Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 6

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  GREAT POLAND
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

TWO RICH NOBLEMEN FROM GREAT POLAND IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH C. IN THE LIGHT OF INVENTORIES AND DIARIES (Dwoch przedstawicieli zamoznej szlachty wielkopolskiej z drugiej polowy XVIII wieku w swietle inwentarzy i relacji pamietnikarskiej (Leon R

100%
Krakowski S.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2007
|
vol. 55
|
issue 2
177-187
EN
In the 18th c. drawing up inventories of movables became very popular among Polish nobility. There are two very interesting and extensive sources of that type from Great Poland, concerning Leon Raczynski, castellan of Santok (1698-1755) and his son-in-law Józef Radolinski (d. 1782). The inventories show what objects were most valued by the owners, not only in the material but also in the mental dimension. The inventories are supplemented in a very interesting manner with a diary written in French by Wirydianna Fiszerowa née Radolinska, daughter of Józef Radolinski. Confronting the perspective of the two types of sources gives the resulting picture more clarity. A detailed analysis of the inventories and the diary reveals personalities whose lifestyle was rather exceptional in provincial Great Poland. Information about Leon Raczynski confirms the tendency to accept Western fashion, characteristic of the epoch. As is indicated by the diary, Raczynski was primarily fascinated with German culture (books, clothing), which was not easily understood by many of his contemporaries. His extensive library, with half of the volumes being German and French books, as well as china and faience are evidence of Western culture and Enlightenment influences in Great Poland. It was fashionable to drink coffee, tea, and as is evident from Józef Radolinski's inventory, also chocolate. Even more importantly, the diary allows us to reconstruct the personalities of the two noblemen. Leon Raczynski is presented as an impressive individual with a strong character. Józef Radolinski, despite his high social status evidenced by the inventory, features in his daughter's relation as a weak man addicted to gambling, unfit for a political career, although affluent and well-educated. Thus, by combining the two excellent sources it is easier to discover and describe the lifestyle and mentality characteristic of the noblemen of that epoch, as well as the symbolism of artifacts that they valued.
2

PROBLEMS IN INTERPRETING SOURCES TO THE HISTORY OF BUILDING IN GREAT POLAND IN VIEW OF THE RECENT RESEARCH ON WOODEN CHURCHES FROM THE 17TH-18TH C. (Polish title below)

80%
Jankowski A.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2007
|
vol. 55
|
issue 2
123-139
EN
(Original title: (Problemy interpretacji zrodel do dziejów budownictwa w Wielkopolsce w swietle najnowszych badan kosciolów drewnianych z XVII-XVIII w.) One of the main weaknesses of research on Polish wooden architecture conducted in the last 150 years is an insufficiently detailed typology of timber constructions. The presently-used classification of sacred buildings is not linked with in situ architecture analyses or with the actually recognized range of historical buildings. Old churches have been classified according to the popular typology of wooden structures, established about 100 years ago, including log, post-and-log and skeleton constructions, while in fact in Great Poland only there are at least 40 churches from the 17th-18th c. which do not fit the typological scheme dominant in the Polish literature of the subject. The churches in question have a characteristic double structure of the outer walls; in most cases the carcass is surrounded with a closely adjoining skeleton. In several cases the outer skeleton was added later that the whole structure was built; in the 17th-18th c. this was a very common method of strengthening a carcass that was losing stability or structural strength. In over 30 buildings the double structure was initially planned; in some the idea is very close to or identical with the Umgebinge construction. The fact that the Umgebinde (outer skeleton) system was firmly established in church building practice in Great Poland is an important motivation for reviewing the conventional views on the origin and topography of Umgebinde architecture. The popularity of the double structure of walls (a carcass linked with a skeleton) in old wooden buildings is confirmed by written sources. Inventories and protocols of estate inspections and parish visitations, written both in Latin and in Polish, mention such structures very frequently. Their advantages and theoretical foundations were described in the oldest Polish treaty on architecture, published in the mid 17th c. Unfortunately, the typology of old wooden structures established in the literature, together with the insufficient knowledge of old carpentry terminology and of the building practices registered by old handbooks of architecture, did not facilitate a correct interpretation of such mentions. Ethnographers at most concluded (wrongly) that the structures in question were unspecified atypical solutions, resulting from 'primitive' simplifications and reductions. Archivists and historians of architecture usually simply disregarded repeated mentions such as: Ecclesia ab extra more pruthenico lateribus circumducta intra lignea constructa (1672 - a description of the church in Oporowo near Leszno) or Ecclesia lignea de fortis more pruthenico cincta (in the years 1718, 1724, 1787 - descriptions of the church in Prochy near Wielichowo). To conclude, written sources confronted with newest studies of wooden sacred buildings produce a picture of wooden architecture and Polish carpentry which is much richer and more complex that it was assumed until recently. This points to an urgent need to verify the methodology of research on old wooden buildings in Poland.
3

