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BE
У артыкуле разглядаюцца аповесці Андрэя Федарэнкі і Міхася Андрасюка, у якіх cтавяцца праблемы адчужанасці, адасаблення i самотнасці прадстаўнікоў значнай колькасці беларускага грамадства, што з’яўляюцца вынікам міграцыі жыхароў вёскі ў горад, непрыстасавання да новых умоў жыцця і цывілізацыйных патрабаванняў. Пісьменнікі паказваюць свет рэчаіснасці праз унутраныя перажыванні звычайнага чалавека і бесперапынныя вымушаныя выбары, якія толькі паглыбляюць адчужанасць чалавека ў грамадскім жыцці, яго самотнасць у тлуме іншых людзей, асяроддзя і нават у сям’і. У аповесці Ланцуг (1994) А. Федарэнка паказвае, як яго героі ствараюць ілюзорныя ўласныя прыярытэты. У сваю чаргу складаныя сямейныя адносіны, адрозненні ў характары герояў аповесці Белы конь (2006) сталі падставай для рэфлексійна-лірычных разважанняў М. Андрасюка пра недаўгавечны свет старога грамадскага ладу. Абодва пісьменнікі праз сваіх герояў умацоўваюць перакананне чытача, што праблема адчужанасці чалавека ў грамадствах, што цывілізацыйна хутка развіваюцца, становіцца лавінай, якая расце і прыносіць драматычныя і нават трагічныя рашэнні – уцёкі ў хваробу, у свет мараў/ілюзій/фантазій і, нарэшце, самагубства.
EN
This article analyses the stories of Andrey Fiedarenko and Michas Androsiuk, in which the problems of alienation, isolation and loneliness of representatives of a large part of Belarusian society were raised. They resulted from the migration of country dwellers to the city and their failure to adapt to new living conditions and civilization requirements. The writers show the reality of the world through the inner experiences of an ordinary man and constant forced choices, which only deepen the isolation of people from social life, increasing marginalization, loneliness in the crowd, the environment, the surrounding and even in the family. In the story The Chain (1994), A. Fiedarenko shows the illusory creation of life’s priorities of his heroes. The colourful and complex family relations, differences in the characters of the heroes of the story The White Horse (2006) became the basis for M. Androsiuk’s reflective and lyrical discussions on the passing world of the old social system. Both writers, through their heroes, confirm the reader in the belief that the problem of alienating man in rapidly developing societies is becoming a dramatically increasing issue and brings dramatic or even tragic solutions – escaping into illness, into the world of dreams / illusion / fantasy and finally into suicide.
PL
Imię Františka Rut Tichý’ego (1886–1968), pseudonim Zdeněk Broman, który zajmował się tłumaczeniem na język czeski (głównie poezji) z niemieckiego, francuskiego i języków słowiańskich, bardzo dobrze znali przedstawiciele kręgów naukowych germanistów, bohemistów i slawistów. Obecnie zarówno tłumacz, jak i jego działalność należą do osiągnięć zapomnianych krzewicieli kultury słowiańskiej żyjących i pracujących w pierwszej połowie XX wieku. Autor artykułu omawia działalność Tichy’ego związaną z czeskimi badaniami białorutenistycznymi w okresie międzywojennym (niektóre z nich dotyczą okresu po 1945 roku), zwłaszcza w zakresie tłumaczeń literatury białoruskiej na język czeski (Yanka Kupala, Aleś Dudar, Arkadź Morkavka, Cishka Gartny). Po raz pierwszy opublikowano pełną bibliografię tłumaczeń Tichy’ego z języka białoruskiego (tłumaczenia zachowały się w prywatnych zbiorach archiwum literackiego Muzeum Piśmiennictwa Narodowego Pradze).
EN
The name of Frantishek Rut Tihi (1886–1968) who gave himself the pseudonym Zdenek Broman was well known by German specialists, Czech specialists and Slavists. He was engaged in translations from German, French and the Slavonic languages into the Czech language (poetry mostly). Nowadays the author and his activity belong to the feats of forgotten propagators of Slavonic cultures who lived and worked in the first half of the 20th century. The article discusses his work devoted to Belarusian studies carried by Czech scholars in the interwar period (with some exceptions after 1945), especially the translations of the Belarusian literature into the Czech language (Yanka Kupala, Ales Dudar, Arkady Morkavka, Cishka Gartny). The bibliography of all Tihi’s translations from the Belarusian language has been published for the first time (translations have been preserved in his private resources in literary archives in Památníku národního písemnictví in Prague).
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