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PL
The article presents the results of an analysis of a grave from the late 10th century or the early 11th century, discovered in an early medieval cemetery in Bodzia in the eastern Kujawy region. The grave: unique not only by the cemetery’s standards, included, among other things, an oak club fitted in two bronze sheets. Comparative materials allow for interpreting it as the so-called insignia club (a kind of mace). It was an attribute of power used in medieval Europe at least since the 11th century by members of the highest secular and clerical elites, e.g. during armed expeditions. The preserved funeral inventory of the grave where the “club” was found indicates that a layman was buried there. Comparative materials used in the Bodzia find, also with respect to the function, is provided by the Bayeux Tapestry (northern France) woven in the 2nd half of the 11th century and presenting the battle of Hastings in1066.
EN
Excavation of the early medieval cemetery at Bodzia north of Włocławek uncovered the grave of a warrior who had been buried with his belt and sword. The belt had a strap-end with engraved marks, among which the author has identified letters of the Glagolitic script and the bident sign of the Rurikids. The mark at the top of the right prong of the bident, once considered to be a cross, gave rise to the author’s original hypothesis that the bident represented Svyatopolk, son-in-law of king Boleslaus the Brave. The mark at the top of the prong has now been identified as the hammer of Mjolnir, a symbol of the Norse god Thor, leading the author to retract his original interpretation.
Archeologia Polski
|
2013
|
vol. 58
|
issue 1-2
143-162
EN
The author presents the results of a study of a grave (presumed cenotaph) from the early 11th c., discovered in the early medieval cemetery in Bodzia in the eastern Kuyavia region of Poland. The grave, which is unique not only from the perspective of the cemetery in question, contained among others an incomplete, disassembled folding balance for weighing precious metals. The elements of this balance were deposited in two separate clusters inside a box coffin. A comparative analysis of the object has placed it within the sphere of funerary practices of a secular elite inhabiting the Baltic zone in the 10th–11th c., particularly the Scandinavians, Rus’ and Finno-Ugric peoples and Prussians. Folding balance from burial contexts, found in a similarly incomplete and disassembled state as in Bodzia, are known from Finland, from cemeteries dated to the 11th c.
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