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1

Adjectives in Hypotaxis: Proposed Dimensions for a Description of Syntagms in Modern Written Arabic

100%

Michalski M.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2009

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vol. 51

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issue 1

39-56

EN

The purpose of this paper is to propose dimensions enabling a systematic description of biconstituent hypotactic adjectival syntagms in Modern Written Arabic. A dimension is conceived of as a set of homegeneous properties characterizing syntagms. A biconstituent hypotactic adjectival syntagm is a complex lingual sign constituted by two words that are bound by the relation of qualification; "adjectival" means that at least one of these words is an adjective. Adjectives are identified as a separate part of speech on the grounds of their attributive capability and concord with the qualified substantive.Nine dimensions are proposed that make it possible to characterize syntagms with regard to properties of their adjectival constituent, morphological indicators of qualification, linear properties, syntactic function of their constituents and reducibility of a syntagm to its qualificatum. The dimensions and properties they contain can be used for conducting a characterization of any biconstituent hypotactic adjectival syntagm, i.e. determining a set of nine properties it shows with regard to all nine dimensions.

2

The Dual Distal Demonstrative in Modern Standard Arabic: Between Norms and Non-Canonicity

100%

Michalski M.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2011

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vol. 53

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issue 2

61-73

EN

The system of the demonstrative pronouns in Classical Arabic (CA), on which that of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) is based, is distance-oriented and has been described as a two-term (proximal-distal) or three-term (proximal-medial-distal) system. A characteristic feature of the subsystem of the distal demonstratives in CA was that it had a suffix indicating the gender and number of the addressee(s). Within the subsystem of distal demonstratives, the dual form has not been described in a unanimous way: authors do not agree as to its form, some give more than one, others do not mention the issue, while according to some descriptions this form does not exist at all. In MSA texts, the function of the dual distal demonstrative is, however, sometimes carried out by a form which according to CA rules should be used when a singular object is pointed to and two persons are being addressed. This means that some users of MSA have reinterpreted the CA indicator of a dual addressee, -kumā, as the indicator of the duality of the object pointed to.

3

Arabic Loanwords In Swahili: Addenda

80%

Baldi S.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2008

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vol. 50

9-22

EN

This article deals mainly with a phonological treatment of Arabic loans, offering examples of how each Arabic phoneme is rendered in Swahili. The work is based on a large database collected from main Swahili dictionaries and previous literature on this topics. It is interesting to show that the phonological system has absorbed some Arabic sounds along with the borrowed vocabulary, although the grammatical structure of the language has been unaffected by its contact with Arabic. The method of choosing true loans was based on the phonological and the semantic resemblance among the two languages. The result of a such work was a first large panorama of a phonological Arabic loans treatment. Arabic has introduced into Swahili some phonemes which did not exist. There is some variation among Swahili speakers in the pronunciation of these loanwords. The borrowed phonemes are most likely to occur in the speech of Muslim native speakers from the coast and for whom pronunciation of these sounds as closely as possible to the Arabic model is a matter of prestige. Swahili was also a medium of spreading Arabic Loans, so for this reason at the end of the article, some examples of Arabic loans, which were spread through Swahili in Eastern Africa, are given.

4

Les flux de traduction entre les deux rives de la Méditerranée

80%

Touchi-Benmansour L.

Translationes

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2013

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vol. 5

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issue 1

92-103

EN

The past few years have seen the emergence of a Euro-Mediterranean policy for intercultural exchange, amongst others, the translation of written literature. Flow analysis of Arabic-French translations between the two sides reinforces the idea, already known, of unequal exchange. For reasons of specialization, in this study we will limit ourselves to the translation of works from the humanities and social sciences, referring, however, to literary translations published in the past two decades, for comparison

5

On Gender and Apology Strategies: The Case of Arabic

80%

Harb M. A.

Gender Studies

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2015

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vol. 14

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issue 1

224-265

EN

The purpose of this study is to see whether gender plays a role in the apology strategies employed by native speakers of Arabic, i.e., how Arab males and females express apologies in different situations. Data necessary for this study were collected via a Discourse Completion Task (DCT) questionnaire, incorporating 10 real-life scenarios in the form of short descriptive statements. In accordance with the Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realisation Patterns, participants’ responses(n = 20) were analysed and further classified into five distinct apology strategies: (Illocutionary Force Indicating Device (IFID), Responsibility (RESP), Explanation (EXPL), Repair (REPR), and Forbearance (FORB)). The researcher initially hypothesised that apology strategies employed by participants would exhibit more differences than similarities among native speakers of Arabic. Contrary to previously conducted research on this subject (i.e., attesting more differences), the data analysed (n = 350 apology exchanges) revealed more similarities than differences regardless of gender. In fact, no statistically significant differences were found. In addition to contributing to the current theoretical debate on gender and gender-related topics, the results of this study may entail pedagogical implications for those in direct contact with Arab learners of English as a Second Language or with speakers of Arabic in general terms.

