Search results

1

Przemiany narodowościowe w Abchazji od II połowy XIX do początku XXI wieku

100%

Jakubowski A.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

|

2018

|

issue 50

EN

Ethnic changes in Abkhazia (2nd half of the 19th century– beginning of the 21st century)Main aim of the paper is to analyse ethnic changes that took place in Abkhazia from the 60s of the 19th century to the present. The paper discusses the changes in ethnic structure of Abkhazia caused by the forced exodus of the Abkhazians to the Ottoman Empire (muhajirstvo), the process of multinational settlement in Abkhazia from the late 19th century to the 1990s, the Georgian-Abkhazian war of 1992-1993 and the national policy of de facto Abkhazia led in the post-war period in the terms of the absence of international recognition. Przemiany narodowościowe w Abchazji od II połowy XIX do początku XXI wiekuCelem artykułu jest analiza przemian narodowościowych, jakie zaszły w Abchazji począwszy od lat 60. XIX wieku do chwili obecnej. W pracy omówiono zmiany w strukturze etnicznej w Abchazji warunkowane przymusowym eksodusem Abchazów do Imperium Osmańskiego (muchadżyrstwo), procesem wielonarodowościowego osadnictwa na te- renie Abchazji od końca XIX wieku do lat 90. XX wieku, wojną gruzińsko-abchaską z lat 1992-1993 oraz polityką narodowościową de facto Abchazji prowadzoną w okresie powojennym w warunkach braku uznania międzynarodowego.

2

Kultura gruzińska a europejska - z historii wzajemnych oddziaływań

86%

Furier A.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

|

2010

|

issue 1-2

119-139

PL

The article attempts to present selected elements of the complex interactions on the Georgian-European axis since the ancient times to the present day. Georgia’s location at the crossroads of Europe and Asia made western and eastern influences collide there, in all areas of social life-from politics, to material and spiritual culture. The development of Georgian culture has always been closely linked to political developments, and in some sense forced to adapt itself in this field. The first period of encounter between Georgian and European culture took place in ancient times. Mutual contacts were then sporadic in nature and were limited to selected sites, such as Greek factories on the Georgian coast of the Black Sea. In the Middle Ages the number of contacts increased and their nature changed. They reached all corners of Georgia, as well as its rulers, and did not concern trade only. Georgian thinkers participated in the exchange of intellectual property, co-creating philosophy, social and religious thought. What is more, with the unification of Georgian territories by the native dynasty of Bagrationi, the number of political contacts also multiplied. The history of the dynasty is inextricably bound with that of Georgia. They began their rule in the early 9th century, as presiding princes in the historic southwestern Georgia and the adjacent Georgian marchlands reconquered from Arabs. Subsequently, in 888, they restored the Georgian kingdom, which prospered from the 11th to the 13th century, bringing several regional polities under its control. This period of time, particularly the reign of David IV (1089–1125) and his great granddaughter Tamar (1184–1213), is celebrated as a “golden age” in the history of Georgia, the era of imperial grandeur, military exploits, and remarkable achievements in culture. Georgian rulers tried to use contacts with the Crusaders to achieve its political objectives. The reign of David IV and the Battle of Didgori in 1121, discussed in the article, may serve as an example here. After the fragmentation of their unified feudal state in the late 15th century, the branches of the Bagrationi house ruled the three breakaway Georgian kingdoms-Kartli, Kakheti, and Imereti-until the Russian annexation in the early 19th century. In the next period of the Georgian feudal monarchy, the nature of the country’s contacts with Europe underwent another change. This was due to the increased interest in the region from the most powerful states in contemporary Europe-Poland and France. There the Georgians sought allies to fight in Turkey, using Catholic missionaries. Although not able to execute those plans, the journeys of missionaries resulted in many descriptions of the Caucasus, which enriched the knowledge of Europeans of this peripheral region of the continent. A fundamental change in the situation occurred with the acquisition of Georgia through Russia, an intermediary in contacts with Europe. This allowed to eliminate the 19th century pressure of the predatory neighbors from the south. Russification policy the Georgians were subjected to suppressed their own national revival, whose authors were educated in the schools represented by the new elite. Politically, their actions resulted in the 20th century revival of the Georgian state. In all periods of Georgia’s history, western and eastern influences clashed, with the former dominating at first, yet over time the importance of the latter grew. Georgian openness to European cultural models encountered many obstacles that hindered their assimilation. The most important difference here was the custom and traditions, and a pace of development much slower than in Europe. To Georgians, acquisition of western models has a meaning as part of the modernization of their country. Hence the interest in Europe has reached the largest dimensions at the beginning of the 20th century, when Georgian elites had their own state of ore mining. In Europe, there were the then world’s political and economic centers. After World War II, the situation has changed and the United States of America began to display a greater interest in the Georgia. This led to the 1991 Soviet Union’s wider exposure to cultural patterns there. On April 9, 1991, shortly before the collapse of the USSR, Georgia declared independence. On May 26, 1991, Zviad Gamsakhurdia was elected as the first President of independent Georgia. Gamsakhurdia stoked Georgian nationalism and vowed to assert Tbilisi’s authority over regions such as Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which had been classified as autonomous oblasts under the Soviet Union. However, this is a topic for a separate article.

