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THE LATVIAN LANGUAGE IN THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF DAUGAVPILS (THE MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY - TODAY)

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Pošeiko S.
Journal of Education Culture and Society
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2015
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vol. 6
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issue 2
320-336
EN
This paper will focus on the LL of Daugavpils from a diachronic point of view in order to describe the usage of the Latvian language in the public space since the middle of the 19th century until today, as well as the socio-economic and political factors which influence the language situation. Research sources are old photos which depict legible signboards, and photos obtained during LL research 2013. The role of the Latvian language in public information increased during the first period of independence, when ideas of nationalism become widespread and the first normative documents about language usage were approved. However, the stability of Latvian as the main language of the public was only established during the first Latvian Republican period at the end of the 20th century, when the State Language Law was passed and implemented in linguistic practice. Currently, the linguistic landscape reflects the political, socio-pragmatic, and social identity motivations of the owners of public texts, but within the confines of the restrictions imposed by language laws.
2
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Ergonyms of Educational and Cultural spheres in two of Baltic States cities

100%
Pošeiko S.
Journal of Education Culture and Society
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2014
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vol. 5
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issue 1
299-311
EN
Daugavpils (Latvia) and Narva (Estonia) are cities in the Baltic States and signifi cant cultural and economic centres of their respective countries. These cities are characterized by a minority of nationals (19.8% of residents of Daugavpils are Latvian, 4% of residents of Narva are Estonian) and a similar linguistic situation: there is a dominance of Russian in the press, television and radio, but the state language prevails in the urban language signs.The aim of the study is to analyse the linguistic and extralinguistic means used for the creation of ergonyms of educational and cultural spheres. The main criteria for the analysis are: language choice, grammatical structures, sources of precedent and semantic groups. The data for this study were collected in city websites. Some conclusions: 1) Mixed proper names (the direct name and symbolical name) prevail: in Daugavpils there are more mixed names in the fi eld of education, while in Narva there are more mixed names in the culture sphere. Onymization of nomenclature names can be observed. 2) Ergonyms are mostly created in the offi cial language. In Narva, there is explicit use of Russian (directly as the fi rst/second or third language and indirectly – in transliteration). 3) In symbolical names, there are more lexemes representing or characterizing wildlife, while in Narva also the potential of mythology, literature and cinema is used. Denotative precedent is more often found in the names of informal educational institutions and the cultural sphere, connotative precedent – in the names of kindergartens. 4) In general, it must be concluded that the specifi c things characteristic to the local environment are used more often in Narva, while respecting the unique experience of minorities.
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