6

Early Arabic Phonetical Theory. Phonetics of al-Halil Ibn Ahmad and Sibawaihi

80%

Danecki J.

Rocznik Orientalistyczny

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vol. Rocznik Orientalistyczny, T. 39, Z. 2 (1978)

7

Swahili: A Donor Language

80%

Baldi S.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2011

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vol. 53

|

issue 1

7-24

EN

Swahili is a Bantu language, more specifically a member of the Sabaki subgroup of North East Coast Bantu. Swahili was first written in Arabic script, in which there are manuscripts dating back to the early 18th century. A Roman alphabet which is now standard was introduced during the colonial period, although some Swahili-speaking Muslims continue to use Arabic script, especially in private correspondence. The cultural importance of Islam is reflected in the large number of loanwords from Arabic. Swahili is the national language in Tanzania and Kenya and largely spoken in the nearby countries. It has also an important role as a donor language in East Africa and Central Africa, not only to other Bantu idioms, but also to other languages belonging to different linguistic families.

8

Seit Lichtenstein nichts Neues? – oder: zur Idee einer Urverwandtschaft des Arabischen mit dem Deutschen

80%

Knüppel M.

Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia

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2012

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vol. 17

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issue 4

179-183

EN

The following review article deals with the dilettantish attempts of cAbdal-Ḥaqq Fāḍil to connect German and Arabic in the sense of genetic language relationship. The author of the book under review is neither able to clarify whether he means “German” or “Germanic”, nor whether he wants to postulate Arabic as a kind of worldproto-language or to create a new language family. In addition, he ignores all well-known Lautgesetze (sound laws) as well as all researches in the field of historical linguistics of the last two hundred years.

9

Glocal Arabic online: The case of 3arabizi

70%

Bianchi R. M.

Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching

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2012

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vol. 2

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issue 4

483-503

EN

The term glocal has been used to describe phenomena that simultaneously blend both global and local elements (see Featherstone, Lash, & Robertson, 1995, p. 101). Nowhere is this more evident than in the existence of 3arabizi, itself a blended language composed of English and Vernacular Arabic, written in Latin letters but using arithmographemes, that is, numerals as letters to represent hard-to-transliterate sounds because they do not exist in English (see Bianchi, 2012).1 As part of a doctoral study investigating online language choice involving Arabic and English, this paper examines the unique stylistic and topical functions of 3 arabizi when compared with its linguistic forbears, that is, Arabic and English in a multilingual web forum. The findings indicate that 3arabizi is used for more informal, intimate and phatic communication than either Arabic or English, though these latter two languages or codes are not entirely formal in form and purpose either.

10

The Changing Face of the Arabic Bible: Translation Techniques in Early Renditions of Ezekiel

70%

Hjälm M. L.

Open Theology

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

This article presents a study of Ezekiel 1 in five unpublished Christian Arabic manuscripts dated from the ninth to the fourteenth centuries. We will demonstrate that the manuscripts, in principal, represent two different versions. Both versions are based on the Syriac Peshiṭṭa but various degrees of influence from the Septuagint are evident. Our main aim is to examine the approach to translation exhibited in the manuscripts. In general, the earliest witness represents a literal translation which pays attention to structural affinity but allows for minor deviations, mainly omissions for the sake of the target language. In the younger manuscripts, an increasing number of additions are introduced as a means of commenting, clarifying and ornamenting the biblical narrative. It appears that texts in the traditional liturgical languages were still in use, which explains their non-literal and target-oriented character.

