Search results - CEJSH

1

Soft Power of India

100%

Łoś R.

Historia i Polityka

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2019

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issue 28 (35)

9-23

EN

India is a country experiencing tremendous economic growth while its political ambitions are aiming higher and higher as well. The country is trying to increase its global power using resources and instruments of soft power. India is learning this art anew, using its rich culture and reaching back to its past traditions. References made to religious diversity and democracy are another powerful tool in the state arsenal. There has been a reorientation in foreign policy as well, which refocused on supporting the state’s economic development by seeking and maintaining good relations with foreign countries. Soft power instruments have grown in importance, especially as concerns culture and values, which combined with peaceful policies made for a truly great opportunity of using soft power.

2

Dyplomacja kulturalna jako narzędzie miękkiej siły Unii Europejskiej

80%

Ryniejska-Kiełdanowicz M.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2015

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issue 6(37)

143-160

EN

The aim of this article is to answer the question of how European Union uses tools and methods of cultural diplomacy, the extent to which these can help achieve international aims and what are their functions. While the importance of culture has been on the rise in the realm of foreign affairs, its role in this field remains one of the most under‑studied aspects of policy. In this text I point out what is the cultural diplomacy, and which programs are proposed by EU to interest the world, not only in the European Union but also foreign audience. M.C. Cummings defines cultural diplomacy as the exchange of ideas, information, values, systems, traditions, beliefs, and other aspects of culture, with the intention of fostering mutual understanding. European Union uses culture to support their soft power potential, to generate goodwill, to frame international agenda in particular ways, to erect and re‑enact boundaries and/or to create societal linkages across them. According to J. Nye: cultural diplomacy is the best example of soft power, i.e. the possibility of communicating, via the conduit of culture, of values and ideas. Furthermore it is the ability to achieve to what is desired rather than attractiveness or coercion. It is the result of the attractiveness of a given culture, political ideals and the substance of the policy of a given country. Thus, Europe’s cultural diplomacy is an important element of EU relations with the rest of the world and thus plays a part in shaping the EU’s reputation and the exercise of union interests.

3

Soft power Unii Europejskiej

80%

Łoś R.

Studia Politologiczne

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2016

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vol. 41

259-275

EN

Changes in the international situation after 1989 required a change in the thinking of Europe as a group of cooperating countries which are able to secure a satisfactory level of security. Security that could be achieved by the use of EU’s soft power resources, which are: its culture, its values and conduct of foreign policy. Both popular culture and high culture confirms the position of the leading countries in Europe and is also developed through joint action. Europe’s power is also its efficient educational and management system, which determines the socioeconomic model. Another important aspect of Europe’s power is the socio-political factor with enormous range of civil liberties.

4

Public Diplomacy of the Republic of Poland in Eastern Partnership Countries

80%

Bogorodetska O.

Historia i Polityka

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2018

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issue 24 (31)

99-111

EN

The aim of the current article is to examine the main peculiarities of public diplomacy of Poland in Eastern Partnership countries. The main fields of Polish public diplomacy realization in those countries, among which are the promotion of democracy values, informational propaganda, cultural and science diplomacy, sustention of Polish diaspora, will be analyzed. The article outlines the level of Poland’s promotion and branding activities in the framework of multilateral cooperation. The most important projects, initiatives and educational programs that represent Polish culture and traditions in Eastern Partnership countries will be examined. The research will show which of the Eastern Partnership countries are highly or less involved in the programs of Polish public diplomacy realization.

5

Radio dla zagranicy – od hard power do soft power w międzynarodowej nadawczości radiowej

80%

Wielopolska-Szymura M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica

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2017

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vol. 39

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issue 1

169-184

EN

Shortly after its invention, radio began to be used for political broadcasting with an international range. It was used to exercise power at a distance, sending messages to overseas diplomatic outposts or colonial territories. In the inter-war period it became an instrument of propaganda, and during the II World War the countries engaged in the conflict began to broadcast propaganda to listeners abroad, trying to bring them to their way of thinking. Simultaneously, you could observe a change in the approach to the international use of radio. It was regarded that radio programmes didn’t have to be used for disinformation and manipulating foreign listeners, but that it could aid in building a positive image of a given country, by basing the messages on genuine information and presenting the country’s cultural attractions, as well as cultivating a positive opinion among among listeners abroad. In consequence the stations and programmes that emerged and which utilised soft power – in international communications, which was the impulse behind the development of a new public diplomacy treating the recipient of the message – the overseas public – as the object of the communicative process.

