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1

Wpływ nowożytnego antropocentryzmu na relację człowieka do przyrody. Część pierwsza

100%
Ganowicz-Bączyk A.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 1
9-27
EN
Anthropocentrism seems to be a fundamental notion concerning the man-nature relation. The anthropocentric attitude is largely meant to be the main cause of the ecological crisis. One can distinguish at least several stages of the process, which led to this crisis, namely: stage of Magic and Myth, Ancient Times, Middle Ages and Modern Times. The aim of this article is to show the process of development of an anthropocentric thought in the Modern European culture, when the culmination of this process is observed. Among the causes of the modern worldview one can mention e.g. the modern conception of science (worked out mainly by N. Copernicus, G. Galilei, G. Bruno, F. Bacon, I. Newton, R. Descartes), the technology development, as well as social, political and cultural changes. Both, geocentric and theocentric worldview were rejected. The secularization of European societies shifted man’s attitude not only towards God, but also is creation – nature. People began to treat nature as a challenge and material. God-Creator was replaced by man-designer. A new type of anthropocentrism appeared, which tried to find the answer to the fundamental questions in the human being himself. This resulted in the negation of a strict dependence of mankind on nature and in tendency to subordination nature to man. The cognition of nature served then as a mean for the sake of mankind only. Man was obliged even to dominate nature which was viewed as a complex of mathematical laws, a value-free mechanism determined by laws of nature. Contemporary view on nature and man was influenced also by philosophical views which on the one hand excluded man from nature (I. Kant) and on the other made attempts to restore man to nature (J. J. Rousseau, F. W. J. Schelling).
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FEW NOTES ABOUT EXPERIENCE OF HISTORY, ON THE MARGINS OF THE POEM WRITTEN BY WISLAWA SZYMBORSKA, 'END AND BEGINNING' (Kilka uwag o doswiadczeniu historii na marginesie wiersza 'Koniec i poczatek' Wislawy Szymborskiej)

100%
Zmudzka-Brodnicka M.
Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW
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2010
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issue 2
289-308
EN
The article is inspired by poem The End and the Beginning written by Wislawa Szymborska, who claims that history is constantly repeated emanation of evil and human suffering. So to live after tragic events, we need to forget about. The article analyses a change in the understanding of a category of experience and identity in humanities and social science. Modern understanding of human being in terms of temporal being, not in terms of substance, that develops over the whole period of its existence caused changes in the understanding category of memory and oblivion. Memory is narrative construction, and the oblivion is included in.
3
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Ekonomia w służbie zrównoważonego rozwoju

100%
Ganowicz-Bączyk A.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 1
29-45
EN
The main branch of traditional economics used to focus on economic and social development, and on increasing profits. This led to disregard for the scantiness of natural resources and their renewal. This article looks at the criticism of traditional economic theory by the proponents of the economics of sustainable development, most notable amongst them being the theoretician, Holger Rogall. The notion and crucial principles of the economics of sustainable development are also discussed. The proposed new paradigm in economics is strong sustainability. The theory put forward is strictly related to the idea of sustainable development and the rules of inter- and intragenerational justice and responsibility in the meaning of environmental ethics.
4

POLITICKOSŤ V INÝCH JAVOVÝCH PODOBÁCH. HANNAH ARENDT

100%
Tonkli-Komel A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 10
805 – 818
EN
Hannah Arendt’s project of analysing the political quality in the era of the end of the political quality is discussed on two levels: first, as Arendt’s understanding the political quality “from the hermeneutical point of view”, i.e. as related to human “being-in-the world” (Human Condition); second, as her understanding it “from the performativity point of view”, i.e. as a public personification, a masquerade (On Revolution). The question of how the political quality, which determines “human concerns”, or “human condition” renders the same human life in its private sphere as non-political and anti-political, is then discussed on that basis.
5

Wpływ nowożytnego antropocentryzmu na relację człowieka do przyrody. Część druga

100%
Ganowicz-Bączyk A.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
|
2011
|
vol. 9
|
issue 2
9-21
EN
Anthropocentrism seems to be a fundamental notion concerning the man-nature relation. The anthropocentric attitude is largely meant to be the main cause of the ecological crisis. One can distinguish at least several stages of the process, which led to this crisis, namely: stage of Magic and Myth, Ancient Times, Middle Ages and Modern Times. The aim of this article is to show the process of development of an anthropocentric thought in the Modern European culture, when the culmination of this process is observed. Among the causes of the modern worldview one can mention e.g. the modern conception of science, the technology development, as well as social, political and cultural changes. Contemporary view on nature and man was influenced not only by mechanistic and materialistic theories tending to subordinate nature to man (G. Bruno, F. Bacon, R. Descartes) but also by philosophical views which on the one hand excluded man from nature (I. Kant) and on the other made attempts to restore man to nature (J. J. Rousseau, F. W. J. Schelling).
6

