the EU trade links were of a disassortative nature. The use of network indicators has proven that the European trade network was characterised by a coreperiphery structure. The study shows that Germany was the undisputed leader of the EU trade network over the studied years, although its central position was weakening over the years.

5

Co-occurrence analyzis of key concept on risk-taking in organizational management research

100%

Gorzeń-Mitka I.

Zeszyty Naukowe UPH seria Administracja i Zarządzanie

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2019

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vol. 48

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issue 121

19-30

EN

Risk-taking is a pivotal feature of entrepreneurship and business development. Poor management of business risk often leads to the loss of competitiveness with the consequence of business failure, and in contrast, it improves business sustainability when risks are managed effectively. The aimof thisresearch is to identify leading concepts and trends in research on risk-taking in organizationalmanagement researchby network analysis of keywords co-occurrence. Mapping knowledge domain was used as a useful method in bibliometrics. We analyzed 2912 records from Scopus database to risk-taking in organizational management research with the help of VOSviewer software tool. In particular, keywords co-occurrence analysis to visually explore knowledge bases, topic distribution, research fronts and research trends in the field of risk-taking research in a management context were adopted.

6

Dyplomacja kulturalna w mediach społecznościowych: Studium przypadku

100%

Ociepka B., Arendarska J.

Zarządzanie Mediami

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2021

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vol. 9

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issue 4

627-644

EN

The online tools of communication have an impact on cultural diplomacy, which enables the governments to include potential partners into the participation in culture and at the same time to win them for their foreign policy goals. The objective of this article is to check the hypothesis saying that social media has become relevant in the foreign ministries’ external communication. The authors conduct a case study, based on cultural diplomacy events, called “years and seasons of culture”, aimed by the selected European countries at Russia in 2013–2016. The authors assume that the inclusion of social media into the toolkit of cultural diplomacy means a relevant change in the media use in foreign policy. While studying the cases of Austrian, Dutch, German, Polish and British cultural diplomacy the authors check, if they can be analyzed as media events. The authors implemented institutional approach, quantitative network and qualitative content analysis. The research didn’t confirm that cultural diplomacy events might be seen as media events. Although the Russian-Ukrainian conflict defined the relevant context for the studied cases, it was hardly reflected in their visibility. Social media didn’t play any significant role in the promotion of the events in the chosen researched period either.

7

Network Analysis of Cooperation in Tourism Destinations

88%

Gajdošík T.

Czech Journal of Tourism

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 1

26-44

EN

Globalisation on the tourism market causes that the competition is not formed only between stakeholders in a destination, but more and more it is created among destinations. Therefore tourism stakeholders in a destination have to act together and cooperate. The cooperative behaviour of destination stakeholders is seen as a main prerequisite of applying the cooperative destination management, which influences the competitiveness of destination on tourism market. The aim of the paper is to analyse and measure cooperation of stakeholders in the selected destinations in Slovakia and Switzerland and to show the contribution of the network analysis to the quantitative research in tourism destinations. The article presents the network analysis of cooperation in product development and integrated marketing communication in the High Tatras, Liptov, Davos - Klosters and Engadin St. Moritz. The measurement of the cooperative behaviour helps to better understand the problems of cooperative destination management and creates a tool for comparing the destinations.

8

Zelensky's Image in Russian and Ukrainian News: Presidential Campaign 2019 in Ukraine

88%

Dkhair K., Klochko P.

Central European Journal of Communication

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2021

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vol. 14

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issue 1(28)

62-76

EN

The work explores the portrayal of the sixth president of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelensky, in Russian and Ukrainian media sources during the pre-electoral campaign in 2019. The study used network analysis, n-grams’ generation, and LDA-based topic modeling. The study reveals that Russia’s media focused on Zelensky as a media personality, while Ukrainian sources paid attention to the portrayal of a novel popular politician. The target audience of the candidate’s campaign was the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine. Media in Ukraine’s native language were more inclined to mention elections, the role of the other candidate Petro Poroshenko and the nationalist mood, while defining Zelensky as just an ordinary candidate in an electoral race. The article is based on academic resources concerning the history of the development of political and media contexts in Ukraine, paying particular attention to agenda-setting, framing and priming techniques, and the personality of Volodymyr Zelensky.