6

Impreza sportowa jako narzędzie kreacji wizerunku kraju gospodarza

80%

Słupek L.

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze

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2014

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vol. 57

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issue 2

293-308

EN

The questions of sport instrumentalization and use of sport events for PR purposes that are raised in this article have been discussed for many years. In recent decades however one may observe the intensified competition and efforts of states to obtain the rights to organize sport events, especially the Olympics, FIFA World Cup or UEFA European Championship. As in such events the media interest all over the world has been enormous, event hosting country gains a unique chance to promote and strengthen its image. The PR strategies realized by Poland during the organization of EURO 2012, analyzed in this article, are an example of such actions.

7

Znaczenie mediów w strategicznej komunikacji zewnętrznej państwa – szkic teoretyczny

80%

Szymańska A.

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze

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2014

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vol. 57

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issue 2

273-292

EN

According to the Joseph S. Ney’s soft power concept, in the audiovisual era grows the significance of the non-material elements of a state’s power and the perception of the state in the international circles based on its image. Governments of numerous countries create specific promotional strategies within which different types of communication tools are applied, including the Public Relations tools with a special emphasis of the media relations and event marketing and also the Nation Branding and Public Diplomacy. The tasks of the government is then first of all to establish a relevant direction of proceedings and then to coordinate the activities of all of the entities which participate in the implementation of the country’s promotional strategy

8

CULTURAL DIPLOMACY AS A TOOL OF UKRAINE’S FOREIGN POLICY: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES

80%

Tereshchuk V., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Urbański D., Piechowiak-Lamparska J., Bryc A., Bojarczyk B., Jorgensen F. A. E., Niedziołka D., Pacześniak A., Potorski R., Wincławska M., Włodkowska-Bagan A., Jeran A., Mol A., Solsbery A., Dąbrowska I., Głodkowski M., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Piechowiak-Lamparska J.

The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies

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2016

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issue 2

PL

This article reveals the essence of cultural diplomacy as a foreign policy vector, and discusses its place among the tools of public diplomacy. The focus lies on the analysis of cultural diplomacy potential in Ukrainian foreign activities. In particular, the institutional aspects of promoting Ukrainian culture abroad are examined, and the role of foreign office and other stakeholders in these processes, including non-public subjects, is showed.

9

The EU in the Eyes of Ukrainian General Public: Potential for EU Public Diplomacy?

80%

Chaban N., Vernygora V.

Baltic Journal of European Studies

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2013

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vol. 3

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issue 2

68-95

EN

This paper focuses on the public diplomacy (PD) practices of the EU-a supranational regional organisation confronted with two distinct challenges. First, the EU aims to reform its external action in order to become a global power and leader in the changing multipolar world. Second, it purports to fight the ongoing economic crisis that not only weakens the actual global capabilities of the EU, but damages its international image and reputation as a power and a leader. The paper assumes the potential of EU PD tools in meeting these challenges and tests this assumption in one case study of international public opinion on the EU in its immediate neighbourhood (Ukraine). Importantly, the study confronts an additional challenge: EU PD is described in the relevant literature to be a disjointed, under-resourced and overlooked policy area.

10

The Sister City Frameworks and China’s Public Mateusz Chatys Diplomacy in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic

80%

Mierzejewski D., Ciborek P., Chatys M.

Azja-Pacyfik

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2021

|

issue XXIV

9-28

EN

The paper looks at the important subject of the sister city frameworks as part of China’s public diplomacy at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic (post-2020). The first part presents the concept of public diplomacy, with special focus on the role of provincial and municipal governments in China. Relations between the local Chinese governments and other local governments are seen as “having less political color” and, according to Chinese scholars, are more effective in transmitting the national image and discursive power in the P.R.C. The second part elaborates on the situation during the COVID-19 pandemic and argues that local governments in China have been using the Health Silk Road and Digital Silk Road as a vehicle of China’s public diplomacy. This section also includes a detailed analysis of the Chinese government’s plans and actions taken by the central authorities. After a general analysis, the authors present Sichuan and Guangdong provinces’ actions as a case study. The first case study examines Sichuan and Chengdu’s efforts to promote the Health Silk Road through the “mask of diplomacy,” in the second, the authors discuss actions undertaken by Guangdong province and the city of Guangzhou as part of the Digital Silk Road.

11

Cultural Diplomacy as a Tool of Ukraine’s Foreign Policy: Institutional Dimension

80%

Tereshchuk V.

