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EN
The paper is devoted to selected issues related to the strategies and procedures used in the translation process. It considers the description of the selected classification, i.e. the typology of translation techniques according to Ulrich Kautz, illustrated by numerous examples. The considerations include an evaluation by bachelor students of the Department of German Studies at the University of Rzeszów, concerning the identification/ selection/ application/ verification of translation strategies and techniques in the practical training of translation efficiency and mastering new vocabulary in a given subject area.
EN
The paper shows the relevance of contrastive perspective not only for linguistic research but also, above all, for linguistic disciplines operating and evolving in different geographical areas. The latter platform of comparison is here called interlinguistic contrastivity. The point of reference for the discussion is text linguistics in German and Polish language studies. The focus is mainly on terminological differences with respect to the name of the discipline and concerning the research in the field of text type studies (Textsortenlehre). It is, moreover, pointed out that the first phase of development of the discipline in question, identified in text linguistics in German language studies, has no exact counterpart in Polish language research. The source of these differences is primarily research tradition and dissimilar attitude towards structuralism.
EN
The article outlines the current situation of German studies and in particular the development of linguistic research in Poland over the past 30 years. Referring to the basis of several studies from an anthology to be introduced, both research traditions and current fields of investigation are considered and reflections for future inquiries are made. The papers address various aspects of linguistic research on the basis of diverse text types. Argumentative action and the means of textual exposition in German and Polish political speeches are examined. Bilingual communication discourses in press texts and the typographical design of the text type congratulations are analysed in German-Polish comparison. One study deals with the results of German linguistics for DaF didactics in Poland, while two others are concerned about grammatical questions: the first with the modal verb sollen in reportative function in interrogative sentences, the second takes a close look at Polish and German phrases with temporal meaning in procedural law in order to uncover essential interlingual differences which may cause translational problems and errors. Two articles give an overview of the development and present the current state of research in the field of contrastive linguistics and linguistic discourse research in Polish and German studies in Poland. Another two contributions have historical references. One concerns the German language use by Volga Germans in the 1920s and 1930s. The other examines how the claim of language history as text type history, formulated in the 1970s and 1980s, was implemented within the German and Polish research community. The range of topics is supplemented by linguistic treatises from three neighbouring countries – Germany, Slovakia and Ukraine. At last but by no means of less interest, the self-biographies of two renowned German scholars and at the same time linguists, namely Prof. Ulla Fix and Prof. Hans-Werner Eroms, also deserve special attention.
EN
The goal of this contribution is to review and to discuss the content of the publication “Germanistyka otwarta. Wrocławskie debaty o języku i językoznawstwie”. The volume consists of four parts, which focus on the discourse in theory and practice, glottodidactics, applied linguistics and research on Silesia. It contains in total 25 contributions, which are briefly examined here.
EN
Sorbian studies in Japan: trends and perspectives Summary How does it come that Japanese scholars get interested in Sorbian studies? In this paper we review how Sorbian studies emerged and evolved in Japan, centering on the humanities – especially on linguistics and literature studies. Of course, motivations to work on Sorbian studies vary from scholar to scholar. But characteristic of the situation in Japan is that along with interested Slavists, not a few Japanese researchers on Sorbian studies have begun their study with a German studies background. This fact suggests that a joint approach from the German and Slavistic viewpoints may enrich Sorbian studies in Japan. At the end of this paper, the actual list of works on Sorbian themes by Japanese researchers written in languages other than Japanese is added as an appendix.
EN
The paper presents an outline of topics under research in contrastive text linguistics in Polish and German studies, the development phases of the discipline in question as well as postulates for the future. It is noticed that Polish specialists in the field of German studies avail themselves in their contrastive research mainly of the specialized literature by German-language (neo-)philologists. They also publish their research results in German thus contributing to the German-language specialized literature. As a consequence Polish text linguists can familiarize themselves with the afore-mentioned research results only to a limited degree. As for the scope of research, in contrastive linguistics one can observe increased focus on the comparison of various text genres as well as a turn towards the analysis of discourse.
EN
The 2nd German Studies Congress in Wrocław, bringing together historians, Germanists, phi-losophers, sociologists, culture scholars, political scientists, lawyers, experts from other disciplines as well as everybody interested in German studies, was an important event. This scholarly meeting has an open formula, deliberately planned to reach as wide an audience as possible. Doing away with the myth of “serious and elite scholarly congress” in favour of accessibility or even popularity, corresponds, in my opinion, to the main assumption behind the Wrocław meetings, i.e. experience and information sharing as well as integration on the highest level. During the congress the parti-cipants had an opportunity to listen to several dozen papers in more than ten sections divided into thematic panels. In addition to the panel sessions, the participants could take part in a number of associated events — meeting with an author, vernissage or film screenings.
EN
The review article concerns an academic textbook intended for students of German philology. The purpose of the handbook is to introduce the students to the issues of the German language and linguistics. The analysis includes the selection of issues, volume and didactic aspect of the publication. The publication meets the criteria for academic textbooks in terms of content, scientific approach, volume and didactic study, and can be recommended as a teaching aid.