9

Using hexagonal grids and network analysis for spatial accessibility assessment in urban environments - a case study of public amenities in Toruń

88%

Burdziej J.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

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2019

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vol. 23

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issue 2

99-110

EN

Spatial accessibility is one of fundamental problems of geography, and transport geography in particular. It is one of the key factors afecting the ability to use certain services by the residents of a given area. Therefore, it is important to develop appropriate methods for the analysis of spatial accessibility. This paper describes a methodology for analyzing spatial accessibility in urban areas using a hexagonal grid combined with a network analysis. The proposed methodology is applied to the city of Toruń, Poland. Spatial distribution of accessibility to selected public amenities is analyzed and areas of high and low accessibility are identified. Finally, a prototype of a novel web-based system is proposed to allow citizens and city oficials to perform custom analysis based on individual preferences.

10

Assessment of EU banking network regionalization during post-crisis period

88%

Gaigaliene A., Jurakovaite O., Legenzova R.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2018

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vol. 9

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issue 4

655-675

EN

Research background: Recent financial crisis of 2007-2008 has influenced global banking system and led to reduction of cross-border bank lending in the EU and worldwide. Global banking network has been analysed extensively in prior or post-crisis periods, but the literature on regionalization is scarce, especially with regard to the banking sector in the EU. Moreover, in previous empirical research evaluation of banking sector regionalization using network analysis methodology has not been yet applied. Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to map the EU banking network and to assess its regionalization during post-crisis period. Methods: the paper employs comparative literature analysis and synthesis; BIS bilateral interbank cross-border claim yearly flows matrix data and network analysis method (including network mapping, structural and comparative analysis and the data of intraregional and interregional banking network matrices) to assess the changes in regionalization of the EU banking system. Findings & Value added: The results of the research show that during post-crisis period both, EU 12 and EU 28, banking networks became more clustered and more decentralized; also the level of regionalization within the EU banking network increased. Such results prove that the EU banking network has undergone structural changes with respect to bilateral interbank cross-border claims. This research adds to the knowledge of regionalization processes within the EU banking network during the post-crisis period and intends to be beneficial for market participants, EU level governmental bodies and financial policy makers.

11

Evaluation of the post-crisis EU banking network connectedness in the global context

88%

Legenzova R., Gaigalienė A., Jurakovaitė O.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2019

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vol. 10

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issue 1

37-53

EN

Research background: The global banking network has been undergoing structural changes since the recent financial crisis. Previous studies on connectedness of global banking network during post-crisis period revealed the trends of regionalization and segmentation. Our previous research has also shown that during post-crisis period the level of regionalization within the EU banking network has increased; the network became more clustered and more decentralized. This paper continues our research of structural changes of EU banking network during post-crisis period by adding a global context and questioning the connectedness of EU banking network within global banking system. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to evaluate the EU banking network's connectedness in the global context during the post-crisis period. Methods: network analysis method and data on yearly flows of BIS bilateral interbank cross-border claim were used to evaluate the connectedness of global and EU banking systems. Findings & Value added: Evaluation of the global banking network's connected-ness revealed that global banking network density decreased by 4.50 %, suggesting that connectedness is decreasing, but it is happening slowly. Structural changes in the global banking network did happen during post-crisis period with regards to out-degree, betweenness and closeness centrality indicators. In the global context, the EU banking network became more connected during post-crisis period. The EU banking network was regionalized in 2011, but this regionalization disappeared in 2015, as the level of intraregional density decreased in 2015 and became lower than the interregional density. This research contributes to previous research in a way that it applies intraregional and interregional network density measures for evaluation of the EU banking network's connectedness, and analyses it as a subset of the global banking network.

12

Constructing identity on social networks. An analysis of competences of communication constituted on Facebook.com

88%

Dobrowsky D.

