Lo scopo dell’articolo è quello di presentare le traduzioni polacche di tre lazzi goldoniani presenti nella commedia Il servitore di due padroni. Si tratta di una delle pièces più significative e note del drammaturgo veneziano e ciò giustifica il fatto che molti autori si siano cimentati nella traduzione del testo. Nell’analisi vengono esaminati esempi provenienti da cinque versioni polacche della commedia, di cui quattro inedite (Trzciński 1921, Boyé 1927, Piszczek e Skibiński 1980, Wasilewska 2015), e di una traduzione pubblicata dalla casa editrice Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, ossia quella di Jachimecka (1955). La prima parte dell’articolo è dedicata a vagliare alcuni lazzi goldonani, mentre la seconda è un’analisi delle versioni in lingua polacca della commedia di Goldoni.
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Artykuł prezentuje analizę propozycji tłumaczeń trzech lazzi (gagów) obecnych w komedii Carla Goldoniego „Sługa dwóch panów” („Il servitore di due padroni”). Omawiana sztuka jest uważana za jedną z najważniejszych komedii weneckiego twórcy i doczekała się kilku przekładów na język polski, z których pięć zostało wykorzystanych w artykule. Cztery z wybranych przekładów to tłumaczenia przygotowane na potrzeby sceny (Trzciński 1921, Boyé 1927, Piszczek i Skibiński 1980, Wasilewska 2015), jeden (Jachimecka 1955) został wydany nakładem Zakładu Ossolińskich. Pierwsza część artykułu to szczegółowa analiza wykorzystanych przez Goldoniego w sztuce lazzi, druga zaś to analiza wyborów tłumaczy, którzy zdecydowali się na transfer owych lazzi do języka i kultury polskiej.
Emotions are expressed not only with words but also with a gesture, body posture, miming or voice modulation. Actor reproduces on stage the external effects of emotions which the audience can read. In the 18th century, theatre and actor became the subject of theoretical reflection comprising two contrasting theories: either living or pretending the feelings of a character played. In Italy, the first theory prevailed, presented by Luigi Riccoboni in his treaties: Dell’arte rappresentativa (1728) and Pensées sur la déclamation (1738). The main objective of this article is to examine how the emotional acting was performed in practice in the 18th century Italian theatre. To this aim, two examples will be closely analysed which are very different in terms of style but not distant in time and what is more, intended for the same Venetian audience. For the purpose of analysis, two monologues were chosen which show an outbreak of anger leading in consequence to a revenge: Mirandolina’s first monologue from Carl Goldoni’s comedy titled La locandiera (1753) and Tartaglia’s first monologue from a scenic fable by Carlo Gozzi titled Il re cervo (1762). The analysis will focus on the power of word expressing emotions and performative traces buried in the text as well as indirect and direct reports of the contemporary audience which will approximately allow to reproduce the style of acting.
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