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1

SEMANTIC VARIATION, SEMANTIC INVARIANT AND AMBISEMY IN RUSSIAN

100%
Kirklewicz A.
Slavia Orientalis
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2008
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vol. 57
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issue 1
129-145
EN
The author considers the notion of ambisemy as a factor of semantic interpretation of linguistic signs in the different syntagmatic contexts. The ambisemy means the co-operation of two meaning components: the endosemantics of signs, i.e. of their system, linguistic content, as well as the exosemantics, i.e. the grounded on knowledge about world, cognitive semantics. Semantic invariant contains the relation between two objects, which is treated in given social group as a norm. The author analyses the realization of the ambisemy on the lexical and grammatical categories, in peculiarity on the relative and valuing words as well as on the grammatical category of aspect.
2

FROM ONTOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES TO SEMANTIC FEATURE STRUCTURES - EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON ASPECT IN POLISH

100%
Wlodarczyk H.
Cognitive Studies
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2009
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issue 9
15-32
EN
The authoress' aim is the formalisation of semantic concepts using experimental Computer-aided Acquisition of Semantic Knowledge (CASK) method. This method is being used at CELTA with the SEMANA (SEMantic ANAlyser) software which was especially designed for this purpose. The case study she proposes is the experimental research on Aspect in Polish: she shows how although rich nevertheless intuitive notions resulting from years of traditional research can be formalised with computational methods of data analysis. She uses the notation close to that of Semantic Feature Structures as a representation language for describing the category of aspect in Polish taking into account not only the grammatical core of this category but also the whole semantic field (called 'aspectuality' by A.V. Bondarko) regardless of its pertaining to various levels of expression (morphological, syntactical or lexical). To model the Category of Aspect the authoress treats ontological types of situations as conditions for two relevant aspect parameters she calls Analysis of the situation (or Internal Aspect) and Control of the situation (or External Aspect). In order to cope both with the lexical diversity of aspectual morphemes (prefixes) and the grammatical (dichotomous and obligatory) character of aspect in Slavic languages, she has proposed to define the perfective aspect as a hypercategory. The database of Polish Aspect was analysed using KDD statistical tools (Sauvet (2008)): thus, she obtained the first preliminary experience-based semantic definitions of the perfective and imperfective values of the category of aspect in a Slavic language.
3

ON THE CATEGORY OF ASPECT IN BENGALI

88%
Rácová A.
Asian and African Studies
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2010
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vol. 19
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issue 1
109-133
EN
Although, in some languages, the research of the category of aspect goes as far back as the end of the 19th century, for the new Indian languages this is a relatively new problem. It started to pay attention to aspect only as late as in the middle of the 20th century, and relatively little research has been done in this area up to now. This also applies for Bengali, where within investigating this verbal category several approaches have appeared. The aim of the article is to present a brief survey of the history of the research of aspect in Bengali as well as on the basis of existing findings. The authoress analyses Bengali texts to provide her own view of the means which expressed this semantic category in the Bengali language.
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