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EN
Starting from a reflection about differences between the humanities and science, the author indicates the possibility of expanding the neuroscience on neurological literature criticism, based on the cultural theory of culture and concepts of embodied mind. She applies this new strategy to the works of Stanislaw Przybyszewski, expanding its traditional fields of references such as psychoanalysis, psychopathology or mystical Gnostic symbolism. She analyzes letters, essays and poems from the Berlin period, referring to journalism at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century („Prawda”, „Zdroj”). She is interested mainly in imaginary space and tectonics of thinking, distinguished in the work, she distinguished the analyzed fragments in terms of the reference to „neurological styling” (an electric machine ganglia, synthetic knot, thread) and „neurological copies”. Finally, the writer’s reflections on the functioning of the brain, leads the author to the conclusion about the new image of the subject and domination of brain metaphors in culture (rhizome).
PL
Wychodząc od refleksji o rozbieżnościach między humanistyką i nauką, autorka wskazuje na możliwość poszerzenia neuronauki o krytykę neurologiczną utworów literackich, opartą na kulturowej teorii kultury i koncepcji umysłu ucieleśnionego. Nową strategię stosuje wobec twórczości Stanisława Przybyszewskiego, poszerzając pole jej tradycyjnych odniesień, takich jak psychoanaliza, psychopatologia czy symbolika mistyczno-gnostyczna. Analizie poddaje listy, eseje i poematy z okresu berlińskiego, odwołując się do publicystyki z przełomu XIX i XX w. („Prawda”, „Zdrój”). Interesuje ją głównie przestrzeń wyobraźniowa i architektonika myślenia zaznaczająca się w utworze, różnicuje analizowane fragmenty pod względem stopnia referencji, dzieląc je na „neurologiczne stylizacje” (maszyna elektryczna, gangliony, węzeł syntetyczny, nici) i „neurologiczne kopie”. Ostatecznie, pisarskie refleksje na temat funkcjonowania mózgu prowadzą autorkę do wniosków o nowym obrazie podmiotu i dominacji metafor mózgowych w kulturze (kłącze).
EN
Starting from the contemporary trends in biography and referring to findings in the field of anthropology of writing and new materialism, the author analyzes poetic forms created in painting studios. She considers the works of O. Boznańska, W. Weiss and T. Tchórzewski as poetic manifestations of the literary practice of everyday life, a type of poeticised documents. The presence of poetry in artists’ lives is multi-faceted: loose pages preserved in a scrapbook, entries in a journal and autonomous works printed in the press, hence their role in creative biography is different. The common ground is a syncretic perception of creativity; the preserved texts co-create a kind of artistic site where the boundaries between the publication, the exhibition and the project performance blur, requiring special editing operations.
EN
Starting with a reconstruction of the views of philosophers and aesthetes on the topic of fantastic images, the Author aims to characterize fantasy art. She describes the reception of this art in Poland, characterizes its determinants, and defines the trend, indicating the most important examples of artistic works. While exploring this approach, she refers to Waldemar Okoń, Jerzy Malinowski, Tomasz Gryglewicz, and Antoni Smuszkiewicz. The convention of fantasy art appears to be a vital, developmental quality, an expression of the rebellion of consciousness against simplifications.
PL
Intersemiotic poetics and teaching literature The article is devoted to intersemiotic poetics derived from the theory of translation, that is the principle of translation described by Roman Jakobson (the interpretation of linguistic signs by means of non-verbal signs). From the reconstruction of research stances, changes in the concepts of the mind, and a new understanding of the processes of perception and metaphor, the Author relates the mechanisms of intersemiotic translation to borderline forms (ekphrasis and audio description) and the principles of teaching. By analyzing selected examples (Jacek Kaczmarski’s ekphrasis and editorial notes to Wisława Szymborska’s poem Utopia), she proves that after rejecting the principles of equivalence and similarity, while simultaneously maintaining the principle of causality, one may look for affinities in deeper semantic layers (amplification, addition) or engage in teaching literature, where intellectual precision is related to the shaping of emotions and skills involved in the multisensual reading of cultural texts.
EN
Starting from the contemporary determinants of changes in the field of mental operations, such as the transcultural nature of the world and neuroscientific concepts of mind (Francisco Varela, Daniel C. Dennett, Gilles Fauconnier, Mark Turner), the author shapes the foundations of mental didactics, recreates clues related to cognitive mechanisms in Polish language didactics (Maria Nagajowa, constructivism, new media), and continues to present such fields of teaching activity sensitive to shaping thinking as: interpretation, rhetoric, discursive manners and perceptual exercises, leading to the exposure of qualia. “Mental didactics” proposed in the article means integrated training of thinking, perception, attention and value system.