Central European Journal of Communication

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2012

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vol. 5

|

issue 1(8)

91-103

EN

Tendencies of mediatization, globalization, commercialization etc. in modern societies cause a loss of relevance of traditional agencies of socialization. Individuals are increasingly challenged to enfold their socialization on their own. Media products become highly relevant for an individual’s socialization. To be able to manage the demands of socialization, the individual needs to develop sophisticated competences of communication. The competences of communication enable the individual to identify and reflect his/her personal needs. Identity is conceived as the realization of an individual’s competence of construction of communication in interactive situations. Online social networks such as Facebook.com provide spaces of communication, in which individuals can work on their identity in processes of interaction. By methods of network analysis this research explores the impact of structures of social networks on the individual’s competences of communication and, hence, the impact on identity constructed on social networks.

13

Stylistyka ceramiki grupy wschodniej kultury amfor kulistych – ujęcie strukturalne

88%

Sieradzka E.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2017

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vol. 38

13-26

EN

In the classical approach presented by Marzena Szmyt, statistical analysis of the ceramic style of the eastern group of Globular Amphora Culture was based on detailed classification of ornaments and their co-occurrence within grave inventories. This paper introduces an alternative proposition, focusing on structural analysis of decoration of vessels. Additionally, in order to show the distribution of stylistic features among the graves, some elements of the network analysis were implemented.

14

Where styles collide: the Western Carpathians in the Early Iron Age in the light of pottery analysis

88%

Markiewicz J. A.

Acta Archaeologica Carpathica

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2024

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vol. LIX

129-157

EN

In the Early Iron Age, the Western Carpathians constituted a contact zone of various cultural traditions, which contributed to the complex, syncretic stylistic character of this region. At the same time, due to the scarcity of archaeological data, consisting mostly of relatively poor pottery assemblages from settlements, these mountainous areas escape unambiguous cultural classifications. Leaving aside the problems of taxonomy, this paper is an attempt to define the past processes that resulted in the observed diversity. Analyses were performed based on the most numerous sources available, which are ceramic vessels. Instead of being assigned to specific cultural units, individual pottery assemblages from the Western Carpathians were described in terms of stylistic diversity. This approach made it possible to analyse the available sources using quantitative methods, e.g. network analysis. The obtained results were treated as the starting point for a broader discussion on the processes of cultural development in prehistory. The problem of the possibility of reconstructing past social relations based on the pottery was addressed. Furthermore, a detailed study of three Western Carpathian regions provided a framework for considering the branching and blending models of cultural development in the context of local geographical conditions. It was demonstrated that very different processes may occur in neighbouring regions at the same time, resulting in various patterns of pottery styles distribution.

15

Identyfikacja i pomiar pozycji podmiotów w sieciach organizacyjnych

75%

Barczak B., Cabała P.

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

|

2014

|

vol. nr 3

23--40

EN

The paper presents a method for determining the position of actors in organizational networks using network analysis methods that are called as a method of SNA (Social Network Analysis). The growing popularity of this approach does not only result from the need to use effective tools for the study of new forms of organization, but also with the wider availability of computer programs to help make tedious calculations. The first part of the article presents the main points of network analysis and the concept and measure of centrality. The second part discusses the problem of using network analysis to examine the position of actors in the selected organizational network.

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano sposób określania pozycji podmiotów w sieciach organizacyjnych, z wykorzystaniem metod analizy sieciowej, które w skrócie nazywane są jako metody SNA (Social Network Analysis). Rosnąca popularność tego podejścia wynika obecnie nie tylko z potrzeby wykorzystania efektywnych narzędzi badania nowych form organizacyjnych, lecz także z coraz szerszej dostępności programów komputerowych, ułatwiających dokonywanie żmudnych obliczeń. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono główne założenia analizy sieciowej oraz pojęcie i miary centralności. Druga część przedstawia przykład wykorzystania analizy sieciowej do badania pozycji podmiotów w sieci organizacyjnej (centralności) na przykładzie wybranej sieci.

