Interpretation in the Supreme National Tribunal in Poland (1946‑1948)

• Authors: Tryuk Małgorzata
• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

EN

This article presents the work of interpreters in the trials before the National Supreme Tribunal established in Poland in 1946 to judge Nazi criminals after the Second World War. Based on archival sources of the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation, it presents for the first time the identities of the interpreters recruited for this unique tribunal in the history of the Polish judicial system as well as for the practice of conference and court interpreting in Poland. It examines the interpreting practices during seven multilingual and multicultural trials, where simultaneous interpreting was applied for the first time, and discusses the issues of trust and control over the interpreters involved in war crimes tribunals.

Keywords

EN

Second World War; war crime trials; National Supreme Tribunal; court interpreting

• Publisher: Księgarnia Akademicka
• Journal: Między Oryginałem a Przekładem
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 24
• Pages: en

Contributors

author

Tryuk Małgorzata

• Uniwersytet Warszawski

References

• The archives of the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (in Polish Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu, hereinafter IPN): IPN/GK 196/1‑10: personal records, financial records, compensation, and protocols from the closed session and general organization of the SNT, including correspondence and miscellaneous items. IPN/GK 196/11‑38 The Arthur Greiser Trial. IPN/GK 196/39‑48 The Amon Goeth Trial. IPN/GK 196/48‑81 The Trial of Ludwig Fischer and his associates. IPN/GK 196/82‑115 The Rudolph Höss Trial. IPN/GK 196/116‑175 The trial of the SS Staff in the Auschwitz‑Birkenau concentration camp. IPN/GK 196/176‑238 The Albert Foster Trial. IPN/GK 196/239‑523 The Joseph Bühler Trial. IPN/GK 196/528‑541 Stenograph transcript from the A. Greiser Trial. IPN/GK 196/542‑547, 550, 553 Miscellaneous items.
• Andres, D. Behr M. (Hrsg.) (2011), Interpretes Mundi – Deuter der Welt, Martin Maidenbauer, München.
• Arendt, H. (1963), Eichmann in Jerusalem. A Report on the Banality of Evil, The Viking Press, New York (Polish translation: Arendt, H. 1998, Eichmann w Jerozolimie. Rzecz o banalności zła, Znak, Kraków).
• Baker, M. (2010), “Interpreters and Translators in War Zone”, The Translator 16 (2), pp. 197‑222.
• Behr, M., Corpataux, M. (2006), Die Nürnberger Prozesse. Zur Bedeutung der Dolmetscher für die Prozesse und der Prozesse für die Dolmetscher, Martin Maidenbauer, München.
• Cyprian, T., Sawicki, J. (1962), Siedem procesów przed Najwyższym Trybunałem Narodowym (Seven trials before the Supreme National Tribunal), Instytut Zachodni, Poznań.
• Gaiba, F. (1998), The Origins of Simultaneous Interpretation: The Nuremberg Trial, University of Ottawa Press, Ottawa.
• Gumkowski, J., Kułakowski, T. (1961), Zbrodniarze hitlerowscy przed Najwyższym Trybunałem Narodowym (Hitler war criminals before the Supreme National Tribunal), Wydawnictwo Prawnicze, Warszawa.
• Kalverkämper, H., Schippel, L. (Hrsg.) (2008), Simultandolmetschen in Erstbewährung: der Nürnberger Prozess 1945, Frank & Timme, Berlin.
• Kopczyński, A. (2009), “Wyższe Studium Języków Obcych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego – pierwsza szkoła tłumaczy w Polsce (1963‑1972)” (The Higher Institute of Foreign Languages of the University of Warsaw – the first translation and interpretation training school in Poland), in: Hejwowski, K. et al. (red.), 50 lat polskiej translatoryki, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UW, Warszawa, pp. 53‑55.
• Koźniewski, K. (1950), “Na 10 języków” (Into 10 languages), Przekrój 296, 10 XII 1950.
• Lefevere, A. (1992), “Introduction”, in: Lefevere, A., Translation/History/Culture, Routledge, London – New York.
• Rybalkina, M. (2011), “Die sowjetischen Dolmetscher bei den Nürnberger Prozessen”, in: Andres, D., Behr M. (Hrsg.), Interpretes Mundi – Deuter der Welt, Martin Maidenbauer, München, pp. 11‑28.
• Scheible, D. (2011), “Das Tokioter Kriegsverbrechertribunal”, in: Andres, D., Behr, M. (Hrsg.), Interpretes Mundi – Deuter der Welt, Martin Maidenbauer, München, pp. 29‑61.
• Schützler, A. (2011), “Dolmetschen in Guantánamo”, in: Andres, D., Behr, M. (Hrsg.), Interpretes Mundi – Deuter der Welt, Martin Maidenbauer, München, pp. 81‑111.
• Shlesinger, M., Pöchhacker, F. (eds.) (2010), Doing Justice to Court Interpreting, John Benjamins, Amsterdam.
• Takeda, K. (2007), Sociopolitical Aspects of Interpreting at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (1946‑1948), unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Tarragona.
• Takeda, K. (2009), “The Interpreter, the Monitor and the Language Arbiter”, Meta LIV, 2, pp. 191‑200.
• Takeda, K. (2010), “Interpreting at the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal”, in: Shlesinger, M., Pöchhacker, F. (eds), Doing Justice to Court Interpreting, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, pp. 9‑27.
• Tobia, S. (2010). “Crime and Judgement. Interpreters/Translators in British War Crime Trials, 1945‑1949”, The Translator 16 (2), pp. 275‑293.
• Tryuk, M. (2004), L’interprétation communautaire. Des normes et des rôles dans l’interprétation, Wydawnictwo Tepis, Warszawa.
• Tryuk, M. (2012), ‘Ty nic nie mów, ja będę tłumaczył’. O etyce w tłumaczeniuustnym (Keep quiet! I’ll interpret. On ethics in interpretation), Wydział Lingwistyki Stosowanej, Warszawa.
• Watanabe, T. (2009), “Interpretation at the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal: An Overview and Tojo’s Cross‑Examination”, TTR XXII, 1, pp. 57‑91.
• Ždanova, V. (2009), Nasim oruziem bylo slovo. Perevodciki na vojnie. Unsere Waffe war das Wort. Translation in Kriegszeiten, Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main.

Identifiers

DOI

10.12797/MOaP.20.2014.24.07