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URBAN TECHNOLOGIES – THE NEW EVERYDAYNESS: A REPLY TO LEHTINEN

100%
Zákutná S.
ESPES
|
2020
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vol. 9
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issue 2
sandra.zakutna@unipo.sk
EN
This short paper is a reply to Sanna Lehtinen’s article Living with Urban Everyday Technologies whose aim is to introduce the complexity of the problem of everyday technologies in contemporary aesthetics. Thanks to most recent information, computing, and communication technologies, urban technologies have indeed become an indispensable part of human living standards. In connection with Lehtinen’s primary interest in visible technologies with invisible effects, my reply appeals to W. Welsch’s use of the term anaesthetics, which refers to the absence of the ability to feel, as a parallel to this group of technologies. The reply also emphasises that it is necessary to study urban technologies together with a focus on human privacy, social justice, and human wellbeing and that everyday aesthetics has to be ready to reflect on the extremely fast development of these technologies.
2
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Čechoslováci v Dobrudži. Sonda do každodenního života a vnímání vojáků na polozapomenuté frontě první světové války

100%
Vacha D.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2010
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vol. 96
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issue 1-2
217-240
EN
The author clarifies a less known episode of the Czechoslovak military resistance during World War I, i.e. the Czechoslovaks' fighting within Serbian military units on the Dobrudja front. The essay does not concentrate on political or strictly military affairs; it focuses on the military everydayness and illustrates experiences of Czechoslovak volunteers as they were captured it in diaries, biographies and autobiographic books. The author concludes the essay with the fact that, after crossing from the Serbian to the Russian army, many veterans of the Dobrudja campaign occupied important positions in the Czechoslovak division and later in the army corps.
3
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WEBEROV PRÍNOS K SOCIOLÓGII KAŽDODENNOSTI

75%
Alieva D.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2012
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vol. 44
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issue 5
513 – 547
EN
In despite of the fact that Max Weber has not elaborated a coherent theoretical conception of everyday life, his contribution to the crystallisation of this sociological sub-discipline is very significant. This paper is an attempt to reconstruct Weber’s sociology of everyday life by using his own considerations, which are dispersed throughout his works. He begins with the dichotomy of everydayness and non-everydayness, which was developed long ago by the representatives of German romanticism (Novalis, Tieck, Brentano, E. T. A. Hoffmann). But unlike them, Weber considers non-everyday phenomena as extraordinary psychical states of a charismatic nature (ecstatic, mystic, hysterical, orgiastic, visionary), which are mainly associated with religion. Everydayness, however, is mainly linked to economic aspects of ordinary life. Unlike an ethnographical approach, which would propose the descriptions of various aspects of everyday life, Weber concentrates on its metaphysical and religious foundations. It seems that the matrix of metaphysical meanings is more important for him than the traditional temporal distinction between ordinary and extraordinary days. Non-everydayness embodies the sacred, just as everydayness represents the profane. According to Weber, this antinomy may be overcome by the method of active asceticism, which we find in the Protestant ethic. It supports the economic activity of the representatives of the middle classes. Their efforts contribute to the creation of everydayness, which successively gets rid of the non-everyday elements in the form of contemplative, orgiastic, and ecstatic religiosity. Therefore everyday life emerges from non-everydayness as a consequence of the long process of rationalization that was developed at the Occident. Thus the sociology of everyday life by Weber appears as a derivation of the sociology of religion.
4

CONTEMPORARY CHANGES WITHIN THE SOCIAL SPACE: A SOCIO-SEMIOTICAL PERSPECTIVE

75%
Vevere V.
Humanities and Social Sciences: Latvia
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2008
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issue 2(55)
8-14
EN
The study aims at philosophical aspects of determination of space. The author analyses significance of contemporary signs and symbols in social interactions. In the daily interactions, things are not only things, actions are not only actions devoid of any deeper meaning - they all carry various cultural, economical and social connotations. Various things have always signaled wealth or poverty, high or low social position, but the novelty consists in the facts that, first, every day people experience the creation, growth and decline of the forms of signs. Second, people need to be able to interpret these signs of the times. Since people in Latvia are comparatively new actors on this stage, the need to somehow order their experiences of social space and interactions presents itself. One of the methodological tools to do that is the approach of socio-semiotics developed by Mark Gottdiener, Professor of Sociology at the University of Buffalo. The study examines Gottdiener's ideas and approaches in order to explain the field of research, theoretical presuppositions of socio-semiotics, concepts of everydayness and everyday experiences, culture semiotics, theory of social interaction.
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