16

On the Use of Microsimulation for Investigating Ideological Dissent: Exemplary Analyses of the Values of the European Political Left

75%

Mueller G. P.

ASK. Research and Methods

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2017

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vol. 26

|

issue 1

61-80

EN

This article presents a new approach to the comparison of the meaning of social or political key terms in different national contexts. Instead of relying on classical statistical instruments such as t-tests of the mean attitudes, the author proposes to analyze value conflicts between the mentioned groups. In international surveys like the European Values Study (EVS) the related conflict data are not directly available but can be generated by microsimulation: for this purpose the article proposes to look at the value differences of randomly matched artificial pairs of respondents. The resulting dyadic data-records correspond to simulated virtual encounters of persons with the same or different opinions about a political issue. In this way it becomes possible to measure the amount and the thematic focus of the value conflicts between the protagonists of a key term in different countries: the absence of conflicts between these groups points to the same meaning of the key term, whereas dissent about its attributes is an indicator of semantic differences. The benchmark for assessing these international inter-group conflicts are the national intra-group conflicts, which are generally underestimated. Consequently, an application of the proposed method to an artificial dataset with systematically varying statistical properties suggests that the traditional t-tests of mean attitudes overestimate the international group differences. By considering the internal ideological variation of the compared groups we probably get a more realistic assessment of their international similarities and differences. Thus we dare to tackle with the proposed virtual encounter method a real world problem: the comparative analysis of the values of the political left in Sweden, France, and the UK on the basis of attitudes gathered in the European Values Study (2008). A major result is that income equality is revealed to be an important common value of the political left in the three countries mentioned. Finally, the article points to the possibility of comparing different intra-national groups with regard to their ideologies. By the virtual encounter method it is possible to focus the analysis on a particular country and compare e.g. its national parties or different generations of partisans.

17

Does being central in formal network improve trust projection? A social network analysis of supply network structure

75%

Osman L. H., Othman A. S., Palil M. R.

LogForum

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2020

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vol. 16

|

issue 1

85-102

EN

Background: This research attempts to extend the understanding and application of embeddedeness theory beyond the general network structure. Previous research on network analysis largely focused on the context of the decentralized network structure and how it impacts on the performance of the network member. However, each member of a supply network is embedded in a centralized network structure. The focal firm often plays the commanding role in such structure. Thus, the supply network is a centralized network because of the existence of the focal firm. The existence of the focal firm may influence the impact of firm performance, particularly on the generation of relational capital. Hence, the objective of this research is to determine how formality derives from the centralization of the supply network and influences trust projection in the supply network structure so that it is possible to organize supply network resources to their optimum capacity. Methods: Basing on the previously applied approach of Social Network Analysis from the sociology research field, we adopted the Social Network Analysis methodology to collect data on supply network connectivity or relations. Using an Exponential Random Graph Model [ERGM], we developed a random search algorithm for network relational capital optimization. Exponential Random Graph Modeling [ERGM] is a statistical method for modeling the generative processes that create social networks. In ERGM, the log-odds of a tie between members of a dyad of nodes or actors in the network are essentially modeled using an exponential form analogous to logistic regressions. Results: The findings of this study indicate that centrality negatively influences trust projection in the supply network. Hence, a firm embedded in upstream supply network benefits differently in terms of relational capital through the different degree of embeddedness. The firm's resources should be re-aligned to match the benefits of the different network structural positions. Conclusion: The results of the statistical network analysis reveal interesting findings in terms of prominent structural forms and the impact of involvement or embeddedness in the formal of a supply network. What this means is that the more embedded a firm is in the upstream supply network based on the formal contract tie, the less the likelihood that it will be perceived as trustworthy by other network members. Consequently, this tells us that firms’ embbededness in a centralized network structure which is based on a formal contract ties have a negative impact on the firms’ level of trust perception.

