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EN
Easy as it is to consider Galen’s Protrepticus a straightforward exercise in the art of hortative rhetorics, it seems advisable to consider the ramifications and the role played by the philosophical hypotext: given the details of the argument, one may easily be reminded of certain passages of the Platonic Gorgias, as well as the importance of the actual imagery exploited in the course of exposition. In doing so, the essay seeks to reevaluate the Galenic work and put it in the wider context of philosophizing discourses of the era.
EN
The essay analyzes the importance of true speech (as described in M. Detienne’s Les Maîtres de Vérité) in epic fantasy. Starting with J.R.R. Tolkien’s Middle-Earth, through Lyndon Hardy’s magical worlds, Ursula LeGuin’s Earthsea and AnnMcCaffrey’s Dragonriders of Pern series, speech carries an added value of truth, preserving and shaping the universe in turn – such understanding of privileged speech links modern fantasy literature to its ancient models (Homer or Hesiod).
EN
It is argued that the Senecan concept of physics, indebted as it is to earlier Stoic writings, allows the Roman philosopher to think of the respective inquiry in terms of ultimate science, a lore that brings humans closer to the divine, but also possesses profound ethical consequences. The understanding of universal law becomes mandatory, but also sufficient for ethical progress, while the notion of cosmic balance is employed to reject the excess and lack of measure so characteristic of vice. Under the guise of discussing very particular physical questions, Seneca inquires into the eternal, immutable Law, thus indicating the way for human betterment and achievement of perfection.
EN
The contribution analyzes the construction of an authorial persona in the proem of the Astronomica, emphasizing the dual nature of the endeavor itself, as well as the intricacies of the poet’s position with respect to the subject matter of his song. The focus on the proem to Astronomica I allows for a more precise tracing of the techniques and devices employed to acquire the authority and credibility necessary for a didactic enterprise.
EN
The present paper investigates the autopresentation of Alexander of Aphrodisias as the philosopher – teacher of kings.
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