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EN
Emotional intelligence, increasingly better understood by psychologists, is a valuable tool in human resource management. It plays an important part in an individual's achievement of success, including professional life. The ability to estimate its level and develop it via psychological training opens up new vistas for its practical application
EN
The article aimed at evaluating of existing data about emotional intelligence as a factor predicting real-word success. The main arguments for hypothesis about the role of emotional intelligence in human life are presented in the paper along with the review of empirical works concerning its relations with psychological well-being, health, social functioning and adjustment, school achievements, and job performance. Some data suggesting that excessive isolated emotional abilities may have an adverse impact are also mentioned. In the final part of the paper some moderators of emotional intelligence's influence are discussed; here the role of emotional self-efficacy is emphasized. Reviewed data suggest that validity of emotional intelligence as a predictor of real-word functioning and achievements depends on the other personal characteristics of the individual as well as on the situational features.
EN
The article presents theoretical assumptions, structure, and psychometric analyses of the first Polish test of Emotional Intelligence (TIE). The TIE is based on the ability model of emotional intelligence formulated by Mayer and Salovey. According to that theory, it consists of four subscales: perception, understanding, facilitation and management of emotions. Respondents read short stories featuring people in emotional situations and their task is to assess to what extent each of the given possible answers solve the problem. In opposition to other methods, the TIE is a performance test aimed at measuring abilities rather than self-reports. Psychometric characteristics of this new method are acceptable and sufficient for research and psychological diagnosis (the global scale). The TIE achieved reasonable reliability (Cronbach's alfa for the global scale is 0.88, for the subscales it ranges from 0.60 to 0.74). Significant but moderate correlations between TIE scores and the measure of crystallized intelligence, as well as lack of significant relationships between our method and the test of fluid intelligence, prove the discriminant validity of the TIE. These results are supported by the fact the TIE correlates significantly, but weaker in comparison to self-assessment scales, with personality measures. Finally, the validity of the test is confirmed by the systematic sex differences in TIE scores.
Ruch Pedagogiczny
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2009
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vol. 80
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issue 3-4
55-69
EN
This paper examines the relation between emotional intelligence and adolescent's perception of family interactions. 303 adolescents completed self-report measure of parent's educational styles (Rys, 2001). Emotional intelligence was measured with the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte et al., 1998; polish adaptation by Jaworowska and Matczak, 2001), and the Understanding Emotions Test (Matczak, Piekarska, 2008). The results indicate that individual differences in adolescent's emotional intelligence are related to their family experiences. The adolescents brought up in a democratic parents' educational style distinguish themselves from those who were brought up in an autocratic parents' educational style as having higher level of emotional intelligence.
EN
The author's analysis refers to emotional skills (EI) among adolescents in the context of cumulative fatigue. Ninety-two young people aged 16-18 were examined. The following measures were used: the Polish modification of Cumulative Fatigue Questionnaire by R. Kosugo, and Questionnaire INTE N.S. Schutte and others. The relationship between cumulative fatigue and EI is signify cant. EI differs and diminishes with the growth of the fatigue level. The rise of fatigue is associated with the tendency to decrease one's abilities to use emotions in action. 'Being in harmony with others' is characteristic of young people with severe fatigue. The results underline the importance of understanding oneself and using emotions in one's life in the best way.
EN
The results of research on emotional intelligence suggest, that it is an internally differentiated construct. Different kinds of emotional intelligence and empirical findings reasoning their separation are discussed in the article. Consecutively contrasted are: ability emotional intelligence (test measured) and trait emotional intelligence (self-report measured); cognitive and 'operative' emotional intelligences; experiential and strategic emotional intelligences; intra- and interpersonal emotional intelligences. Their distinctiveness is testified by their different correlations with other variables; especially with traditionally conceived academic intelligence, personality and temperamental traits, and gender. Presented data lead to the conclusion, that an emotional intelligence's diagnosis should be done by a profile assessment.
EN
Feelings' role in ancient Greek conceptions up till now has not become clear. As far as the researchers of antiquities are interested in Aristotle's and Hellenistic philosophers, Plato's and his predecessors has not been analysed from this point of view yet. It is often connected with a fact that Preplatonic philosophy is so-called philosophy of physis, and/or its nature is exclusively rationalistic. Thanks to the analysis of three passages (Heraclitus fr. B 85, Parmenides fr. B 3 and Democritus fr. B 31), and multilevel interpretation of Plato's conception one can indicate - if focus one's attention on the elements concerning the affectivity - the similarities to contemporary philosophers' outlooks. Among others, they concern 1) Heraclitus (and Parmenides fr. B 1, 1) versus Hume, Pascal, Ribot, Brentano, Bergson, 2) Parmenides versus Descartes, 3) Democritus versus Ribot, 4) Plato versus Scheler and Hartmann. Such analyses and interpretations let conquer conventional thinking of the Greek emotionality issue, because on the one hand they reveal a kind of deformations and misconstructions in searches, and on the other show a current interest of ancient interpretations. In support of the statement it is worth reminding of the formulation 'emotional intelligence' that recently has enjoyed great popularity. Its origins can be found already in Greek philosophers' thought.
