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EN
The article focuses on the narrative construction of identity in the biographical novel about the life of Madame Tussaud written by the Danish author Dorrit Willumsen. A specific biographical narration technique of Willumsen is the starting point for discussing two interweaving layers of biographical discourse: the historical literary biography and the internal biography (lifeline as a story). Willumsen`s open dialogue of images and words shapes the narration to cross the frame of the principal character`s historical time and places Willumsen`s novel in the European context of narrative literature on artistic images of identity.
EN
The article proposes a revaluation of the category of “Translation” and “Retranslation” from the perspective of the translatological culture code. On the basis of Præludier, a novel about Frédéric Chopin written by Peer Hultberg, the author illustrates why and how the process of translating cultural phenomena can be coded by a writerat different levels of the original language. The target text, a traditional translation, becomes in such a case an aesthetic Retranslation. The other example presents different ways in which the translation process is no longer coded at the level of language, buta universal myth, which is adapted to the consciousness and mentality of the recipients, such as those of a play “Antigone in New York”, written by Janusz Głowacki. In this case, the category of traditional translation is scarcely based on the original language of the text. The play itself is a translation of the Antigone myth and the following language versions illustrate a Retranslation at the level of the myth’s transcultural appeal.
DE
The paper describes the process of a literary work’s perception from the perspective of transformations made in Polish translations of H.C. Andersens’s work. The author presents the historical perspective of translating Andersen into Polish in the 19th and 20th century and, based on selected examples, analyzes such essential issues within the realm of artistic translation as translation policy/publishing policy as well as the translator’s culture-formative role and tasks. The analyzed issues also include recent and older translations, the culture of translation and, last but not least, the role of translational and literary criticism in the reception process.
PL
The article presents the phenomenon of sacred prostitution which was characteristic of many ancient cultures and religions throughout the world. It shows a few of the most important issues connected with the sacred prostitution (also called religious or ritual): its origins (the cult of deities of love and fertility, typical of the pre-Christian cultures); its forms (one-time prostitution as an act of sacrificing one’s virginity or one-time sacrifice of a woman who was no longer a virgin, and constant prostitution practiced by priestesses or temple prostitutes); its main purposes (unification with deity, making a tribute to deity, pledge of the fertility of men, earth and animals by re-enactment of archetypical act of hieros gamos, the divine marriage). The article also analyses the religious anatomy of the phenomenon, basing on the thesis of Mircea Eliade; shows examples of sacred prostitution, taken mainly from The Golden Bough,the canonic work of Sir James George Frazer, and F.S. Pierre Dufour’s History of Prostitution; discusses the taboo of women’s blood on the basis of Jean-Paul Roux’s works; mentions the historical change in the meaning of the word “virgin” applying to Edward Whitmont’s statements; brings up controversies over the judgment of sacred prostitution as a historical phenomenon, referring to Edward Whitmont’s and Georg Baudler’s standpoints.
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