Testamenty szlachty wielkopolskiej z XVII wieku

80%
Wilczek-Karczewska M.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2011
|
vol. 59
|
issue 3-4
333-345
EN
The article is devoted to testaments of gentry from Great Poland. The last will is analysed as a legal document – a mortis causa deed, since its basic function is to dispose one’s property in the case of death. Nevertheless, in Old Poland there was no opportunity to bequeath all one’s property to a sole beneficiary; in particular the limitations concerned the bequest of immovable property. The article advances the hypothesis a major characteristics of gentry testaments was disposing property by legacies to many legatees. The analysis of sources distinguished vindication and damnation legacies. In the case of vindication legacies, which were more common, the legatee was entitled to claim the object of legacy from the heir as its owner by rei vindicatio. Such legacies resulted in transferring property rights and were the best way to secure the bequest of valuables. In the case of damnation legacies the heir was obliged to act in a specified way towards the legatee. Such legacies did not change property rights, but effected the heir’s liability to the legatee. Through a damnation legacy it was possible to bequeath an object that was to be created in the future. Legacies were often supplemented with particular instructions or conditions. Legatees were often clergymen and Church institutions (especially parishes and monasteries). Objects of legacy were usually livestock, garments and various utensils. It is pointed out in the article that it was not customary in Old Polish testaments to specify all the property of the testator. Therefore, last wills cannot be the sole basis for researching the financial position of gentry and should be supplemented with inventory sources. Finally, the article also signals problems connected with the execution of testaments.
4

Działy majątków ziemskich w północnej części województwa kaliskiego (powiaty kcynńki i nakielski) w drugiej połowie XVI wieku

70%
Klint P.
Roczniki Historyczne
|
2012
|
vol. 78
171-190
EN
Divisions of land estates (divisiones bonorum) are sources which inform about the wealth basis of noble families. They deal with inherited estates, as well as with dowries for daughters and settlements of debts. The author discusses the divisions of land estates (mostly belonging to middle nobility) from two northern counties of Kalisz voivodeship: those of Nakło and Kcynia (26 documents in all). The divisions involve mainly middle nobility, owning several villages. The discussed documents inform mainly about the ways of dividing land estates, especially about the so-called „niedział” (common management of the estate). They also show the rules for preparing such agreements: who decided about the parts of the estate to be divided and who had the right to choose the inherited part first. The agreements from the 16th c. were compared with similar documents from the following century. This allows to conclude that the agreements from the 16th c. contain very little information, e.g. about the future of the widow of the late owner or about the debts of the land estates.
5

Dokument Zulisa von Wedel dla komtura joannitow z Suchania z 1371 roku

61%
Syska E.
Roczniki Historyczne
|
2012
|
vol. 78
213-222
EN
The article presents a document of Zulis von Wedel, dated 20 October 1371 and so far unknown to historiography (the original in Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam, Rep. 9B, Johanniterorden, U. 169). It allowed the komtur of Knights Hospitaller of Suchań (Zachan), Matthias von Güntersberg, to purchase all estates belonging to Zulis von Wedel near the village of Siemczyno (Heinrichsdorf), on the border of the land of Czaplinek (Tempelburg). The text of the document shows that as early as the second half of the 14th c. Siemczyno was divided into two parts – belonging to nobility and to the order. This partition, in spite of numerous changes of ownership, remained until early 19th c. This suggests that the road running through Siemczyno along the the east-west axis once went westward – unlike today – to the north of the lake Wilczkowo (Völzkowsee) and crossed the Drawa (Drage) through the so-called Drawa Bridge (between the lakes Krosino/Crössinsee and Wilczkowo).
6
Content available remote

ADAPTATION OF GERMAN TRANSMIGRANTS IN POZNAN (Adaptacja niemieckich transmigrantów w Poznaniu)

61%
Szczepanik-Kroll A.
Etnografia Polska
|
2010
|
vol. 54
|
issue 1-2
131-153
EN
This article is the result of preliminary phase of research on transnationalism conducted by author from 2008. It focuses on adaptation of German-transmigrants, who migrated recently to Great Poland, especially Poznan city. As a result of cultural compromises, migrants work out new life styles. Since most Germans in Poznan live temporarily, the changes made to their cultural patterns are limited to necessary minimum. However it doesn't mean that Germans aim at the isolation from Poles and their culture, and focus only on their individual goals. Migrants are usually very interested in what they find upon their arrival to Poland. During their stay they verify popular stereotypes about Poles and make new observations. They can very well relate themselves to Polish reality and use its most interesting or attractive elements in the adaptation process.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.