Historia i Polityka

|

2019

|

issue 28 (35)

59-70

XX

The present paper considers the essential role of cultural diplomacy as a foreign policy vector and discusses its place among the tools of public diplomacy. The emphasis is placed on analysing the potential of cultural diplomacy in the Ukrainian foreign policy activities. In particular, the authors examine institutional aspects of promotion of the Ukrainian culture abroad; special attention is paid to the Ukrainian Institute, established in 2017 under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. As for many years there was no comprehensive governmental approach to cultural diplomacy, private initiatives in the field emerged to fill the gap. Having received some support from the Foreign Affairs Ministry and Ukraine’s diplomatic missions, these entities became part of the state’s cultural diplomacy mechanisms.

12

Development Diplomacy. Development Aid as a Part of Public Diplomacy in the Pursuit of Foreign Policy Aims: Theoretical and Practical Considerations

80%

Zielińska K.

Historia i Polityka

|

2016

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issue 16(23)

9-26

EN

This article’s aims are twofold. Firstly, it endeavours to define the concept of development diplomacy (that is, diplomacy done through development aid) as a part of public diplomacy that realises its aims thanks to soft power re- sources. Several theoretical sources are recalled and reflected upon in order to come up with a vision of the role of development diplomacy within public diplomacy. Secondly, this article focuses on the role of development diplomacy in the context of the foreign policy aims. Theoretical reflection on this issue is followed by illustrative examples of documents, actions and research, where practical linkages between development aid and foreign policy’ aims where made. It leads to conclusions regarding the practicalities and effectiveness of embracing development aid under the public diplomacy and thus also under foreign policy umbrella.

13

Sports Diplomacy of Norway

80%

Kobierecki M. M.

International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 1

131-146

EN

Norway is perceived as a country with a clear international identity. The aim of the article is to investigate the sports diplomacy of Norway and to examine its influence on the international brand of this country. The author will define the term “sports diplomacy” and attempt to outline the strategy of Norway’s public diplomacy; an analysis of the methods used in Norwegian sports diplomacy will follow. The main hypothesis of this paper is that sports diplomacy only plays a subsidiary role in Norwegian nation branding.

14

Media społecznościowe w szwedzkiej polityce zagranicznej

80%

Broś N.

Political Preferences

|

2017

|

issue 16

37-50

EN

The article discusses the use of social media in Sweden's foreign policy, which, as part of public diplomacy, complements the diplomatic channel by reaching a wider audience - the international public. The starting point for the discussion was the presentation of Sweden's foreign policy concept, its normative character where human rights, peace diplomacy, sustainable development or feminism are key values and set the course of action. In Swedish case the nation brand and the associated categories of credibility and reputation, which are sources of power (soft power), are also an important aspect used for effective foreign policy. The analysis of contents of the three key profiles, allowed to present the strategy of using social media in Sweden's foreign policy, to observe what issues are being addressed in them, the relationships between the official diplomatic discourse and the less formal social media content.

15

Dyplomacja handlowa w krajach Unii Europejskiej jako przykład współpracy administracji i przedsiębiorstw

80%

Marchewka-Bartkowiak K., Musiałkowska I.

Studia BAS

|

2015

|

issue 1(41)

105-126

EN

The article reviews the position of commercial diplomacy in the context of trade policy of the European Union. It begins by presenting the definitions of economic and commercial diplomacies. Next, it outlines their role in the EU and its member states. The authors claim that commercial diplomacy is an important part of public diplomacy and plays a key role in enhancing competitiveness of domestic enterprises helping the entrepreneurs to enter foreign markets.

16

Dyplomacja publiczna jako narzędzie kreowania wizerunku państwa za granicą na przykładzie Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki

80%

Jankowiak A., Michalak M.

Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne

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2020

|

issue 4(4)

41-53

EN

The image of the state currently affects many levels of its functioning, therefore it is very important for states. The growing importance of soft power in the modern world has resulted in the emergence of new types of diplomacy. One of the tools used to create the desired image is public diplomacy. This article presents the activities undertaken by the United States as part of broadly understood public diplomacy.

17

Ruch Hizmet a dyplomacja publiczna Turcji

80%

Jędrowiak P.