Średniowieczne źródła antropocentryzmu

100%
Ganowicz-Bączyk A.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 3
21-34
EN
Anthropocentrism seems to be a key notion associated with the man-nature relation. Probably it is also the most controversial one in environmental ethics. The anthropocentric attitude is sometimes meant to be the main cause of the ecological crisis. One can distinguish at least several stages of the process, which led to this crisis, namely: stage of Magic and Myth, Ancient Times, Middle Ages and Modern Times. The aim of this article is to show the process of development of an anthropocentric thought in the Medieval European culture. Cultural changes of the Middle Ages, under the influence of Christianity among others things, led to the revaluation of the ancient way of thinking. The next step towards anthropocentric attitude in philosophy was made: importance of the human individual increased, his needs and development became more vital than society as a whole. On the other hand, an essential aspect of medieval philosophy was rejecting the earthly world and turning to the transcendental one. One can distinguish three currents of medieval thought, which unlikely understood the meaning of the world and man as well as the way of cognition of the reality. These are mysticism, rationalism and empiricism. Mysticism negated both the value of nature and man as accidental entities. Nonetheless, it elevated man above other creatures. Rationalism assigned the man a central position in nature, for only human being among the accidental material entities is endowed with intellect and grace of faith., On the other hand, empiricism enhanced both the nature (as the subject of cognition and exploitation) and man (as a rational being, who has some extraordinary abilities to use environment to satisfy his needs). The process of drawing away from the holistic view on nature, of its desacralisation and of tending towards controlling it started just in the Middle Ages. In the following ages antiteleologism developed in philosophy, which contributed to the growth of mechanism and rejecting of the inherent value of nature in the Modern Times.
7

MOŽNOSŤ BAÑEZIANIZMU

88%
Volek P.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
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2016
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vol. 15
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issue 1
77 – 91
EN
In this article the author tries to justify the possibility of Bañezianism as a form of Thomism. Bañezianism, the teaching of Domingo Bañez OP (1528-1604) and his followers, claims that human beings act in cooperation with God in such a way that the act is preceded by a previous divine concurrence (praemotio physica). Nevertheless, humans remain free to act differently. The defence of the possibility of Bañezianism is based on refuting the critique of Bañezianism presented in the work of some molinists, who see contradictions in Bañezianism. First, the paper clarifies the concept of physical premotion in Thomas Aquinas. Second, it discusses the views of Bañez and Alvarez OP on the same topic. Third, it introduces the critique of Bañezianism formulated by some molinists. Last, the author refutes this criticism, showing the possibility of the views of Bañez on the topic.
8

SOCIÁLNÍ ROZUMĚNÍ U LIDÍ A OSTATNÍCH HOMINIDŮ

88%
Urban P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2014
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vol. 69
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issue 7
591 – 603
EN
The paper’s focus is on the social cognition in humans and other great apes. Both the traditional debate on the theory of mind in chimpanzees, and the current influential account of shared intentionality as the locus of anthropological difference are based on questionable representationalist and intellectualist views of the mind. The proponents of the so-called interactive turn in social cognition research reject these views and propose an alternative interactionist and inactivist account of human social understanding. The author will argue that the interactive turn is to be extended and applied to other animal species as well, especially to non-human great apes.
9

Razvitie

88%
Melnyk L. H.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
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2015
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vol. 2 (68)
122-137
EN
In short novels-fairy tales and essays the key issues of “development” are shown. In particular, in one of the stories necessary and sufficient prerequisites for development: irreversibility, direction, regularity, order, self-organization are analyzed. In another short story, in a novel-fairy tale the contradictions as the driving forces of development process and the factors forming them (impacting impulses and limitations) are discussed. In the third novel-fairy tale contents of the main phases of self-organization process of economic systems are analyzed. In a cycle of stories a series of aphorisms of well-known thinkers and a fragment of the popular book by Eihelberg that very clearly illustrates the achievements of mankind in its civilizational marathon are presented.
10

