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Glottodidactica
|
2012
|
vol. 39
|
issue 1
37-46
PL
The aim of the following article is to present the results of the translation of smell lexemes used in the Novel Parfume: The Story of a Murderer by Patrick Süskind and their Polish equivalents in Pachnidło. Historia pewnego mordercy by Małgorzata Łukasiewicz. The article discusses semantic, lexical and syntactical problems, influence of the context on the translation and the results of the analysis.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza możliwości wykorzystania podejścia kontek-stowego w rozwoju zintegrowanych systemów informatycznych, które są zazwyczaj po-strzegane z perspektywy obsługiwanych przez nie modułów, ale praca z nimi wymaga zastosowania podejścia procesowego. Uzupełnienie procesu o kontekst przeznaczony dla pracownika na danym stanowisku sprzyja zwiększeniu efektywności jego pracy. Użyt-kownik rozumie jak przebiega proces i jaki ma wpływ praca, którą wykonuje, na inne obszary w firmie. Podejście kontekstowe pozwala dostrzec korzyści, jakich dostarczają sprawnie przebiegające procesy. Kontekstowe spojrzenie na zintegrowany system in-formatyczny i eksploracja procesów ze względu na różne konteksty sprzyja wzrostowi efektywności wykorzystania zasobów firmy. Odkrywa wzorce dla integracji zasobów wiedzy w organizacji.
EN
The aim of this article is to analyse the possibilities of using the contextual approach in the development of Integrated Management Information Systems (IMIS). IMIS are usually seen from the perspective of their modules, but working with them requires to use the process approach. Supplementing the process connected with a con-text of the employee contributes in increasing of the effectiveness of work. A user of IMIS understands how the process continues and how his work which he performs, has an influence on other areas of the company. Contextual approach allows to notice the benefits provided by smoothly running processes. Contextual approach allows look at the integrated system and exploration of process due to the different contexts conducive to the growth of efficiency in the use of company resources. It explores patterns for the integration of knowledge in the organization.
PL
W artykule omówiono różne rodzaje kontekstu, które należy rozważyć, planując nauczanie w środowisku zdalnego nauczania. Szczególny nacisk położono na obiekty wiedzy oraz tworzące i opisujące je metadane edukacyjne, wspierające zachowanie kontekstu. Przedstawiono również jak dostosowano treści oraz sposób prowadzenia zajęć on-line do kontekstu uczniów, nauczycieli oraz organizacji w trzech kursach wykorzystywanych w Wyższej Szkole Informatyki i Zarządzania w Rzeszowie.
EN
The article discusses the different types of context that should be considered during planning the teaching process in distance learning environment. Particular emphasis was placed on creating learning objects and describing them educational metadata supporting the conservation of context. The method in which the content is adjusted and the way on-line classes are conducted has also been amended into three courses utilized by the University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow. This is used in the context of students, teachers, and organizations.
PL
Zaufanie odgrywa niezwykle istotną rolę w naszym codziennym życiu. W praktyce większość podejmowanych przez nas decyzji oraz działań jest uwarunkowa-na poziomem zaufania bądź też – w niektórych sytuacjach – jego brakiem. Samo zaufa-nie jest natomiast w gł ównej mierze zależne od kontekstu. Oba te elementy odgrywają także coraz ważniejszą rolę w sferze technologii i systemów komputerowych, zwłaszcza tych, które posiadają pewien poziom autonomii. Doskonałym przykładem wpływu kon-tekstu na poziom zaufania są systemy wieloagentowe. W społeczności agentów progra-mowych mechanizmy i modele związane z zaufaniem odgrywają istotną rolę, a kontekst może wywierać wpływ na poziom wzajemnego zaufania agentów. Celem niniejszej pra-cy jest przedstawienie roli kontekstu w społecznościach agentów
EN
Trust plays an significant role in our daily lives. In practice, most of our de-cisions and actions are conditioned by the level of trust or – in some cases, the lack of it. Trust itself, dependent’s largely on the context. Both of these elements also play an in-creasingly important role in the field of technology and computer systems, especially those that have a certain level of autonomy. An excellent example of the impact of con-text on the level of trust are multi-agent systems. In a community of software agents, mechanisms and models connected with trust play a central role in which context is a crucial element in the level of mutual trust between agents. The purpose of this paper is to present the role of context in multi- agent systems, with particular emphasis on aspects related to trust management models in this type of environment.
