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První debata o arbitrárnosti jazykového znaku

100%

Krásová E.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

2016

vol. 77

issue 1

23-46

The article examines the debate on the arbitrariness of linguistic sign, which took place between 1939–1949, mostly in Acta linguistica in Copenhagen, and was provoked by Émile Benveniste’s article “The nature of the linguistic sign” (1939). I deal with Benveniste’s three main statements: (1) that the thesis of the arbitrariness of linguistic sign is in contradiction with the formality of language, (2) that the relationship between signifiant and signifié is in fact necessary, and (3) the consequences of the latter for the radical relativity of linguistic values. These three positions are contextualized and examined in the frame of the Copenhagen School’s conception of linguistics and its place among other sciences. I then observe how the problem was formulated by Benveniste’s predecessors E. Pichon and J. Damourette and examine the debate occurring after the publication of Benveniste’s article, which, in addition to the editors of the Course in General Linguistics, included E. Lerch, A. Gardiner. E. Buyssens, N. Ege and A. Martinet. Their positions and criticisms are summarized and evaluated in the scope of the contemporary state of research based on the manuscript sources for the Course.

‘You too, my child?’ On trust and perfidy in classical literature.

71%

Schade G.

Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae

2014

vol. 24

issue 1

185-201

A tripartite approach is proposed in order to get hold of the complex phenomenon of trust and perfidy in classical literature. In a first part two cases of political treason are discussed: the most prominent victim of treason, Julius Caesar, who was very much surprised when he saw Brutus among his assassins, and the greatest traitor in antiquity ever, Alcibiades. Protean perfidy, however, is a gender-crossing issue, and a second part is dedicated to literary figures, in particular to women. Aeschylus’ Clytemnestra is an outstanding example of a perfidious character. Finally, a third part is concerned with words, for πίστις and fides have attracted the attention of classical scholars and structural linguists alike. At the beginning, however, Hamlet is introduced, an expert both in trust and perfidy as well as in classical literature.

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1 Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

1 Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae

1 Krásová E.

1 Schade G.

1 2016

1 2014

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První debata o arbitrárnosti jazykového znaku

‘You too, my child?’ On trust and perfidy in classical literature.