K METODOLOGICKÉMU VÝZNAMU POJMU KULTÚRY

88%
Sedová T.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2017
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vol. 72
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issue 8
632 – 644
EN
The contribution deals with defining the phenomenon of culture and its concept from the perspectives of philosophy as well as special sciences. With regard to the philosophical approach to culture and the tension between particularism and universalism it focuses on culture/human nature relationship and the role these concepts play in social cognition. Due to contemporary global conflicts and the abandonment of the idea of progress the concept of culture becomes central and highly relevant as a mediator in the resolution of conflicts, especially those, in which the acknowledgment and respect are the problems at issue.
11
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Filozofia egzytencjalna Alberta Camusa

88%
Błaszczyk T.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2012
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issue 6
167-183
PL
The article describes the most important problems of philosophy of Albert Camus: life as the experience of absurdity, and rebellion as a human reaction to it. It also depicts the relations between that postulates and explains Camus’s ways of reasoning and argumentation. Furthermore, the article shows Camus’s answers to the basic philosophical questions. It proves that the Nobel prize winner was not only a writer, but a philosopher and an existentialist as well.  
12

Złożoność i hierarchia organizmów żywych

88%
Chorąży M.
Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej
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2012
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vol. 11
13-38
EN
In this essay I presented basic information on complexity of life, starting with general characteristics of complexity. The complexity was explained in terms of quantity of parts, organized by not their summation, but by their ability to selforganization and creation of novelty on the way to the wholeness in a course of evolution. A short review of evolving cell from elementary particles and atoms, through simple chemical molecules and macromolecules, self-organized networks and morphological structures of the cell were presented. All living organisms reveal distinct hierarchical organization from basic level (atoms, molecules) to cells and multicellular individuals. Complexity is increasing with the increased hierarchical levels. However phenomena of life on higher level of hierarchy can not be explained or reduced to characteristics and properties of chemical molecules but by interaction between them and integration of various molecular processes at a lover levels of hierarchy. More detailed view on hierarchical organization of the human, relation between various levels of hierarchy, and emergence of highest human abilities belonging to the broad level of culture are discussed.
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NÁBOŽENSKÁ SKÚSENOSŤ A VIERA V ŽIVOTE ČLOVEKA PODĽA ROMANA GUARDINIHO

75%
Gavendová O.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
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2023
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vol. 22
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issue 1
112 – 126
EN
The study examines the role of religious experience and faith in human life. It draws primarily upon the thought of Romano Guardini. The aim is to find the reason why, despite the secularization efforts in recent decades, we observe a return to spirituality and to religious experience. The starting point is the human being and its constitutive openness to something transcendent, to the sacrum, which enables him to live a religious experience. Then the study pays attention to the sources, subject and object of religious experience. The last section deals with the status and importance of revelation and faith for human life.
14

THE AUTHOR AND HIS CRITICS: TWO DECADES (COMPARISON OF THE 1960S AND 1970S CRITICAL REFLEXIONS OF VINCENT SIKULA´S WORKS) (Slovak title below)

75%
Barborik V.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2011
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vol. 58
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issue 4
301-316
EN
(Slovak title: Autor a jeho kritici: dve desatrocia (Porovnanie kritickej reflexie diela Vincenta Sikulu v sestdesiatych a sedemdesiatych rokoch)). The article compares critical reflexions of Slovak prose writer Vincent Sikula´s production written in two periods of his creative work. It is an attempt to write a preliminary typology of the 1960s and 1970s literary reflexions based on partial resources. It seeks similarities and differences between literary criticism´s discourses of the time in question. The 1960s, especially the second half, saw liberating tendencies in the Czechoslovak society, which also affected literature and its reflexion. The outcome of the changes was gradually emancipating criticism and its separation from the ideology. The process can be tracked through the dominant means of expression of critical reflexion: in comparison with the previous period of time there is no historical interpretation of a literary work of art based on the historical materialism of the Marxist provenance and what gets to the forefront is the individual - 'a human'. In the following decade, after the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, under radically different social and cultural conditions, which are nowadays called Normalization, the reflexion of literature returns to the previous concepts (1950s) and tries to adjust them to the new situation. The article builds on one type of 'evidence' - the voice used by the criticism of the time in question. Wider cultural-political and historical contexts have been deliberately avoided in the article: original organization of the material based on meaning similarities and differences have been preferred to uncovering reasons, while contrast and similarity have been used to shape the two chosen periods of time. An attempt to track certain words appearing and disappearing or their meaning transformations has been made: the absence of 'history' or aversion to it in the 1960s, its strong presence in the following decade; dominance of 'human' in the former period and his subsequent dilution in history or in the concept of 'people' in the latter; hypertrophy of art´s cognitive function (noetic) in the 1960s and its withdrawal from the literary discourse in the 1970s; as well as an attempt to revive certain concepts (socialist realism) connected with the inability to fill them with a meaning and functional definition.
15