PL

Wstęp: Praca ma celu rozszerzenie znaczenia i stosowania poza strukturę sieci teorii zależności aktywności ekonomicznych od czynników socjalnych. Wcześniejsze badania dotyczące analizy sieci w dużej mierze koncentrowały się na zagadnieniu decentralizacji struktury sieci i wpływu tego procesu na działanie poszczególnych jej członków. Niemniej każdy członek łańcucha dostaw jest elementem zcentralizowanej struktury sieci. Zcentralizowana firma odgrywa przywódcza rolę w całej takiej strukturze. Dlatego też łańcuch dostaw jest siecią zcentralizowaną z powodu istnienia firmy przywódczej. Istnieje takiego typu firmy w sieci ma wpływ na wyniki działalności. Celem tej pracy jest określenie wpływu formalizmu, będącego wynikiem zcentralizowania łańcucha dostaw, ba poziom zaufania w obrębie tego łańcucha oraz możliwości organizacji wykorzystania zasobów tego łańcucha do uzyskania wykorzystania optimum zasobów. Metody: W oparciu o wcześniej stosowane podejście używające analizy sieci socjalnych, zastosowano metodologię analizy sieci socjalnych do zgromadzenia danych dotyczących połączeń i relacji w obrębie łańcucha dostaw. Przy użyciu modelu Exponential Random Graph Model [ERGM] opracowano losowo szukający algorytm dla rozwiązywani problemu optymalizacji relacji sieci. Exponential Random Graph Modeling [ERGM] to metoda statystyczna służąca kształtowaniu procesów generatywnych, tworzących sieci socjalne. W metodzie tej, zarówno połączenia nieparzyste jak i dwójki węzłów sieci są modelowane poprzez użycie postaci wykładniczej analogicznej do regresji logistycznej. Wyniki: Uzyskane wyniki badań wskazują, że centralizacja ma negatywny wpływ na poziom zaufania w łańcuchu dostaw. Firmy umieszczone w różnych częściach łańcucha dostaw zyskują w różny sposób z relacji socjalnych w obrębie tego łańcucha. Zasoby firmy musiałyby być przesunięte, aby uzyskiwać benefity wynikające z różnej pozycji w strukturze sieci. Wnioski: Wyniki uzyskane na podstawie analizy statystycznej sieci wskazują na ciekawe zależności w obrębie strukturalnych form, mający wpływ na zaangażowanie w formalnej strukturze łańcucha dostaw. Im dana firma znajduje się wyżej w sieci łańcucha dostaw w odniesieniu do formalnych połączeń i relacji, tym jest mniejsze prawdopodobieństwa, że będzie traktowana z zaufaniem przez innych członków danej sieci. W konsekwencji, należy wysunąć wniosek, że ze wzrostem pozycji w zcentralizowanej sieci, zaufanie do danej firmy maleje.

18

A minimum spanning tree analysis of the Polish stock market

75%

Tomeczek A. F.

Journal of Economics and Management

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2022

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vol. 44

EN

Aim/purpose - This article aims to explore the network topology of the stock market in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach - Kruskal's algorithm was used to find the minimum spanning trees (MST) of three undirected correlation networks: MST1 (December 2019 - August 2021), MST2 (February 2020 - April 2020), and MST3 (June 2021 - August 2021). There were123 firms included in all three networks representing three key indexes (WIG20, mWIG40, and sWIG80). Findings - The comovements of stock prices varied between various periods of the pandemic. The most central firms in Poland were PEO, UNT, SPL, PKO, KGH, CCC, and PZU. WIG20 was the most influential stock index for all networks. During the turbulent period represented by MST2, many of Poland's largest companies have clustered around KGH at the center of the network. In contrast, MST3 is the least compact of the three networks and is characterized by the absence of a single strongly influential node. Research implications/limitations - Correlation networks are efficient at quantitatively describing the degree of interdependence of a stock. MST finding algorithms are a crucial method of analysis for correlation networks. However, a limitation of the study, inherent to undirected correlation networks, is the inability to determine the direction of influence that stocks have on each other. Originality/value/contribution - The results of the article contribute to the economic analysis of stock markets in several ways. First, it expands on Gałązka (2011) by including additional centralities and the dynamic aspect of changes in the topology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, it broadens the MST-based empirical research of stock markets by showing the emergence of the star topology during the period of high uncertainty in Poland. Third, it has practical applications for systemic risk assessment and portfolio diversification.