PL
Wychodząc od współczesnych determinantów zmian w zakresie operacji myślowych, takich jak transkulturowy charakter świata i neuronaukowe koncepcje umysłu (Francisco Varela, Daniel C. Dennett, Gilles Fauconnier, Mark Turner), autorka kształtuje podstawy dydaktyki mentalnej, odtwarza tropy związane z mechanizmami poznawczymi w dydaktyce polonistycznej (Maria Nagajowa, konstruktywizm, nowe media) oraz wskazuje takie pola aktywności nauczycielskiej wrażliwe na kształtowanie myślenia, jak: interpretacja, retoryka, kultura dyskusji i ćwiczenia percepcyjne, prowadzące do odsłonięcia qualiów. Zaproponowana w artykule „dydaktyka mentalna” oznacza zintegrowane kształcenie myślenia, percepcji, uwagi i systemu wartości.
EN
While looking for similarities between science and the humanities, or reality and cultural texts, the author analyzes three epic accounts of brain surgery and their film adaptations: The Island of Dr. Moreau, The Heart of a Dog, and Biohazard. The selection of texts allows her to compare medical reality (described e.g. by Jürgen Thorwald) with the sphere of fantasy, and literary space with the filmic medium. It also enables a reflection on the continuity of culture, where anatomy shows-popular in earlier centuries-first became the subject of paintings, and then emerged as an important cultural topos. Brain surgery created in the manner of fantasy allows the artists to enter the realm of metaphysics, and makes them realize how difficult it is to separate the mental and the physical spheres. In the film adaptation of Biohazard, the artifact of the brain is replaced by effects of metacinematography-cinema begins to express mind in a new way, becoming the medium of contemporary philosophy.
PL
Poszukując zbieżności pomiędzy nauką a humanistyką, rzeczywistością a tekstem kultury, Autorka analizuje trzy relacje epickie dotyczące operacji mózgu i ich filmowe adaptacje: Wyspę doktora Moreau, Psie serce, Biohazard. Układ tekstów pozwala zestawić rzeczywistość medyczną (opisaną m.in. przez Jürgena Thorwalda) ze sferą fantastyki, przestrzeń literacką z przekazem filmowym. Pozwala również zastanowić się nad ciągłością kultury, gdzie pokazy anatomiczne – popularne w wiekach dawnych, stały się tematem malarskim, a następnie ważnym toposem kulturowym. Operacja mózgu wykreowana w manierze fantastycznej pozwala twórcom wejść w sferę metafizyczną, uzmysławia, jak trudno oddzielić sferę mentalną i fizyczną, W filmowej adaptacji Biohazardu artefakt mózgu zastąpiony zostaje efektami metakinematografii, kino zaczyna wyrażać umysł w nowy sposób, staje się medium współczesnej filozofii.
EN
The Author is interested in the states of becoming silent, discontinuing one’s utterance, which are associated with certain mechanisms of the functioning of the brain, as well as in the observation of such states in different artistic disciplines. Looking for an answer to the question how aposiopesis operates in words, sounds, and images, she analyzes pieces of music, poems (Zbigniew Herbert’s Pora), and examples of visual arts (Wojciech Pakmur’s paintings of the tango). In her reconstruction of the research field, the Author refers to rhetoric ( Jerzy Ziomek, Seweryna Wysłouch), the philosophy of language (Michel Foucault, Jean-François Lyotard), and neurophenomenology. The aim of the article is to suggest a new mode of reading that seeks inspiration and language in works from the field of neuropsychology (Maria Pąchalska), hermeneutic phenomenology (Mark Johnson), or neurology (António Damásio, Oliver Sacks). The Author’s analyses refer to Raoul Schrott and Arthur Jacobs’s concept (Gehirn und Gedicht, 2011), and the conclusions confirm that one should not look for a model (pattern) in the reception of art, but describe mental processes. The proposed mechanism of interpretation is most accurately reflected by the metaphor of dance improvisation, where one does not meditate on and then perform particular steps and gestures, but “thinks in motion.” This mode of reading emphasizes the spatial dimension of thought processes and their dynamic nature.
PL
The Author is interested in the states of becoming silent, discontinuing one’s utterance, which are associated with certain mechanisms of the functioning of the brain, as well as in the observation of such states in different artistic disciplines. Looking for an answer to the question how aposiopesis operates in words, sounds, and images, she analyzes pieces of music, poems (Zbigniew Herbert’s Pora), and examples of visual arts (Wojciech Pakmur’s paintings of the tango). In her reconstruction of the research field, the Author refers to rhetoric ( Jerzy Ziomek, Seweryna Wysłouch), the philosophy of language (Michel Foucault, Jean-François Lyotard), and neurophenomenology. The aim of the article is to suggest a new mode of reading that seeks inspiration and language in works from the field of neuropsychology (Maria Pąchalska), hermeneutic phenomenology (Mark Johnson), or neurology (António Damásio, Oliver Sacks). The Author’s analyses refer to Raoul Schrott and Arthur Jacobs’s concept (Gehirn und Gedicht, 2011), and the conclusions confirm that one should not look for a model (pattern) in the reception of art, but describe mental processes. The proposed mechanism of interpretation is most accurately reflected by the metaphor of dance improvisation, where one does not meditate on and then perform particular steps and gestures, but “thinks in motion.” This mode of reading emphasizes the spatial dimension of thought processes and their dynamic nature. 