Wschodnioznawstwo

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2017

|

issue 11

469-478

EN

An unsuccessful military coup d’etat took place in Turkey in 2016. The government in Ankara recognized a representatives of Hizmet Movement guilty of carrying it out. In retaliation they has begun actions to bring them to the court and at the same time criminalize an activity of their organization in Turkey. Ankara government demanded also the limitation of the functioning Hizmet supporters abroad. On the other hand, the key is the fact, that all the activities of Hizmet Movements all around the world has been a part of Turkish public diplomacy. So the ban of an activities of the organization abroad would affect both the Hizmet Movement and Turkish state. The article contains an explanations of the origin of the Hizmet Movement and it forms of activities, especially in Poland. There are also pointed out the possible consequences that the government in Ankara may face in the field of public diplomacy underestimating the role of this non-governmental organization which also had shaped the image of Turkey.

18

Ruch Hizmet a dyplomacja publiczna Turcji

80%

Jędrowiak P.

Wschodnioznawstwo

|

2017

|

issue 11

469-478

EN

An unsuccessful military coup d’etat took place in Turkey in 2016. The government in Ankara recognized a representatives of Hizmet Movement guilty of carrying it out. In retaliation they has begun actions to bring them to the court and at the same time criminalize an activity of their organization in Turkey. Ankara government demanded also the limitation of the functioning Hizmet supporters abroad. On the other hand, the key is the fact, that all the activities of Hizmet Movements all around the world has been a part of Turkish public diplomacy. So the ban of an activities of the organization abroad would affect both the Hizmet Movement and Turkish state. The article contains an explanations of the origin of the Hizmet Movement and it forms of activities, especially in Poland. There are also pointed out the possible consequences that the government in Ankara may face in the field of public diplomacy underestimating the role of this non-governmental organization which also had shaped the image of Turkey.

19

SOFT POWER ROSJI

71%

Łoś R.

Przegląd Strategiczny

|

2017

|

issue 10

565-579

EN

Russia has always been a country seeking the Great Power status. Even though it lost its importance after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the desire to return to the role of the creator of international order force it to introduce new strategy that will implement soft power resources. This represents a certain obstacle for Russia, which traditionally is accustomed to hard power resources like economic pressure or the use of armed forces. Culture is Russia's soft power resource that is significant. Values can be more problematic for Russia, because in Moscow's intentions they should be different from the Western values. Russia is trying to create an alternative soft power project, competitive to that of the West. Russia is trying to make good use of its diplomacy, including digital diplomacy, in order to show the use of its hard power to be seen as soft.

PL

Rosja zawsze była państwem, które dążyło, aby być mocarstwem. Nawet jeżeli straciło tematyce bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego. W odniesieniu do roku 2016 autor dokonał (siłą rzeczy) subiektywnego wyboru tekstów, które znalazły się na łamach czterech publikacji- ,,Bellony", ,,Rocznika Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego", ,,Rocznika Strategicznego" oraz ,,Stosunków Międzynarodowych". W naturalny sposób tematyka podejmowana przez autorów rzeczonych publikacji stanowi odzwierciedlenie obecnego stanu międzynarodowego środowiska bezpieczeństwa oraz prognoz co do kierunków jego dalszej ewolucji.

20

«М’яка сила» як основа сучасної геополітичної стратегії

70%

Горбатенко В.

Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona

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2014

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vol. 4

27-31

EN

The phenomenon of the “soft power” as one of the effective means of improving the efficiency of influence of the state has been considered. The attractiveness of the soft power, the arsenal of its instruments, such as economic projects supporting and new promising markets opening, questions of energy and food security, cooperation in the sphere of science and technology, cultural and humanitarian relations, has been analyzed. The attention is paid to the effectiveness of the public diplomacy, especially in the long-term perspective, importance of the particular country presence in the world media space, which is brightly seen in the terms of conflict or crisis situations. The examples of absence of the “soft power” explicit policy of Ukraine in the sphere of information and communication are adduced, and the evidence of that was coverage of events related to the Russian-Georgian war. The emphasis is made on the urgent need of intensifying of the “soft power” policy in Ukraine in conditions of inability of achieving success through the use of “hard power”. It has been proposed to use the “soft power” also for the purposes of internal policy and supplement of the communication model strategy “from government to government” by the means of new principle - “from country to country”, “from society to society”, “from region to region”, “from people to people”. The main approaches, which are the prerequisites for the formation of such policy, in particular the idea of a weak but steady influence; the concept of “cultural and ideological hegemony” and the idea of “ethical state”; the concept of power of T. Parsons; views of Ukrainian scientist Vyacheslav Lypynskiy, has been considered. The examples of the soft power in EU and France policies has been demonstrated; on the basis of analysis of the ‘soft power’ creation experience in Ukraine has been shown the main directions of its practical application.

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