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„Artefix Medicinae”, czyli o Celsusie i „De Medicina”. Wybrane zagadnienia

100%
Krajewska J.
Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne
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2019
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vol. 26
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issue 1
5-14
EN
De medicina by Aulus Cornelius Celsus is the oldest preserved and at the same time the most important source of knowledge about medicine in the Western world until the first century AD. We do not know much about Celus, why De Medicina was forgotten between the 2nd and 9th centuries AD, and whether Celsus was a practicing physician. Was he a professional doctor or surgeon, or just a layperson with medical knowledge? Only one answer will be correct. "Today, De Medicina can be read for the benefit and interest of both physicians and non-professional readers because of its historical value.”
2
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Medical Science of Milk Included in Celsus’ Treatise De medicina

88%
Kokoszko M., Dybała J.
Studia Ceranea
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2016
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vol. 6
323-353
EN
Milk was a very significant food product in the Mediterranean. The present study is not devoted to milk as such, but to therapeutic galactology, galaktologia iatrike (γαλακτολογία ἰατρική), a version of which is extant in De medicina penned by a Roman encyclopaedist called Celsus. The author places milk and milk-derived products among therapeutic substances, indicates the methods of processing such substances, and also provides the readers with details on dietary and pharmacological characteristics of dairy foods as well as indicating their place in a number of cures. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the characterizations of milk and dairy products with regard to their dietary properties and application as pharmakon (φάρμκον) are not an exclusive feature of De medicina, but they are regularly mentioned not only in medical works, such as De diaeta I–IV, teachings of Dioscorides, extant fragments penned by Rufus of Ephesus, Galen, Oribasius, Aetius of Amida and Paul of Aegina, but also in Historia naturalis by Pliny. This is a clear sign that milk was considered to be significant from the medical point of view and was as such very interesting both for the medical profession and for general public. Therefore De medicina appears as a typical work, and details contained in it are simply a testimony of the evolution of the doctrine that was already present in De Diaeta I–IV and later developed by the most prominent physicians.
3

Magical Power of Names in Origen’s Polemic against Celsus

88%
Šedina M.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
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2013
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vol. 136
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issue 1-2
7-25
EN
One of the important topics of Origen’s treatise Against Celsus is a defence of Christians from accusations of magical practices, seen primarily in their incantation of Christ’s name. In his appraisal, Celsus draws on the Platonic principles of the “care for the soul”, according to which every contact with the world of divine is carried out on the basis of philosophical knowledge, accomplished by the assimilation of the soul to the image of god. For Celsus, there is no other way of getting in connection with the divine, and thus the Christian faith in Jesus’ miracles is only a product of religious charlatans who implant false notions of divine powers into the human soul. The ignorance of the soul is thereby only reinforced, and it cannot reach any connection with divinity whatsoever. The similarity principle brings the Platonic “incantation of the soul” closer to the model of imitative magic that achieves its effect merely by virtue of an idea. Origen, on the contrary, defends the real impact of uttering of Jesus’ name, which, according to him, has its power regardless of a degree of our theological knowledge. In this regard, Origen draws attention to the Egyptian magicians who include biblical names into their magical formulas even though they do not realise whom they address. In his account, then, it is rather the principles of contact magic that come into play, operating with corporeal parts of things or bodies or with their traces and fragments of events that are somehow connected to certain names.
4
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Termin „misy” w De medicina A.K. Celsusa: jego znaczenie i ekwiwalenty językowe w słownikach i przekładach traktatu

75%
Kulikova N.
Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
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2022
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vol. 32
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issue 1
79-111
EN
The article presents a linguistic analysis of the term misy used in the recipes of A.C. Celsus’ treatise De medicina. An attempt to establish the designations of this lexeme, based on texts of ancient and modern authors, definitions in dictionaries and thesauruses, and scientific data from chemistry and mineralogy (modern), was made.
5
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Kilka słów o antidotach stosowanych w starożytności

63%
Lampkowska P.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2011
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issue 3
211-226
PL
The most renown cases of using and concocting antidotes in antiquity. Quoting more or less credible recipes for making antitoxins based on translated fragments of antique works. Placing the phenomenon in a broad context of social aspect and mores.
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Poglądy na temat leczniczych właściwości antymonitu w przeszłości, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem okresu alchemicznego

38%
Bela Z.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2017
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vol. 62
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issue 1
7–27
EN
The main purpose of this review of opinions on the therapeutic properties of stibnite is to demonstrate that the 16th and 17th-century experiments of alchemists with stibnite and its compounds, although they did not “rejuvenate an old man” (Paracelsus), nor did they “eliminate all poisons from the human body” (Basilius Valentinus), were nevertheless appreciated by official medicine not only in the abovementioned period but still in the 20th century.
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