EN
The aim of this study was to examine if emotional intelligence (EI) measured by tests and self-reports contributes to the explanation of self and partner’s assessments of marital quality. Ninety eight married heterosexual couples participated. Each partner completed for itself measures of EI, quality of marriage, personality inventory and some socio-demographics. Models showed that socio-demographics, personality traits, and EI measure explained between 21% and 27% of own and partner’s quality of marriage, with 5% – 7% of specific contribution of EI measures to quality of marriage. Among EI measures, ability to regulate one’s own and others’ emotions was significant predictor of own and partner’s quality of marriage, while self-reported measure of regulation and managing of emotions significantly predicted own quality of marriage. Other significant predictors were extraversion for both own and partner’s quality of marriage, and agreeableness, length of acquaintance before marriage and cohabitation for partner’s quality of marriage only.
EN
There has been limited research on sources of emotional intelligence. The knowledge how it developes is based mainly on theoretical assumptions. Researchers believe that many interacting factors, like environmental and biological, play role in development of emotional intelligence (Matthews, Zeidner i Roberts, 2002; Zeidner, 2008). In this paper, the role of temperamental traits in development of emotional intelligence was discussed. The results of presented researches suggest that some temperamental traits may influence the development of emotional intelligence. They can modify intensity of socio-emotional practice and processing of emotional signals.
EN
The contents of the concepts of social and emotional intelligence are very similar. The question may arise whether they should be considered as one or two different concepts. In our contribution, using results of empirical research, we have made an analysis of the relationship between social and emotional intelligence. We have used the scale TSIS (Tromso Social Intelligence Scale) and the questionnaire ECI (The Emotional Competence Inventory). The research sample consists of the brokers from two broker companies acting in the Slovak market. The results of research are supporting similarity, but also some differences of both kinds of intelligence.(http://www.saske.sk/cas/)
EN
Machiavellianism (Mach), is a set of traits expressed through lack of empathy, lack of concern for others, instrumental use of others, and doubtful morality. Emotional Intelligence (El) is the ability to understand, control and manage own emotions, to self-motivate, and to be endowed with empathy and social skills. Anxiety is a psychological state associated with sense of threat, when one cannot identify its tangible source. The goal of the study was to test the hypothesis predicting gender differences in the level of Mach and its factors such as cynicism, flattery, immorality, and fraud. The additional purpose was to check the role of emotional intelligence and anxiety as a trait in individual differences in Machiavellianism. The study included 1 !4 men and 137 women aged 18- 69. MACH IV scale, questionnaire for emotional intelligence and the STAI questionnaire were used. The study confirmed previous findings that Machiavellianism is higher in males that in women (total scale and subscales, except subscale flattery). High level of Machiavellianism was associated with low level of emotional intelligence and high level of anxiety. High level of cynicism, flattery, and immorality were accompanied by the low level of management of emotions.. A set of interactions between gender and El factors revealed that cynicism was higher in men than women, if they also had a low self-motivation and empathy; and immorality was higher in men than women, if they had high interpersonal skills. Anxiety, irrespective of gender, was positively associated with all factors of Machiavellianism.
EN
Machiavellians are usually associated with unusually high interpersonal skills which seem to be vital for effective manipulation of other people. However, the current research has not confirmed such an opinion. The aim of this study was to examine relations between Machiavellianism (Mach) and self-report emotional intelligence (EI as a trait), self-report social competences (SC) and recognizing emotions from facial expressions. Mach was negatively correlated with EI and SC overall result and with subscales of social competences in intimate situations (SC-I) and in situations requiring social exposure (SC-ES). There was no correlation between Mach and recognizing emotions and between Mach and social competences in situations requiring assertiveness (SC-A). Exploratory path analyses showed a direct negative association between Mach and EI, SC-I and SC-ES. Mach predicted indirectly (through mediation of EI) SC-I, SC-ES and SC-A.
EN
103 undergraduate students (38 males, 65 females) aged 19-36 years filled in questionnaires of emotional intelligence and social intelligence. Emotional intelligence was measured by the 7-items Emotional Competence Scale and its subscales of Empathy and Interpersonal Skills. The Tromso Social Intelligence Scale (TSIS; Silvera, Martinussen, Dahl, 2001) was administered to assess social intelligence. The TSIS consists of 3 factors: Social Information Processing, Social Skills and Social Awareness. Both males and females reported similar scores in exhibiting emotionally intelligent behavior. Significant differences between males and females were confirmed on TSIS Social Awareness subscale scores. Empathy subscale scores significantly and positively correlated with scores of Social Information Processing subscale.