11

La terminologie scientifique et technique arabe entre rupture et continuité

70%

Hamzé H.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2021

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issue 13

133-148

EN

The Arabic lexicon is built on consonantal roots. Unlike agglutinative languages, it uses internal flexion. However, a significant part of modern Arabic scientific terminology is borrowed from Western languages, especially French and English. Extensive borrowing of this kind risks the emergence of two distinct subsets within the Arabic lexicon: a. the general vocabulary includes the words used by everyone in everyday life. This vocabulary is built on consonant roots, mainly with three consonants. Unlike French and English dictionaries, Arabic dictionaries are organized by roots and not by entries in alphabetical order. ; b. the specialized vocabulary includes the terms of scientific and technical disciplines used by specialists in their fields. This vocabulary is built on syllables like the vocabulary of European languages. This text will examine the problems of extensive register-specific lexical borrowing, and the risk of fracture that this presents.

12

Challenges in the Study of “Spanish” Loanwords in Late Medieval and Early Modern English

70%

Roig-Marín A.

Anglica Wratislaviensia

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2019

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issue 57

137-147

EN

The study of copious Latin and French loanwords which entered the English language in the Middle Ages and the early modern period has tended to eclipse the appreciation of more limited—yet equally noteworthy—lexical contributions from other languages. One of such languages, Spanish, is the focus of this article. A concise overview of the Spanish influence on English throughout its history will help to contextualize a set of lexicographical data from the OED which has received scant attention in research into the influence of Spanish on English, that is, lexis dating to the late medieval and early modern period. It re-evaluates the underlying Arabic influx in English common to Spanish and revisits some of the lexicographical challenges in tracing the etymology of words which could have potentially been borrowed from a range of Romance languages.

13

Glocal Arabic online: The case of 3arabizi

70%

Bianchi R. M.

Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching

|

2012

|

vol. 2

|

issue 4

483-503

EN

The term glocal has been used to describe phenomena that simultaneously blend both global and local elements (see Featherstone, Lash, & Robertson, 1995, p. 101). Nowhere is this more evident than in the existence of 3arabizi, itself a blended language composed of English and Vernacular Arabic, written in Latin letters but using arithmographemes, that is, numerals as letters to represent hard-to-transliterate sounds because they do not exist in English (see Bianchi, 2012).1 As part of a doctoral study investigating online language choice involving Arabic and English, this paper examines the unique stylistic and topical functions of 3 arabizi when compared with its linguistic forbears, that is, Arabic and English in a multilingual web forum. The findings indicate that 3arabizi is used for more informal, intimate and phatic communication than either Arabic or English, though these latter two languages or codes are not entirely formal in form and purpose either.

14

The Pragmatics of Arabic Religious Posts on Facebook: A Relevance-theoretic Account

70%

Zaki M.

Research in Language

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2017

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vol. 15

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issue 1

37-60

EN

Despite growing interest in the impact of computer-mediated communication on our lives, linguistic studies on such communication conducted in the Arabic language are scarce. Grounded in Relevance Theory, this paper seeks to fill this void by analysing the linguistic structure of Arabic religious posts on Facebook. First, I discuss communication on Facebook, treating it as a relevance-seeking process of writing or sharing posts, with the functions of ‘Like’ and ‘Share’ seen as cues for communicating propositional attitude. Second, I analyse a corpus of around 80 posts, revealing an interesting use of imperatives, interrogatives and conditionals which manipulate the interpretation of such posts between descriptive and interpretive readings. I also argue that a rigorous system of incentives is employed in such posts in order to boost their relevance. Positive, negative and challenging incentives link the textual to the visual message in an attempt to raise more cognitive effects for the readers.

15

The Syllable Shape of Al-Ahsa Dialect: An OT Perspective

70%

Aljumah A.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2008

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vol. 44

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issue 2

155-177

EN

This work discusses the syllable structure of Al-Ahsa dialect of Arabic. Al-Ahsa dialect is a variation of Arabic spoken in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. An OT (Prince and Smolensky 1993, 2004) framework is adopted and provides a complete analysis of the syllable structure found in the dialect under discussion. It is concluded that Al-Ahsa dialect prohibits initial consonant clusters but allows complex codas. The geminates, however, are allowed medially and finally.

16

Arabic ConjunctionWA: A Conflict in Pragmatic Principles

70%

Yagi S., Ali M.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2008

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vol. 44

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issue 4

617-627

EN

This paper discusses the Arabic coordination particle wa and its use and function on the basis of the Gricean cooperative principle. It aims to provide an outline of the maxims utilized by Arabic speakers in their interpretation of this conjunction. It demonstrates that interpretation brings out a conflict between the Gricean conversational maxims. The context of communication is investigated for a resolution of the conflict. It is argued that context and the functional understanding of language are more decisive in the interpretation of language utterances than either the conventional meaning of a linguistic element or the principle of communicative cooperation.

