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EN
Agricultural biogas production and its applications are some of the most favorable methods of receiving the energy at present. Thanks to using biogas both to the production of electricity and the warmth and as an engine fuel we can limiting consuming nonrenewable energy sources. Using biogas as a fuel contributing also to the reduction of the greenhouse effect mainly thanks to methane reduction.
EN
In this publication was presented characteristics of the environmental life cycle assessment LCA (Life Cycle Assessement) as one of the methods included in the environmental management system (EMAS). Discusses also the various stages of analysis and guidance on the principles of its preparation regulated by the ISO 14000 standards (International Organization for Standardization), as well as payed attention to the key elements which determine the outcome of the assessments.
EN
Status of municipal waste management in Poland requires decisive action in this regard. At present only a small percentage of wastes are utilized. In this state of affairs affects the low environmental awareness, lack of waste management plans in the municipalities, as well as the lack of installations for waste recovery and disposal. This article presents the most important legislation both at European and national level on waste management. Discusses the prospects for the energy use of waste particularly with firing and co-firing waste technology with heat recovery at the same time.
RU
Recycling of end-of-life passenger vehicles is a well-known topic, and there are many literary reports in this regard. However, little information is available on the recycling of bulky vehicles, which determines the authors’ intention to present this issue. This article describes the loopholes that have prevented end-of-life vehicles from currently being recycled.  The forms of recycling of these types of vehicles has been shown, and they are analogous to those for passenger cars. Also being presented are the causes of design changes in passenger cars and trucks, with the reasons for these changes being slightly different in bulky vehicles, than in passenger cars, and the article will discuss how these changes translate into recycling. Examples of actions taken by large vehicle manufacturers to meet the changes taking place in the economy, and implement the principles of the circular economy, in the field of recycling large-size vehicles, are also outlined.
PL
Recykling pojazdów osobowych wycofanych z eksploatacji jest tematem znanym i w tym zakresie można znaleźć wiele doniesień literaturowych. Natomiast niewiele informacji jest dostępnych na temat recyklingu pojazdów wielkogabarytowych, dlatego intencją autorów było przedstawienie tego zagadnienia. W tym artykule opisano luki prawne, które spowodowały, że pojazdy wycofane z eksploatacji nie są obecnie objęte wymogiem recyklingu. Wykazano, jakie są formy recyklingu tego typu pojazdów i że są one analogiczne jak dla samochodów osobowych. Przedstawiono także, jakie są przyczyny zmian konstrukcyjnych w samochodach osobowych i ciężarowych, że przyczyny tych zmian są nieco odmienne w pojazdach wielkogabarytowych niż w osobowych i omówiono jak te zmiany przekładają się na recykling. Przedstawiono także przykłady działań podejmowanych przez dużych producentów pojazdów, które wychodzą naprzeciw zmianom zachodzącym w gospodarce i wdrażają zasady gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym w zakresie recyklingu pojazdów wielkogabarytowych.
EN
The aim of this paper is to show municipal and organic waste as an alternative source of energy and the benefits which can bring their energy use. These benefits concern both environmental reasons, as well as freedom from conventional energy sources and increasing energy security. The article discusses the biogas technology and plasma technology as the most promising waste to energy technologies.
EN
This article present waste management in the world and in some highly developed countries in the European Union such as Germany, Netherlands and Sweden. Article presented also waste management systems in these countries, with special attention to the processes of energy use of waste (Waste to Energy - WTE) in existing plants.
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