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL
|
2017
|
vol. 60
|
issue 2
113-122
EN
In public space there is a variety of means to express the feeling of belonging to the Olympic community united by the ideas of Baron Pierre de Coubertin. The Olympic torch, five Olympic circles and the Olympic flag all represent this, so do many graphic, verbal and sound signs present in the symbolic public space. One of such messages uniting ‘the Olympians’ would be music, Olympic songs and the Olympic anthem. The several dozens of songs associated with the Olympic games throughout last 30 years are based on the semantics of emotion and the interpretation of spirit, flame, dream which, depending on the author, are more or less clichéd. They are not overly substantial in semantic and pragmatic aspect, but they do activate different contexts and interpretational frames; they are also vague in terms of the theme (it is often unclear whether they are about sports or love). Surely the communication in them is not direct and cooperation is based on presuppositions and implications.
PL
W przestrzeni publicznej istnieją różnorodne sposoby wyrażania bycia społecznością olimpijską, zjednoczonej ideami barona Pierre’a de Coubertina. Taki charakter mają znicz olimpijski, pięć kółek olimpijskich, flaga olimpijska i wiele znaków graficznych, werbalnych i dźwiękowych, obecnych w symbolicznej przestrzeni publicznej. Jednym z tego rodzaju spajających „olimpijczyków” komunikatów miały być także muzyka, piosenki i hymn olimpijski. Kilkadziesiąt piosenek, które przez ostatnie 30 lat były kojarzone z igrzyskami opiera się na semantyce emocji i interpretacji ducha, płomienia, snu, marzeń, które w zależności od autora tekstu mają bardziej lub tylko nieco mniej sztampowy charakter. Nie są zbyt gęste semantycznie i pragmatycznie, ale aktywują różne konteksty i ramy interpretacyjne oraz są niedookreślone tematycznie (nie wiadomo często, czy są o sporcie czy o miłości). Z pewnością jest w nich komunikacja nie wprost, a kooperacja opiera się na presupozycjach i implikaturach.
EN
This paper analyzes the concept of context with a special focus on the context of communication. We suggest two ways of classifying approaches to the context of communication: (i) classifying approaches based on a number of relevant dimensions for analyzing context in social activities, (ii) classifying approaches, based on the dimensions of Peirce’s semiotics. We also discuss the use of collected corpora of language, especially multimodal corpora of spoken interaction, as an aid in studying context. Finally, building on the two ways of classifying approaches to the context of communication, we present our own proposal for how to analyze the main relevant contextual dimensions influencing human interaction and communication
EN
his paper analyzes the concept of context with a special focus on the context of communication. We suggest two ways of classifying approaches to the context of communication: (i) classifying approaches based on a number of relevant dimensions for analyzing context in social activities, (ii) classifying approaches, based on the dimensions of Peirce’s semiotics. We also discuss the use of collected corpora of language, especially multimodal corpora of spoken interaction, as an aid in studying context. Finally, building on the two ways of classifying approaches to the context of communication, we present our own proposal for how to analyze the main relevant contextual dimensions influencing human interaction and communication.
PL
The question that the paper seeks to answer is formulated through reflections on the is-sues of non-originalism. Non-originalism refers to an approach to the interpretation of the Constitution where the text of the Constitution adapts to new conditions without any formal change. This approach is applied by courts which, in the light of new circumstances, interpret the Constitution in a different way. The question is whether the same approach should also be applied by the legislator. Should it be the legislator who monitors whether the Constitution has changed in substance as a result of changes in society and that some existing statutes thus have become unconstitutional? The paper concludes that the legisla-tor has an obligation to monitor and respond to such changes by amending or abolishing certain statutes or by adopting new ones. If the legislator fails to respond, then his behav-iour – inaction – is unconstitutional. However, the paper does not claim that the legislator must respond to all the changes in society, but only to those that are significant and obvi-ous. The legislator is understood as an institution, not as a member of the legislative body (based on the theory of the legislative intent). However, the institution of the legislator is a human creation and composed of individuals, and it is their knowledge that makes up the knowledge of the legislator. And it is precisely their possibilities that determine the bound-aries of what the legislator should know. In this text, the creation of law is understood as communication between the legislator, who is the author of statutes, and public bodies, who interpret and apply them. As with any communication, context is what determines it. The legislator’s obligations are derived from the content of the context, its function, and its essential position in communication.
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