17

Matar and metron in papyri: The Greek origin of an Arabic measure

61%

Berkes L., Vanthieghem N.

The Journal of Juristic Papyrology

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2019

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issue 49

31-40

EN

Edition of the Arabic account P. Louvre inv. E 6380 originating from the Fayum and dating to the second half of the eighth century. The document strongly suggests that the Arabic measure matar derives from the Greek metron.

18

Ignacy Krasicki po arabsku. Analiza krytyczna przekładu Karola Załuskiego

61%

Siwiec P.

Między Oryginałem a Przekładem

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2015

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vol. 28

43-54

EN

In 1860, count Karol Załuski (1834 1919) published a booklet containing his Arabic translations of four fables by the leading Polish Enlightment Age poet Ignacy Krasicki, as well as Polish translations of four Arabic Lokman’s fables. Thus, for the first time in history, pieces of Polish literature were translated into Arabic by a Polish orientalist. Cast into oblivion for almost a century, the booklet was eventually discovered and briefly described by the Polish orientalist Jan Reychman in the mid twentieth century. This paper is an analysis of Załuski’s translation as well as a more detailed description of the booklet itself.

19

Letter Visibility and the Optimal Viewing Position Effect of Isolated Connected and Un-Connected Letters in Arabic

61%

Ganayim D.

Psychology of Language and Communication

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2015

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vol. 19

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issue 3

174-200

EN

The present study provides a further exploration of the role of Arabic letter visibility as a possible cause of the Optimal Viewing Position (OVP) effect. We used isolated connected and un-connected Arabic letters of different shapes (basic, initial, medial, final) placed at the center of fixation (Experiment 1) and at various possible positions in isolated presentation (Experiment 2). In order to investigate whether performance in the visual identification task is modulated by letter type, we presented each of the isolated connected and un-connected letter targets in each of the eleven stimulus positions across the array to produce a mean RT (ms) for each of the letter types. Using the initial fixation paradigm enabled us to compare reaction times with correctly identified letter targets appearing in the different possible positions. The findings of the present experiments demonstrated that visual letter recognition is influenced by: (i) the isolated letters’ type (connected, un-connected), as connected letters are easier to recognize than un-connected letters; (ii) isolated letters’ shape (basic, initial, medial, final), as medial and final are harder to recognize than basic and initial letter shapes; (iii) visual field, as reading rates were longer for letter stimuli that were presented in LVF compared to RVF; and (iv) eccentricity, as letter reading rates were correlated with their eccentric placement.

20

On the possibility of applying the research methods of lexical availability studiesto Middle Arabic and dialectal Arabic texts

61%

Guidotti G.

Folia Orientalia

|

2019

|

vol. LVI

Refine search results

Adjectives in Hypotaxis: Proposed Dimensions for a Description of Syntagms in Modern Written Arabic

The Dual Distal Demonstrative in Modern Standard Arabic: Between Norms and Non-Canonicity

Arabic Loanwords In Swahili: Addenda

Les flux de traduction entre les deux rives de la Méditerranée

On Gender and Apology Strategies: The Case of Arabic

Early Arabic Phonetical Theory. Phonetics of al-Halil Ibn Ahmad and Sibawaihi

Swahili: A Donor Language

Seit Lichtenstein nichts Neues? – oder: zur Idee einer Urverwandtschaft des Arabischen mit dem Deutschen

Glocal Arabic online: The case of 3arabizi

The Changing Face of the Arabic Bible: Translation Techniques in Early Renditions of Ezekiel

La terminologie scientifique et technique arabe entre rupture et continuité

Challenges in the Study of “Spanish” Loanwords in Late Medieval and Early Modern English

Glocal Arabic online: The case of 3arabizi

The Pragmatics of Arabic Religious Posts on Facebook: A Relevance-theoretic Account

The Syllable Shape of Al-Ahsa Dialect: An OT Perspective

Arabic ConjunctionWA: A Conflict in Pragmatic Principles

Matar and metron in papyri: The Greek origin of an Arabic measure

Ignacy Krasicki po arabsku. Analiza krytyczna przekładu Karola Załuskiego

Letter Visibility and the Optimal Viewing Position Effect of Isolated Connected and Un-Connected Letters in Arabic

On the possibility of applying the research methods of lexical availability studiesto Middle Arabic and dialectal Arabic texts