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1

An Early Medieval cemetery at Grodowice, in the Kazimierza Wielka district

100%
Kubica-Grygiel A.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2014
|
vol. 66
359–384
EN
In the years 2005–2008 a major part of an early medieval cemetery at site 1 at Grodowice, Świętokrzyskie province, was discovered. The Grodowice necropolis is an example of a flat cemetery with 35 graves arranged in rows, where most of the deceased were buried in rectangular burial pits with rounded corners. In the majority of the burial pits there was no evidence to suggest the use of additional constructions within the graves. The deceased were usually buried with their heads to the west, prone on their backs, with their hands stretched along the corpse. The results of anthropological analysis indicate that the deceased buried in the cemetery were of various sex and age. The marginally diversified forms of ornaments and elements of costume, such as temple rings, finger-rings, beads and coins, commonly known from cemeteries in western Slavdom, were the predominant grave goods found with the deceased. The Grodowice necropolis was most probably in use between the second half or towards the end of the 10th century and 12th century. The cemetery probably ceased to function soon afterwards, as a result of the expansion of the parochial network that was recorded in the entire Wiślica provostry during the 12th century. It was accompanied by the construction of new churches whose surroundings started to be used for burying the dead.
2
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Weryfikacja śladów użytkowania kościanych szydeł i stilusów – studium eksperymentalne

88%
Stelmasiak M.
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
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2017
|
vol. 22
287-303
PL
Awls have been used for perforating various types of materials from the Paleolithic to the early medieval period, until they were replaced by their metal equivalents. Though the technology of the manufacture has changed, the form remained virtually the same, containing of a handle and a shaft. Stiluses are the component of the stationery set, which also consists of the wax tablets. The latter however, very rarely preserve to our times. Bone awls and stiluses are as well the common type of relics found on the early medieval sites. Recent studies were mainly oriented on their chronological and typological classification and on determining the place of their manufacture and the place of their use. Yet, there were no attempts of conducting a use wear analysis, which leads to the appropriate characteristic of these tools, previously obtained in a very generic way, mostly basing on their morphological features which is quite misleading, due to their overall similarity. That was an impulse to undertake research on that field. Conducted experiments and use-wear analysis resulted in obtaining an accessible way to distinguish bone awls from bone stiluses, which enabled authoress to apply this method on genuine artifacts from early medieval sites.
3

Pochówek konia i szczątki zwierząt z wczesnośredniowiecznego cmentarzyska w Jordanowie, woj. lubuskie

75%
Osypińska M., Osypiński P.
Archeologia Polski
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2012
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vol. 57
|
issue 1-2
247-260
EN
Salvage excavations on site 7 in Jordanowo revealed among others the remains of an inhumation cemetery from the 12th century. Accompanying features in the form of a horse burial and a hoard of silver coins represented pagan rites. The intentionally deposited animal remains accompanied five female burials. An almost complete horse skeleton was found in situ in feature E11 on the eastern fringes of the cemetery. The animal’s height at the withers was determined as being 138-139 cm. A horse burial of Early Medieval date was also noted at Dziekanowice (11th century). In both cases the animals were mature males (the horse from Dziekanowice was much older than that from Jordanowo); no grave furnishings or elements of the horse tackle were found. Distal phalanges were observed to be missing in both cases: from the front legs in Dziekanowice (M. Makowiecka, D. Makowiecki 1998) and from the back legs (third phalanx) in Jordanowo.
4

Okucia z wczesnośredniowiecznego grodu w Miliczu

75%
Kolenda J.
Archeologia Polski
|
2013
|
vol. 58
|
issue 1-2
129-141
EN
Excavations of the early medieval stronghold at Milicz in Lower Silesia revealed, in a layer of burning dated from the end of the 10th to the mid 11th c., an extensive group of luxury items associated with ethnically foreign elites of the Piast state. Of particular interest is a set of objects made of non-ferrous metals, including gilded silver artifacts combining heart-shaped and palmette motifs in the decoration. The fittings must have decorated an ornamental belt, horse harness or bag. The assortment and execution of objects from this set, which is of considerable value from a Lower Silesian perspective, can be referred to artifacts known from the great centers of the Piast domain, such as Gniezno and Lednica; it thus highlights the position held by Milicz and its importance in the contemporary state.
5

Grób z wagą szalkową z wczesnośredniowiecznego cmentarzyska w Bodzi pod Włocławkiem

51%
Kara M.
Archeologia Polski
|
2013
|
vol. 58
|
issue 1-2
143-162
EN
The author presents the results of a study of a grave (presumed cenotaph) from the early 11th c., discovered in the early medieval cemetery in Bodzia in the eastern Kuyavia region of Poland. The grave, which is unique not only from the perspective of the cemetery in question, contained among others an incomplete, disassembled folding balance for weighing precious metals. The elements of this balance were deposited in two separate clusters inside a box coffin. A comparative analysis of the object has placed it within the sphere of funerary practices of a secular elite inhabiting the Baltic zone in the 10th–11th c., particularly the Scandinavians, Rus’ and Finno-Ugric peoples and Prussians. Folding balance from burial contexts, found in a similarly incomplete and disassembled state as in Bodzia, are known from Finland, from cemeteries dated to the 11th c.
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