DE
Die Kontakte von Günter Grass zu Germanisten aus Polen, insbesondere zu Marian Szrocki, dem ehemaligen Direktor des Instituts für Germanistik der Universität Wrocław, bilden einen wichtigen, wissenschaftsgeschichtlichen Bestandteil der Polen-Germanistik nach 1945. Der Aufsatz beleuchtet, sich auf bislang unveröffentlichte Quellen (Briefe, Akten des IPN – des Instituts für Nationales Gedenken) stützend, die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen dem Blechtrommel-Autor und dem Barockforscher Szyrocki. Nicht ausgelassen werden komplizierte und prekäre Aspekte dieser Bekanntschaft. Durch diese Darstellung werden Mechanismen einer Fachrichtung (in diesem Fall der Germanistik) beleuchtet, die in einem Regimestatt funktionieren muss. Parallel dazu erfährt man auch von den zwischenmenschlichen Wechselbeziehungen der im Titel angeführten Protagonisten.
EN
Günter Grass’s relations with Polish German specialists, not least with Marian Szyrocki, former head of the Department of German Studies of the University of Wrocław, constitute a relevant, historic and scientific element of Polish German studies after the year 1945. The article, based on unpublished sources (letters, files of the National Institute of Remembrance), depicts the relations between the author of The Tin Drum and Szyrocki. The author of this article does not omit the complicated and critical aspects of the relations between the German writer and the Polish German specialist. Furthermore, the objective of this paper is to present the mechanisms of a scientific field (in our case German studies) functioning in a totalitarian state. The author also takes into account the interpersonal relations between Grass and Szyrocki.
EN
Recently, interest in doctoral studies picked up in general, including among German studies students. As a result, the demand for teaching materials for doctoral students has increased. My own interest in third-level study has prompted me to undertake an analysis of certain teaching resources suitable for doctoral students. The aim of the research was to analyze one of the available, recently published textbooks for PhD students in order to review this publication from a didactic and content point of view. “Lehrmaterialien für Germanistik-Doktorandenkurse” (2021) is one of the most recent publications, which is why it is the subject of the review. It also stands out from other books for doctoral students in German studies, as it is the result of international cooperation between three universities from Poland, the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. It is aimed at anyone interested in doctoral courses of German studies, regardless of their home country. Is the book able to simultaneously meet the needs of lecturers and doctoral students of German studies from different academic disciplines (literature, linguistic and cultural studies)? The results of the analysis show that the production of such thematically comprehensive book is feasible thanks to international cooperation. After the analysis, it can be concluded that this is a work that is useful for students of German studies regardless of their specialization.
EN
Tadeusz Białecki was employed in the West-Pomeranian Institute when that institution had already established cooperation with scientifi c institutions of the German Democratic Republic (GDR). When he became Director of the Institute those contacts strengthened and turned into an important element of scientifi c works undertaken by the Szczecin academic community. The cooperation consisted in undertaking common research topics in the sphere of history, sociology, economics, culture. The height of that cooperation was in the 1970s, and resulted in many publications and numerous articles published in the Institute’s ‘West-Pomeranian Journal (Przegląd Zachodniopomorski). The topics undertaken were interdisciplinary in character, contributing to the pioneer research track at a nationwide scale. However, the proportion between the informative value and the propagandist element of those publications and their overall value still need analysing. The texts on the GDR read today are visibly full of political factors and in accord with the political correctness of the time, which distorted the presented image so much that those texts are just testimony to the times they were written, and at present they should be interpreted accordingly. On the other hand, it should be remembered that they constituted a basis for cooperation thanks to which it was possible to get access to the GDR’s archives, and in many cases without it writing about the history of Western Pomerania would hardly have been possible for Polish authors.
EN
The publication presents the memoirs of professor, Father Yuri Mytsyk about Soviet Ukrainian germanist Anatolii Zavialov. Yuri Mytsyk worked with Anatolii Zavialov at the same department from 1974 till 1989, and from 1975 carried out the duties of his deputy. Zavialov’s academic life and his teaching career in 1960s-2000s was connected to Dnipropetrovsk university. At that time Zavialov actively studied the contemporary history of the German Democratic Republic, he was the author of many articles, including texts in prominent scientific journals, tutorials and published two monographs. He was one of the few Soviet germanists, who had business trips not only to the German Democratic Republic, but also behind the “Iron Curtain”. Zavialov also had the experience of teaching in the universities abroad. As the head of the department of world history, Zavialov made efforts to form a research direction in historical German studies at the university. The majority of dissertations, defended under his scientific supervision, were devoted to German history of the XXth century. Some of his graduate students-germanists continued their career at the department, and it became possible to create a strong center of German studies and turn the department of world history into a center of historical germanistics. To provide the opportunities to publish research in German history, in 1973 the scientific edition “The Questions of German History” was founded at the department of world history of Dnipropetrovsk national university, later it received the status of inter-university scientific edition. Articles here were published by historians-germanists from Soviet Union and the German Democratic Republic. After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany, the study of the history of the German Democratic Republic went bankrupt and Zavialov turned to the history of German diaspora in Ukraine. He focused on political history of the German colonies at the beginning of the XXth century and the questions of the history of colonization in civilizational dimension. The last years of the historian`s life were over shadowed by a sharp deterioration of health and decline in scientific activity.
