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IMMIGRANT RIGHTS VS. EXPULSIONS OF THE ROMA PEOPLE IN FRANCE IN LIGHT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION'S REACTION (Prawa imigrantów a wysiedlanie Romów we Francji i reakcja Unii Europejskiej)

100%
Stankiewicz W.
Sprawy Narodowościowe
|
2011
|
issue 39
159-174
EN
The article first presents how immigration policies determine the norms which European Union countries apply in their law towards immigrants. Next the author deals with the Roma as a national minority living in France where it is not yet recognised as equal to other national or ethnic communities. Even though Romany people are protected by law, yet, due to their cultural dissimilarity, their legal status is unstable. Numerous dilemmas arise, thus making it difficult to accept any official recognition of the Roma as a supranational or national minority. Relations between France and the European Union have deteriorated, since the incident connected with the Roma deportations in 2010. There have been many accusations aimed at the French authorities, and also a threat of bringing proceedings against France before the Court of Justice. The EU strongly condemned France and its immigration policy. This, however, did not change French attitudes towards the Roma. The reaction of the EU did not result in a sudden change in French legislation which aims at preventing an influx of immigrants. In addition, France has introduced special acts to protect the country from a return influx of the Roma minority. The Directive on the free movement of citizens between EU countries has not been fully enforced in France. In the ensuing situation, the ratification of this document will occur in 2011.
2

The Holocaust in Denmark - the Victims in Research and Memory

100%
Goldbaum T. F. S.
Zaglada Zydów. Studia i Materialy (Holocaust. Studies and Materials)
|
2007
|
vol. 3
156-177
EN
The article deals with the most important events of the Holocaust in Denmark. The first part outlines the broader historical context of the events of October 1943 and the deportation of Danish Jews. It also contains a critical comment on the mainstream historical narration, particularly those aspects that concern the situation of Jewish prisoners at Theresienstadt. The second part is an overview of the latest research into the Danish aspects of the Holocaust, such as the expulsion of Jewish refugees, the rescue operation of October 1943, and the actual number of deportees. The authoress also present results of her own research of the Danish remembrance culture.
3

DEPORTÁCIE ŽIDOVSKÉHO OBYVATEĽSTVA ZO SLOVENSKA V ROKU 1942: ORGANIZÁCIA, PRIEBEH, DÔSLEDKY

100%
Hlavinka J.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
|
2022
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vol. 70
|
issue 1
31 - 47
EN
In the period from the 25th March to the 20th October 1942, around 57,700 Jews were deported from the Ludak Slovak Republic to the Nazi concentration and extermination camps. Around 39,000 persons were transported to the Lublin Area where the Reinhardt Operation had been launched, and another 18,700 Jews were taken to the Auschwitz Nazi concentration and extermination camp. The so-called first wave of the deportations of Jews from Slovakia was the culmination of the years-long systemic anti-Jewish policy of the Ludak regime. The aim of this study is to provide a basic overview of the first wave of deportations of Slovak Jews from Slovakia. It explores the motivations of the initiators and organisers of deportations, their organisation and different stages, and briefly covers the locations (places of destination of the transports) at which Slovak Jews found after the deportation. This issue was until recently absent from Slovak scientific literature (mainly when it comes to the Lublin Area).
4

GRÉCKOKATOLÍCKA CIRKEV A ŽIDIA NA SLOVENSKU V ROKOCH 1939 – 1945

100%
Borza P.
|
2017
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vol. 65
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issue 3
493 – 513
EN
Greek Catholics and Jews in the years 1939 – 1945 involuntarily found themselves in opposition to the wartime Slovak Republic facing unfair anti-Semitic and national politics. Both communities were affected by restrictive measures to different extents but for the Jews they had tragic consequences. Christian faith, disapproval of the anti-Semitic policy of the ruling regime, and especially the publicly declared attitude and concrete actions of the Bishop of Prešov Pavel Peter Gojdič led many Greek Catholics to render assistance to racially persecuted people. Despite the considerable lapse of time and the nature of research problems, combination of the preserved Church and State archival documents with the testimonies of the rescued and their descendants gathered by the oral history method, we succeeded in reconstructing the attitudes and activities of the Greek Catholic Church in favour of the Jews.
5
Content available remote

Deportace do Niska nad Sanem a jejich místo v historii holocaustu

75%
Borak M.
Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)
|
2010
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vol. 1
|
issue 2
150-168
EN
The first mass transports of Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe pulled out from Moravska Ostrava, Vienna and Katowice. They headed for Nisko nad Sanem in the eastern part of occupied Poland where the Jews, under the supervision of the SS guards, were supposed to build a concentration camp. This enterprise was administered by Adolf Eichmann and it affected about five thousand Jews from Bohemia, Poland and Austria. The SS guards drove the majority of prisoners to the Soviet Union where they were imprisoned again in the Soviet concentration camps - gulags. The study provides an overview of the world historiography on this topic, assesses the causes, course and importance of the transports to Nisko and seeks to uncover their place in the genocidal plans of the Nazis.
6

AKCIA REINHARDT A DEPORTÁCIE SLOVENSKÝCH ŽIDOV DO LUBLINSKEJ OBLASTI V DOKUMENTOCH

75%
Halvinka J., Schvarc M.
|
2021
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vol. 69
|
issue 4
729 – 754
EN
In 1942, the regime of Hlinka's Slovak People's Party deported more than 57,000 Jews to territory under the control of the Third Reich. Of these, 40,000 Jews were deported to the General Government´s Lublin District, where Operation Reinhardt, one of the biggest extermination operations of the Holocaust, was just beginning. Its central elements were Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka death camps. Therefore, the vast majority of Jews deported from Slovakia in 1942 fell victim to extermination Operation Reinhardt. The article presents a set of documents that characterize deportations of Slovak Jews to the Lublin District, as well as Operation Reinhardt itself.
7

DEPORTÁCIE ŽIDOV ZO SPIŠA V SEPTEMBRI 1944. K ZAČIATKOM A CHRONOLÓGII DRUHEJ VLNY DEPORTÁCIÍ ŽIDOV ZO SLOVENSKA

75%
Schvarc M., Hlavinka J.
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue 4
677 – 692
EN
On the 31th August 1944, when not particularly large Wehrmacht units occupied Kežmarok and disarmed the Slovak forces there, it was clear that northern Spiš would not succeed in joining the Slovak National Uprising. Instead, the German units began to establish an occupation regime, which enabled the arrival of quickly formed Security Police and Security Service units during the night from the 31th August to the 1th September 1944. The present of the Einsatzkommando “Ostslowakei”, later renamed zbV-Kommando 27, meant an acute threat to the lives of the group most proscribed by the National Socialists: the Jews. In close cooperation with the radicals from the ranks of the local Germans, they immediately launched a wave of arrests of the remnants of the Jewish community of Kežmarok and its surroundings, their imprisonment and deportation to the Płaszów concentration camp, where the camp personnel killed most of the internees immediately after their arrive. Analysis of these events indicates that the chronology of the second wave of deportation of Jews from Slovakia as researched and accepted up to now, is not entirely accurate. There were already deportations from the territory of Slovakia during the first 20 days of September 1944. In the study, we aim not only to describe this process, but also to map the further fate of the interned and deported persons. We also direct attention to the people involved in the persecution, namely the members of the Einsatzkommando “Ostslowakei” and the German home guard: “Heimatschutz”. We also devote attention to the question of criminal proceedings concerning these crimes, both in post-war Czechoslovakia and in the German Federal Republic.
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