19

“Birds of a Feather Flock Together” : Bipolarity, Homophily and Intra-Party Communication Degree of Polish MPs on Twitter

63%

Nożewski J., Baranowski P.

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

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2021

|

vol. 72

7-28

PL

Współczesna sfera publiczna w dużej mierze przeniosła się do Internetu, a Twitter stał się wiodącą platformą debaty politycznej. Potencjalnie szkodliwe bańki informacyjne, które skutkują selektywną ekspozycją na wiadomości w mediach społecznościowych, ograniczają jednostki do ich własnych opinii, co może być szczególnie niepokojące, gdy dotyczy osób podejmujących decyzje polityczne. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie wzajemnych relacji pomiędzy polskimi parlamentarzystami na Twitterze oraz stworzenie matrycy powiązań pomiędzy politykami reprezentującymi różne partie polityczne. Analiza danych empirycznych z Twittera udowodniła, że istnieją wysoce spolaryzowane struktury parlamentarzystów, które tworzą się w obrębie przynależności politycznej. Z perspektywy aktorów politycznych polska część Twittera zdominowana jest przez obóz Zjednoczonej Prawicy oraz Koalicję Europejską, a jej wewnętrzny podział stanowi odwzorowanie mandatów w parlamencie.

EN

Since the contemporary public sphere has largely moved online, Twitter has become the leading platform of political debate. Potentially harmful echo spheres, selective exposure and social media filter bubbles that limit individuals to their own opinions can be especially alarming when it concerns politicians. This paper aims to investigate the degree of homophily among Polish MPs, simultaneously indicating the way politicians form follower communication structures. The analysis of the data gathered from Twitter revealed observable elements of polarization at the political affiliation level, although the level of parliament chambers was found meaningless in that case. The Polish political Twittersphere is dominated by the two biggest parties, accurately reflecting parliament composition. The use of communication structure is examined throughout this paper, ultimately confirming the homophilic behavior of specific politicians’ groups, especially in terms of mutual communication and its effectiveness.

20

Are Central Banks’ Research Teams Fragile Because of Groupthink in the Area of Monetary Policy? – Evidence on Inflation Targeting

63%

Rybacki J.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

|

2020

|

vol. 304

|

issue 4

81-103

PL

W ubiegłych latach stosunkowo duża część banków centralnych miała problem z realizacją własnych celów inflacyjnych. Badanie ma na celu odpowiedzieć, czy przyczyną tego zjawiska jest niedoskonała organizacja prac działów badań ekonomicznych. Przedstawiony model wskazuje pozytywną, choć stosunkowo mało istotną statystycznie relację pomiędzy koncentracją idei poruszanych w badaniach a sumą odchyleń od celów inflacyjnych. Przedstawione zostały również nieregularności widoczne w danych. Amerykańska Rezerwa Federalna, Bundesbank czy Bank Anglii prowadzą mniej zdywersyfikowane badania niż EBC. Departamenty badań Banku Włoch oraz NBP są zdominowane przez prace wąskiej grupy badaczy. Z kolei Banki Francji i Kanady prowadzą najbardziej różnorodne badania.

EN

In the recent years, the a great vast majority of the world’s central banks have globally failed to realize meet their inflation targets. We attempt to answer a question of determine whether such this failure resulted from insufficient inadequate organization organisation of economic research in those institutions. Our study shows a positive, but statistically weak, relationship between these two issues aspects. However, the analysis finds also finds a few several adverse irregularities in how research is organised in major central banks’s. research organizations. The research of the U.S. Federal Reserve, the Bundesbank, and the Bank of England are is relatively less diversified compared tothan that of the European Central Bank. In the cases of Poland and Italy, central bank economic departments are dominated by groups of researchers focused on a narrow range of topics. On the other hand, the organization organisation of research departments in France and Canada supports a greater variety of topics and independence of researchers.

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