Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 7

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  Central and East Europe
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
The text explores the nation-building factors that determined the intensity with which certain nations in Central and East Europe were formed in the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century – with some reference to their contemporary situation, especially of today’s Belarus. In addition to Belarus, the analyses also briefly cover nation-building processes in Ukraine (Galicia and Dnieper Ukraine), Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Three categories of factors that are crucial for the processes under discussion have already been distinguished – namely civilization, culture and politics. All three types decisively benefited the Czechs, who succeeded in developing nation-building processes the soonest; the Czechs, among all the other nations in the region, thus first acquired a national awareness at the popular level. On the contrary, the above-mentioned factors did not work to the benefit of the Belarussians and Dnieper Ukrainians. The territories they inhabited were very weakly industrialized and urbanized, while their languages differed from Russian and Polish much less than was the case, on the one hand, of the Slovaks and Czechs, and on the other, of the Hungarians and Austrians (Germans). At the same time, Russian policies obviously hampered the formation of the Belarussian and Ukrainian nations. This article shows the strength with which objective conditions exerted an influence on nation-building processes in our part of the continent.
EN
This paper focuses on political transformation processes in post-Communist countries of the current Visegrad group or as it is also referred to, Central and East European countries, trying to find similar trajectories or some general patterns of their political development in comparison both with each other and also other post-Communist countries.
EN
Political and socioeconomic transformation has significantly influenced demographic processes in Central and East Europe. This was mainly noticeable in behaviours and attitudes concerning forming and developing of families. With regard to the aforementioned behaviours, the populations of analysed countries have adopted to new conditions very quickly, and the demographic parameters have reached values that were almost identical as those in West Europe. The situation developed completely differently in the case of mortality and life expectancy. Differences between Central and East Europe, and West European countries, which were already visible at the beginning of 1990's, have been eliminated considerably slower. Even though, one can observe favourable transformations in life expectancy and the distribution of death causes in the Central and Eastern European countries. Those changes are especially apparent in countries which became members of the European Union in 2004.
EN
The purpopse of this article is the evaluation of innovation economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) compared to other countries of the European Union, based on the aggregate indexes (Global Innovation Index, Innovation Union Scoreboard) and their components. It was found that the CEE countries are still a sizable distance from the “old members” of the European Union. The exceptions are Estonia, Slovenia and the Czech Republic, that owe their position to the effectiveness of the deployment of innovative and relative high expenditure on the development of innovation finance. The weakest proved to be Romania, Bulgaria, Latvia and Poland.
PL
W pierwszej części artykułu omówiono główne czynniki (wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne), które wpłynęły na procesy transformacji ustrojowej w europejskich i zakaukaskich krajach postkomunistycznych. W drugiej części artykułu skupiono się na czynnikach, które zadecydowały, że jak dotychczas proces transformacji ustrojowej na Ukrainie jest bardzo słabo zaawansowany.
EN
After the fall of the Socialist system, processes of transformation began in them. These processes were influenced by factors of both the external and the internal nature. As a result of their impact, European and Transcaucasian post-communist countries are a very diverse group of countries. Some of them (such as the current member states of the European Union and NATO) took full advantage of the weakness of Russia and are now stable democracies with an average level of the inhabitants’ life. Others are still characterised by incomplete democracy and poor society. However, the period of free elections in the studied group of countries is already coming to an end due to neo- -imperial policy of W. Putin, which is best exemplified by Russian actions in Georgia and Ukraine. Ukraine belongs to the countries that for various reasons have not made use of a historic opportunity to build a democratic and prosperous society, although after Euromaidan the country's present authorities do their best to accelerate the process of transition. Unfortunately, the Russian actions (including military ones) effectively prevent this.
Porównania
|
2015
|
vol. 17
245-252
PL
Przeglądowy artykuł analizuje badania na polu studiów postkolonialnych na Słowacji i Węgrzech oraz ich instytucjonalne re-prezentacje w tych krajach. Autor artykułu argumentuje, że w obu krajach postkolonialne teorie zostały zastosowane głównie do badań nad literaturą oraz kulturą irlandzką, kanadyjską, au-stralijską i afrykańską, przede wszystkim przez badaczy działających w uniwersyteckich insty-tutach anglistyki. Aplikowanie postkolonialnych teorii do badań nad literaturą słowacką i wę-gierską jest działaniem raczej marginalnym i dokonuje się poza sferą anglistyki.
EN
This overview article analyses the research in the field of postcolonial studies in Slovakia and Hungary and its institutional repre-sentation in both countries. The author of this article argues that in both countries the postcolo-nial theories have been mostly applied to the study of Irish,Canadian, Australian, and African literatures and cultures and mostly by scholars based at the universities’ English Departments; that the application of postcolonial theories in the study of both Slovak and Hungarian litera-tures and cultures have been rather marginal; and that a research in this field has rather been based outside English departments.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.