UK
У публікації представлено спогади професора о. Юрія Мицика про українського радянського германіста Анатолія Зав’ялова. Свого часу Юрій Мицик працював на одній кафедрі разом із Анатолієм Зав’яловим у період 1974–1989 рр., а з 1975 р. виконував обов’язки його заступника. Академічне життя й викладацька кар’єра історика (1960–2000-ні рр.) були пов’язані з Дніпропетровським університетом. У цей час Зав’ялов активно вивчав сучасну йому історію Німецької Демократичної Республіки, став автором багатьох статей (зокрема і в провідних академічних журналах), навчальних посібників і видав дві монографії. Він був одним із небагатьох радянських германістів, який мав відрядження не лише до Німецької Демократичної Республіки, але й за «залізну завісу». Окрім того, історик здобув досвід викладання в зарубіжних університетах. На посаді завідувача кафедри всесвітньої історії докладав зусиль, щоб сформувати в університеті дослідницький напрям з історичної германістики. Під його керівництвом захищали дисертації переважно з німецької історії ХХ ст. Частина колишніх аспірантів-германістів залишилася працювати на кафедрі, що дозволило створити потужний осередок германських студій і перетворити кафедру всесвітньої історії на центр історичної германістики. Для забезпечення можливості публікувати дослідження з німецької історії у 1973 р. на кафедрі всесвітньої історії Дніпропетровського університету було засновано збірник «Вопросы германской истории», який згодом отримав статус між вишівського. У збірнику результати досліджень публікували історики-германісти з Радянського Союзу та Німецької Демократичної Республіки. Після падіння Берлінського муру та об’єднання Німеччини вивчення історії Німецької Демократичної Республіки фактично припинилося, і Зав’ялов спрямував свою дослідницьку увагу на історію німецької діаспори України. Він став вивчати політичну історію німецьких колоній початку ХХ ст. та питання історії колонізації у цивілізаційному вимірі. Останні роки життя історика були затьмарені різким погіршенням здоров’я, зниженням наукової активності.
PL
W artykule poddano dyskusji problem wartościowania literatury, opowiadając się za włączeniem krytyki literackiej do studiów germanistycznych oraz za zniesieniem podziału między krytyką literacką i analizą literaturoznawczą – analogicznie do literaturoznawstwa angielskiego, gdzie pojęcie ‚literary criticism’ obejmuje wszelkie rodzaje dyskusji z tekstem literackim. Wychodząc naprzeciw podejmowanym już na niektórych uniwersytetach próbom wprowadzenia zajęć literacko-krytycznych w programie studiów i uwzględniając dyskusje na temat cech sztuki i kiczu, autorka proponuje zestaw kryteriów, które powinno się uwzględniać przy estetycznej ocenie tekstów literackich.
EN
The paper discusses the issue of literature assessment. The author is of opinion that literary criticism should be included in German studies and that the division into literary criticism and literary analysis should be abolished – just as in English studies, especially literature studies, where the term ‘literary criticism’ encompasses all types of dialogue with a literary text. With a view to advance the attempts to introduce classes of literary criticism into the curricula made at several universities as well as taking into consideration the discussion on the topic of features of art and kitsch, the author suggests a set of criteria to be considered in the aesthetic assessment of literary texts.
EN
The article presents the sources of inspiration, assumptions and implementation of a long-term (2009–2018) project devoted to the biography of Professor Józef Kostrzewski, a leading 20th-century Polish prehistorian. This project was implemented by the author of the article as an employee of the Archaeological Museum in Poznań, and later, following retirement, as a worker in the Poznań Branch of the Archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences. As a result of an extensive archival and bibliographic query, a number of new facts about the life and work of the Professor were unearthed, especially regarding his activities outside the academic field of interest (including a number of social, patriotic and religious initiatives, often carried out within the underground movement, since Poland existed only as a partitioned land). The results obtained will be soon presented in a monograph entitled Żywot długi, pracowity i spełniony. Profesor Józef Kostrzewski (1885–1969) – prehistoryk, patriota, Europejczyk, which is underway since 2014 in co-authorship with Dr. Jarmila Elżbieta Kaczmarek.
EN
This volume aims at presenting several newspapers written in German, specifically the Prager Presse, Slavische Rundschau, Germanoslavica and Prager Rundschau, that were established in the interwar Czechoslovak Republic under the cooperation of members of both the German and Czech ethnic groups. The relation of these newspapers towards the Prague Linguistic Circle, which was covered especially by the Prager Presse, is discussed in detail in the main study, as well as the activities of the German members of the Circle who contributed to the given periodicals on regular basis, and of Antonín Stanislav Mágr, a paragon of scientific journalism as the members of the Circle called him. The author argues that the publishing and other activities of the newspapers and the Circle not only represent one step on the path towards the institution of modern scholarship, but also a means of its promotion and popularization. The study is supplemented by an annotated bibliography of the articles on the activities of the Circle in the Prager Presse, Slavische Rundschau, Germanoslavica and Prager Rundschau.
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