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Ethics in Progress
|
2014
|
vol. 5
|
issue 1
137-150
PL
In this article I provide a summary of insights on the discipline of cosmoecology. I point out the most important cosmic influences on life on Earth, which justifies the hypothesis of Gaia-Uranos. I consider what kind of features must have characterized the cosmic environment in order for life to evolve in this part of the Universe. The problem of physical parameters of the cosmic environment, necessary for the existence of life, has been recognized for centuries; these considerations find their apogeum in the anthropic principle. Here, I discuss the general features of the cosmic universe: harmony, diversity, non-balance, and the rhythms of phenomena. This perspective on the development of the life on Earth influences the understanding of the human place in the universe, among others creations of nature, through the lens of holistic and pathocentric ethics
EN
In the article it is argued that the conviction that verbally expressed language (as commonly em-ployed by  humans) is  necessary for  thinking is  not  justified. Animals have been found to  employ various communication systems (languages) and, though these are different from human language, they testify to consciousness and thought. Recent research among autistic people has indicated that they frequently think in images rather than words, and it is suggested that this was the original feature of human thinking and may also be the basis of animal thinking.
EN
In the article one considered bases of keeping himself animals in different living standards – during the care over young, in the play, on hunting and at dissolving more difficult problems. One underlined that the conviction about directing himself reflexes and „an instinct”, in the light of many present observations had appeared inadequate. Animals learn across the imitation and the observation of behaviour both representatives of their own sort as and other sort, eg. the man, and the trial method and errors – „the concrete thinking”. Observations show that there, where this is inadequate to dissolving of the problem, try to keep impromptu logical, similarly if this was made by the man, thinking abstractly. The statement so that with the thought and have the consciousness is not groundless anthropomorphism.
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