3

The Use of Social Media by Young Georgians in Social and Political Activities to Support Ukraine

72%

Skiert-Andrzejuk K., Skiert M.

Polish Journal of Political Science

|

2023

|

vol. 9

|

issue 2

4-21

EN

The aim of the paper is to diagnose the use of social media (such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter) by young Georgians (understood as people aged 18-35) in social and political activities to support Ukraine in the context of the ongoing war. The authors assumed that young Georgians use social media to a large extent to support Ukraine as a kind of socio-political activity, thanks to which the attitudes of young people towards the war itself and Georgia's place in this conflict are visible. To meet the above research objective and verify the initial hypothesis, the following research methods were used: (1) the method of analysing existing data – a review of the literature representing Polish researchers was conducted regarding terminological and conceptual issues related to “social activity” and “political activity”; (2) a statistical method with the technique of analysing secondary statistical data collected by the Caucasian Research Resource Centre; (3) the method of qualitative analysis with the technique of researching new media, namely social media, which is currently an important source of information about young people. The research allowed for a preliminary analysis of the importance of this type of new media in socio-political activity undertaken by young people, especially in expressing their opinions and presenting attitudes. The article does not exhaust the selected subject; it is only a study that made the analysis of the meaning and topicality of this issue possible. Such recognition of the research area also provided the opportunity to find a number of empirical methods that can fill the research gap in the context of studying young Georgians, as well as the role of social media in their social and political life.

4

Political Activity of the Young Generation of Georgians in 2011–2019

58%

Skiert M., Skiert-Andrzejuk K.

Studia Orientalne

|

2021

|

issue 2(20)

67-81

RU

Целью статьи является изучение политической активности молодых в Грузии. По мнению авторов, негативное отношение молодежи к общественной и политической жизни может быть связано с политическими процессами, не учитывающими интересы более молодой части общества. Кроме того, молодое поколение в основном проявляет политическую активность в форме протестов. Для анализа этой научной цели мы использовали ряд исследовательских методов (проведены экспертные интервью онлайн с грузинскими исследователями из Тбилисского государственного университета Иване Джавахишвили и государственного университета Илии). Статья является частью серии статей, посвященных мнению молодого поколения в Грузии о демократии и демократизации. Исследование необходимо для анализа восприятия вышеуказанных концепций поколениями в Грузии.

EN

The paper aims to examine the political activity of young Georgians. The research statement of this paper is that the negative attitudes of young people toward social and political life can be attributed to political processes that do not take into account the interests of young people. In addition, the young generation is mostly politically active in the form of protests. To analyze this scientific objective, we have used several research methods based partly on secondary and primary sources, i.e., expert interviews were conducted online with Georgian researchers from Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University and Ilia State University. The paper is part of a series of papers on the opinions of the young generation of Georgians about democracy and democratization. The study is essential for analyzing the perception of the mentioned concepts among the generations in Georgia.

Refine search results

1 Polish Journal of Political Science

1 Sprawy Narodowościowe

1 Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

1 Studia Orientalne

2 Skiert M.

2 Skiert-Andrzejuk K.

1 Furier A.

1 Jakubowski A.

1 2023

1 2021

1 2018

1 2010

Przemiany narodowościowe w Abchazji od II połowy XIX do początku XXI wieku

Kultura gruzińska a europejska - z historii wzajemnych oddziaływań

The Use of Social Media by Young Georgians in Social and Political Activities to Support Ukraine

Political Activity of the Young Generation of Georgians in 2011–2019