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Społeczność Wielunia w pierwszej połowie XVI w.

100%
Nowak T. A.
Rocznik Lubelskiego Towarzystwa Genealogicznego
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2012
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vol. 4
65-83
EN
Wieluń in the first half of the 16th century was a middle-sized town but could be considered a big one in Greater Poland. The described town society had to live in the finest period in Wieluń’s history, without wars and natural disasters, but in a convenient location on trade routes. The town was a conglomerate of various social, professional, religious and informal groups. Along with natural divisions resulting from the place of residence (within the town walls and outside), profession or identity there also existed differences in terms of their class. New burgesses came from the very bourgeoisie, but also from peasantry and gentry, though mainly poor. The society of Wieluń could also be divided in a considerably lesser degree on account of their ethnic affiliation and professed religion, Jews and Protestants infrequently settled there. The role of a keystone, the element binding together bourgeoisie varying in terms of their social background and economic status was best performed on religious plane, although it was far from equality even there. However, all of them met in the parish church (and other churches), belonged to the same fraternities, gave donations for the building of the same altars and finally were buried at the same cemeteries.
2
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Przyczynki do genealogii Żółkiewskich w XVI w.

100%
Ternes J.
Rocznik Lubelskiego Towarzystwa Genealogicznego
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2012
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vol. 4
84-95
EN
It could seem that the history of the Żółkiewskis, one of the most famous and distinguished families in the Commonwealth at the turn of the 16th and 17th century, should be very well known and documented. In fact, with regard to political and especially military activity of the chancellor and the great Crown hetman Stanisław and partly of his father’s we know quite a lot. However, surprisingly little is known about the hetman’s ancestors – the Żółkiewskis from Żółkiew (current name Żółkiewka) near Krasnystaw. Rather laconic and often misleading information contained in Paprocki’s or Niesiecki’s armorials was without much criticism repeated by historians. Meanwhile a thorough library research of court registers from Chełm and Krasnystaw led to many new findings, shedding a new light on their family connections. It can be inferred from this source that the grandfather of hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski was in fact not Mikołaj, the alleged Bełżec voivod, as armorists would have it, but Stanisław, Khorunzhyi of Chełm and Krasnystaw, succamerarius of Bełżec and a judge of Chełm, who died in 1525. It was also possible to capture the family connections and activity of hetman’s paternal uncles (Jan, Tomasz, Kasper and Marcelin) and cousins (Paweł, Andrzej, Jan, Tomasz and Idzi) in the Chełm Land. An attempt was also made at explaining the fact of the co-occurrence of two Żółkiewski families, with different coats of arms – Lubicz and Bończa, and it was possible to trace the origins of the latter ones to the Radwański family, having their parts of land in Żółkiew, who with time started using the place-derived name as well.
3
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Nazwy z Nowego Świata w opracowanych po czesku szesnastowiecznych tekstach o wielkich odkryciach geograficznych

75%
Wiśniewski M.
Acta onomastica
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 2
597-605
EN
The Names from the New World in Czech Texts on Geographical Discoveries from the 16th Century The first Czech texts about new discoveries were the Czech issue of Sebastian Münster’s Cosmography, translated by Zikmund from Púchov, and Mikuláš Bakalár’s Spis o nových zemiech a o Novém svete. In these two old prints, there are many names from the New World which were at all not known before. Since Christopher Columbus discovered the New World in 1492, there were a lot of other people, such as Ferdinand Magellan or Amerigo Vespucci, who tried to reach more unknown lands and explore them. All of them were widely spoken about in 16th century Europe, especially at West-European courts and in big cities. Such small countries as the Kingdom of Bohemia had hardly any information about these phenomena, which changed the history and the way of thinking. In these texts the names describe objects mainly in the area of the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, North and South America, Indian Ocean, Oceania and Indochina. According to traditional linguistic theories, words and expression which are to be incorporated into the system of a new language must be fitted into its grammatical structure. Thus, they are a very useful material which shows how these new words were adapted into the Czech grammatical system on each level: phonetic, morphological and syntactic. The analysis of these lexical items will enable us to present linguistic changes both in speech and writing. Some of these words were fully adapted, some of them only partially, the other ones in a small degree. The other aim of the research is to examine the relation between language and culture regarding to completely new and unknown things. The names from the New World in the analyzed texts are proper names which can be classified as exonyms. An exonym is a domestic form of a foreign geographical name. Exonyms, as all proper names, have their onymic functions, and there is always one dominant function which refers to the receivers of the communication process. The 16th century Czech texts on the New World were created in order to inform people about the new phenomena which were to change their cognition.
4

UHORSKO V 16. STOROČÍ: PRÍSAHY VERNOSTI A POSLUŠNOSTI CIRKEVNÝCH OSÔB

75%
Nemeš J.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2013
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vol. 17
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issue 2
64 – 79
EN
The author of the paper attempts to clarify one of the still unclear issues of the early modern Hungarian church history. In the modern history of Hungary, most instrumental in the institute of oaths were Nikolaus Olahus, Archbishop of Esztergom, and Ferenc Forgách, Bishop of Nitra. The former began to use them in a large scale thanks to which they became a custom. The latter issued a practical “handbook” on them in the form of statute by which he unified their form and content. Thinking about the oath in the church in general, one must take into consideration two periods, with the Council of Trent as a turning point. After the latter the pledging was changed into the general profession of faith.
5

VÍNO A VINOHRADY V TESTAMENTOCH BRATISLAVSKÝCH MEŠŤANOV ZO 16. STOROČIA

75%
Tózsa-Rigó A.
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2012
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vol. 60
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issue 4
577 – 593
EN
Wine-production played an important role both in the economic structure and in every day life in the Late Middle Ages and in Early Modern times. The second Testamentary Book of the town of Bratislava includes 388 last wills from the period 1529−1557. Three-quarters of the testaments or wills (276 documents) contain orders about vineyards. The study analyses the sexual division, the trade and the property status of the owners. Moreover it provides insights on the real estate concentration and on the wine trade in Central Europe in the Early Modern period.
6
Content available remote

[recenzja:] Henryk Dubowik: Inkunabuły i cimelia z XVI wieku w zbiorach Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, przy współpracy Aldony Chlewickiej i Bernardety Iwańskiej-Cieślik, Bydgoszcz 2009

63%
Wagner A.
Toruńskie Studia Bibliologiczne
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2011
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vol. 4
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issue 1(6)
135-143
EN
The article presents a book on the most precious old books from the special collections of the Library of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz. The book, written by the long-time director and the founder of the Library, gives the reader a unique opportunity to learn of precious prints usually hidden from their eyes, from printing houses located in such cities as Basel, Maintz or Antwerp. The book not only records the most unique items from the Library's collection, but also describes their origins, their distinctive features and presents some of their most interesting pages.
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