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EN
The article refers to the ways in which the iconographic programme of the Knight’s Hall from the Royal Castle in Warsaw was portrayed in 19th-century graphics. The ideas devised by King Stanisław August in the spirit of the Enlightenment were extended by Franciszek Kostecki in lithography from 1819-1831. It depicts the apotheosis of Jan Henryk Dąbrowski, Tadeusz Kościuszko and Prince Józef Poniatowski, and was complemented with a quotation from Virgil’s Aeneid. The subsequent graphics were mainly executed in the workshops of Louis Letronne (c. 1821) and Józef Swoboda (published in Lviv in 1863). The last echo of extending the ideas of heroic leaders and the pantheon of national heroes is the painting by Jerzy Kossak ‘On the threshold of eternity’ from 1935 which depicts Józef Piłsudski entering Wawel Cathedral, and Józef Poniatowski and Tadeusz Kościuszko welcoming him there on the stairs.
EN
The paper deals with sex crimes against minors, focusing on the offenders and their social stigmatization. We discuss their characteristics, examining selected interpretations and classifications of the phenomenon of pedophilia. It is presented here from two perspectives, psychological and legal. First, pedophilia is presented as a complex psychiatric disorder which can cause “behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child” (DSM-V). Second, legal regulations concerning sexually-based crimes against minors are discussed as they are formulated in the Polish Criminal Code. Presenting the psychological and legal characteristics of this type of sex crime, we try to find the reasons for frequent recidivism among the offenders (stigmatization is believed to be one of them).
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