EN
The paper presents the research on the relations between emotional competence and selected intellectual abilities along with temperament traits postulated by Jan Strelau’s Regulative Theory of Temperament. The subjects were adults at age from 19 to 39. Emotional competence was measured with the PKIE (Popular Questionnaire of Emotional Intelligence, by Matczak at al.), emotional ability – with the test TRE (Emotion Understanding Test, by Matczak and Piekarska), social and verbal abilities – by tests selected from the API-Z battery (by Matczak at al.), and temperament traits – by the FCZ-KT questionnaire (Formal Characteristics of Behavior, by Zawadzki and Strelau). Weak connections emotional competence with social and emotional abilities were found. Relation between emotional competence and temperament traits appeared to be stronger, especially those for activity and briskness (positive), and emotional reactivity (negative). Additionally, the interesting differences in the results, depending on subjects’ gender and the type of competence (connected with experiential and strategic emotional intelligence) were also found.
EN
The aim of the research was to verify the correlation between emotional intelligence and decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) conducted on a non-clinical sample. Our research is based on neuropsychological results that show the functional link between the cortex areas processing emotions and managing decision-making. The somatic marker hypothesis describes a decisional process through marker arising during bioregulation. The bioregulative processes have the form of emotions and feelings, whereas it is assumed that the somatic marker hypothesis overlaps with emotional intelligence. The research sample of 174 female students was administered the electronic form of the Iowa Gambling Task and the Emotional Intelligence Test (EQTM). A positive relation was found between emotion awareness and the number of advantageous card choices in the IGT. At the same time a negative relation was found between the present situation as an EQTM zone and the number of advantageous choices in the IGT. The results interpretation follows the use of emotions as information in the decision-making process in complex situations and uncertainty.
EN
The paper identifies and substantiates the role and importance of the category of emotional intelligence in artistic activity, nature and characteristics of artistic activity as an example of musical activity. The definition and essence of emotional intelligence is described. Its structural components are viewed. Aspects of musical activity are presented. The significance of emotional intelligence in artistic activity is stressed.
EN
There is a gap in understanding how psychological contracts mediate and organizational cynicism moderates the relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behaviour. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of psychological contracts and the moderating role of organizational cynicism in the association between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behaviours among Ethiopian civil servants. The study included 322 (58% male) permanent government workers from three reform towns in southern Ethiopia. The findings revealed a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behaviours, psychological contracts, and organizational cynicism. The analysis using structural equation modelling indicated that the relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behaviours was partially mediated by psychological contracts among civil servants. Additionally, organizational cynicism was found to have a significant moderating role in the association between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behaviours. As a practical implication, this study offers concrete recommendations for organizations intended to improve employee behaviours. It also contributes to the broader understanding of psychological contracts, emotional intelligence, and organizational cynicism in civil servants.
EN
The aim of research was to assess the predictive power of selected personality factors that are related to emotions in the decision-making process of paramedics. The focus of this study lies in emotional intelligence according to the model of Cooper and Sawaf (1997), styles of decision-making according to the Theory of Cognitive and Experiential Self (Epstein, 2003), Stroop's resilience and Big Five personality traits as possible predictors of decision-making of paramedics. 92 paramedics participated in the study which employed the Iowa Gambling Task, EQTM map, Stroop test, Rational-Experiential Inventory and NEO-FFI. The authors determined gender specifications of the predictors of decision-making of paramedics. In paramedics (men), it was possible to predict appropriate decision-making based on emotional stability, extraversion and quick reactions in the Stroop test. Appropriate decision-making of female paramedics could be predicted based on two zones of emotional intelligence (low emotional awareness and positive current conditions) and on quick reactions in the Stroop test. The obtained results are interpreted with respect to specific gender expectations within the paramedic profession and the ability to resist negative emotions in the decision-making process.
EN
In the present study we analyse the degree of emotional and social intelligence of women and men. The research was carried out on the sample of 650 respondents from Prešov and Košice region. The results are dominated by an absence of significant sex differences in emotional and social intelligence. Significant correlations were also detected between the two examined constructs.
Studia Psychologica
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2010
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vol. 52
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issue 3
207-218
EN
This article deals specifically with the emotional intelligence of managers and seeks to answer what the personality characteristics of successful managers are and what role emotional intelligence plays in them. The study included 56 Slovenian head managers and members of the executive staff, and 88 of their associates and employees. We were interested in their personality dimensions, demographic details and emotional intelligence, and the connection of these with job satisfaction and performance. The findings show that women are friendlier and emotionally more stable managers. Emotional intelligence is correlated with the personality sub dimensions of cooperation and emotion control. Understanding their own emotions and those of others is a precondition for managers' satisfaction with their associates. Managers that successfully control their emotions and impulses are also satisfied with their work. The sub dimension openness to culture helps them cooperate effectively with their associates. A surprising finding is the negative correlation between emotional intelligence and managers' problem solving, rewarding and supervising.
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