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EN
This review article presents the reign of George of Poděbrady, King of Bohemia, from a Silesian perspective, therefore contrary to dominant Bohemocentric option. The author also opposes the historiographic myths created by the Czech researchers, in which George of Poděbrady is nearly adored, without any deeper attempts of critical assessment of his reign. After all, its outcome was tragic and the blame must be put not only on Wrocław, which was the core of the opposition to his rule. The king himself failed to avoid several mistakes – he probably lacked the political horizons of his predecessors from the Luxembourg dynasty of the Bohemian throne.
EN
Turkish danger influenced the origination of several concepts, whose authors are people actively effecting political life. French scholar, political economist and royal adviser Antonius Marini, under the leadership of the Emperor and the Pope, wanted to create an anti-Turkish coalition of all Christian states. His project, like the concept of Pierre Dubois, has some connection to the peace project which is, from our - Czech – perspective, undoubtedly the most significant. It is the peace project of the Czech King George of Poděbrady of the years of 1462 to 1464.
EN
On the possibility of research of the sovereign court in the Late Middle Ages in the Czech lands: The study presents a synopsis of the existing scholarship on the theme of courtly research in the Czech lands, which has taken place in various qualities and quantities since the end of the 1970s. It summarizes the individual results and existing methodological routes while pointing out the as-yet untouched or insufficiently elaborated themes. It predominantly points out the so-far minimal research in this sense in the Late Middle Ages, or in the 15th century, in the Czech lands. Among others, also a treatment of the court of the famous King George of Poděbrady here.
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EN
The Court of King George in Light of the Current Knowledge: The paper recapitulates the state of the treatment of the sovereign court of George of Poděbrady, briefly reminds the reader which sources are available and in the end discusses the individual themes associated with the court: the prosopography of the courtiers, chancellery, celebrations and patronage. It states mainly the little treatment of the personnel composition of the court society.
EN
Catholic Lords at the Court of George of Poděbrady: A Mutual Process of Convergence and Divergence: The basic power centre was the sovereign court in the Poděbradian kingdom just like in the other medieval and modern monarchies. The court of George of Poděbrady in this study is seen from the structural-personnel perspective as the mutual ties of an arranged network of persons sharing along with the sovereign in the policy and administration of the land. The aim of the study is to capture the bilateral activity of George of Poděbrady with a group of upper aristocrats actively demonstrating their allegiance to the Roman Catholic Standard receiving Holy Communion under one species within the so-defined sovereign court. The mechanisms, which brought Catholics fully devoted to his political programme and person to the Poděbrady court, are examined in detail as well as the hidden pitfalls contained in the support of the Catholic nobility, who later abandoned George and formed a domestic opposition known as the Zelená Hora Unity. The work is structured into several mutually related levels analysing gradually the relation of estatism and confession in the Poděbrady period, the representation of the Catholics in the highest offices, their property situations, kinship ties, representation in the royal council and confrontation of the imperative of loyalty to the king and obedience to the pope. In this questioning, it is necessary to shift to the period before the royal election from March 1458 and note the early ties of George of Poděbrady with the Catholic nobility, remove the habitual evaluation leading to a condemnation of the “treacherous” Catholic nobility and simply not glorify those who remained with George of Poděbrady.
EN
The article challenges the stereotypes of historiography and it deals with several examples of reference of various political figures of the Kingdom of Bohemia to the period of the rule of the House of Luxembourg, namely Sigismund. The “dark legend” of this ruler stands in sharp contrast to the actual historic resources from the second half of the 15th century. Even a cursory analysis shows that the political and confessional modus vivendi established during Sigismund’s rule became a valued norm, defended by the Czech utraquists during the rule of king Vladislaus. Even King Vladislaus Jagiello presented himself to the public (the Powder Tower in Prague) as the heir to the Luxembourg legacy. It was only later, when historians drew from the Hussite era resources, that the image of “evil Sigmund” came to life. During 15th and 16th century, Sigmund was remembered as a good king.
EN
Conciliarism is the theory of the supremacy of the Council over the papacy. The study investigates whether such ideas were known in Bohemia. It traces the environment of the court of Wenceslas IV, the role of the University of Prague, Hussitism with its Wycliffian definition of the Church, and the period after the conclusion of the Compactata and during the reign of George of Poděbrady. The knowledge of conciliarist theories in Bohemia is a fact, even if their development and application did not take place on Bohemian soil. The Czech lands were not a fertile ground for Conciliarist ideas, yet at certain moments the Czech environment reached for Conciliarist arguments.
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