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Artefakt kulturowy w humanistyce

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EN
This article is devoted to the concept of an artifact, as derived from older methodological knowledge (J. Białostocki and E. Panofsky), which has been broadened to include new indicators, such as changes of the virtual era as well as the categories of experience and reflections on narration. By reconstructing the phenomenon of artifacts, the author refers to the category of ‘reality’ accordingto Heidegger and W. Toporow as well as the ideas of a ‘sign’ and ‘theme’, and Polish artistic practice (T. Kantor and Z. Herbert). The concept is situated within the arts as well as within a contextualized area of the social sciences (an actant) and aims to offer new perspectives on the study of culture.
EN
The analyses concern writings with mimetic ambitions, contemporary works written in the 20th century: Big Two-Hearted River (1925) by Ernest Hemingway, Babette’s Feast (1958) by Karen Blixen and To Know a Woman (1989) by Amos Oz. Various degrees of literary reference can be observed: a kind of simulation of tasting a meal in a Hemingway story, a stylization in the representation of Oz’s taste, and a spiritual deformation of somatic sensations in Blixen’s story. The analyses show that the conclusions of writers about food culture depend not only on the culture as such, but also on the individual properties of the mind.
PL
Analizy dotyczą pisarstwa o ambicjach mimetycznych, utworów współczesnych, powstałych w XX wieku: Ernesta Hemingwaya Rzeka dwóch serc (1925), Karen Blixen Uczta Babette (1958) i Amosa Oza Poznać kobietę (1989). Można zaobserwować różny stopień literackiej referencji: rodzaj symulacji smakowania posiłku w opowiadaniu Hemingwaya, stylizacji w reprezentacji smaku Oza oraz duchowej deformacji doznań somatycznych w opowiadaniu Blixen. Z analiz wynika, że wnioski pisarzy na temat kultury żywieniowej zależą nie tylko od kręgu kulturowego, ale także indywidualnych właściwości umysłu.
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Wstęp

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EN
The author is interested in the scope of modifying the way that Polish is taught at school by applying discoveries of social neuroscience. Referring to philosophy (Henri Bergson, Roman Ingarden, Francisco Varela), the latest discoveries in the field of neurology, the differences between emotional and practical experience of the text are considered. Earlier didactic approaches were also recalled (Kazimierz Wóycicki, Bronisław Poletur, Wincenty Okoń, Stanisław Bortnowski, Anna Janus-Sitarz) and the results of an experiment related to intuitive reception of Bolesław Leśmian’s poem ***Wyszło z boru ślepawe, zjesieniałe zmrocze… On this basis an idea of intuitive interpretation was outlined based on phenomenology, neuroscience and her own teaching expertise.
PL
Autorkę interesuje zakres modyfikacji szkolnej polonistyki przez odkrycia z zakresu neuronauki społecznej. Odwołując się do filozofii (Henriego Bergsona, Romana Ingardena, Francisco Vareli), najnowszych odkryć z zakresu neurologii, rozważa różnice pomiędzy „przeżywaniem” a „doświadczaniem”. Przywołano też wcześniejsze koncepcje dydaktyczne (Kazimierza Wóycickiego, Bronisława Poletura, Wincentego Okonia, Stanisława Bortnowskiego, Anny Janus‑Sitarz) oraz wyniki eksperymentu związanego z intuicyjnym odbiorem wiersza Bolesława Leśmiana ***Wyszło z boru ślepawe, zjesieniałe zmrocze… Na tej podstawie została nakreślona strategia lektury intuicyjnej opartej na fenomenologii, neuronauce i własnej praktyce nauczycielskiej.
EN
The appearance of the parody of poetic ekphrasis is an important argument in disputes concerning its status. The author considers Olgerd Dziechciarz's collection of poems Galeria "Humbug" [The "Humbug" Gallery] as a missing link of reconstruction of the genre, referring to her own studies conducted as a post-graduate work Wiersze o obrazach. Studium z dziejów ekfrazy [Poems on pictures. A study in the history of ekphrasis] (in preparation). In the course of the analysis the author referred to paintings (H. Bosch, P. Cezanne, Michelangelo), other poetic commentaries of C. Miłosz, A. Stern as well as studies on art (among others D. Freedberg, F. Arnau), considering mainly the problems connected with the reception of pictures.
EN
Based on the findings of translation experts on the translation series, the author focuses on Polish-German tropes in the works of A.M. Swinarski, carrying out a detailed analysis of selected translations of Goethe’s poems. A comparison of translations by Swinarski, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, Stefan Zarębski, Feliks Konopka and Andrzej Lam reveals changes in the sphere of meanings designed in the original and reflects on the principles of literality and interpretation in translation practice.
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