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Człowiek w zagadkach: archetyp i jego struktura

100%
Kazantsewa H.
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
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2006
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vol. 18
187-198
PL
Człowiek w zagadkach: archetyp i jego struktura
EN
The authoress starts with an assumption that on the basis of linguistic nomination it is possible to reconstruct cultural stereotypes as well as the system of beliefs and mythological images. With this assumption, she analyzes Byelorussian riddles relating to people, with Russian and Polish ones as the background for comparison. Three groups of riddles are identified: 1. the ones describing people and the stages in their lives (the riddles contain situational metaphors: 'In the morning on all fours, in midday on two legs, in the evening on three horses'); 2. describing the appearance and body structure of a human being (the coding is performed through elements of neologisms (patray 'eyes' (the name is related to looking), sapay 'nose' (related to heavy breathing), petsay 'belly' (related to bursting)) and metaphorically (the head: Pol. 'palka' (club; cudgel), the torso: Pol. 'beczka' (barrel), etc.); 3. describing a body part, with preference given to the tongue and the teeth. In the last group the name is usually formed on the basis of the function performed by a given referent. Some cryptonyms are used when the tongue and teeth are treated as elements of the digestive system, others when they refer to speech organs.
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Hrdý bojovník, líná služka a pověrčivý domorodec. Jeden z evropských pohledů na mimoevropskou kulturu

75%
Jiroušková J.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
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2012
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vol. 22
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issue 1
19 – 27
EN
The article focuses on the historical reconstruction of a vision of “exotic” reality. The example chosen is that of former missionary, Martin Bohdan Lány (1876-1941), a man whose determination is documented by the surroundings and the time he lived in. M. B. Lány was a long-term co-worker of the Náprstek Museum to which he sent several hundred objects from 1903 to 1911 from East Africa in the area around Mount Kilimanjaro. His choice of objects influenced the perception of East African culture in Bohemia and contributed to the creation of several stereotypes associated with the local population: a proud warrior or a patient, less intelligent governess. The study is based on an evaluation of the primary sources stored in the archives of the National Museum – Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures.
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