TELESNOSŤ AKO EXCENTRICKÁ POZICIONALITA V ANTROPOLÓGII A FILOZOFII BIOLÓGIE HELMUTHA PLESSNERA

75%
Vydrová J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2021
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vol. 76
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issue 7
487 – 498
EN
The aim of the text is to analyse the impact of the project of philosophical anthropology elaborated by Helmuth Plessner, which will be demonstrated on the concept of corporeality seen in the framework of eccentric positionality. In the first part of the text, we analyse the interference of philosophical anthropology and phenomenology (on the examples of lived body and oikos). This is based on historical as well as on deeper philosophical reasons. In this connection, we also find some practical applications of Plessner’s project, e.g., in cultural anthropology, ethnology and pedagogy. In the second part, the problematics of “corporeality as eccentric positionality” will be seen in the light of philosophy of biology and we open a dialog with a French biophysician Henri Atlan who focuses on characterisations of human, non-human and inhuman. Here, eccentric positionality converges with emergence (autopoiesis) and corporeality becomes one of the sings of anthropological difference.
16

ĽUDSKÉ AKO OTVORENÁ A RYTMICKÁ JEDNOTA. HENRI MALDINEY

75%
Sucharek P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2014
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vol. 69
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issue 7
558 – 568
EN
In his work, recently departed French philosopher Henri Maldiney, examines the forms of the human experiencing on formal level of openness to the world. According to him the fundamental modes of human experiencing in real sense are aesthesis and kinesis, what means certain formal emptiness, and at the same time a transformation. The transformation as a modification and pass-over is the essence of shaping the form. This contribution is concentrated on some of the constitutive elements of the human on pathic level. For as much as perception is not just a pure receptivity, absorbing information through our five senses, it is a manifestation of the self with regard to something what is not in the world yet, and simultaneously an incursion of the world, whose movement points to the other part of human self. The basic moment of becoming the self is an ecstatic openness of Emptiness, which is for Maldiney a measure of distance and spacing. Existence is thus just an open development of a closeness-distance of being.
17

ETIKA ODVRŽENÉHO A MORÁLKA OBĚTI: K POJETÍ LIDSTVÍ A NELIDSTVÍ U ADORNA, BUTLER A AMÉRYHO

75%
Koubová A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2014
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vol. 69
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issue 7
549 – 557
EN
The article focuses on the investigation of human and inhuman from the non-anthropocentric perspective. It deals with the authors who do not take humanity of human being for granted. These authors describe becoming human as a possible dimension of living experience. The analysis starts with Judith Butler’s “Giving an Account of Oneself” and her interpretation of Adorno´s considerations regarding human and inhuman in his “Minima Moralia” and “Principles of Moral Philosophy”. Butler´s conclusion is that inhuman is not the opposite of human. It is rather the constitutive means of becoming human. The article explores also the connection of Butler’s interpretation to the conception of double morality offered by Friedrich Nietzsche in his “Genealogy of Morals”. Finally, the work of Jean Améry serves to show how Butler’s and Nietzsche’s projects can become even more subtle and differentiated and uncover an unexpected affirmative political strength of the victim.
18

ĽUDSKÁ DUŠA A MIMOĽUDSKÝ INTELEKT

75%
Karul R.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2014
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vol. 69
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issue 7
613 – 622
EN
In the contribution two Plotinus´ treatises are scrutinized in order to unveil the possible self-givens of soul on one side and intellect on the other. Plotinus´ concept of soul borders on the definition of a human being (whose constitution depends on the soul descending into him), while the intellect is divine, non-human. In Plotinus self-givens means self-knowledge, self-reflection or self-awareness. The question is, whether self-knowledge as the highest knowledge is related to the soul, or to the intellect alone. Even though the author outlines what could be regarded as the self-knowledge of soul, he questions the independent existence of this self of soul. Soul is not self-given in knowledge, it is rather self-given by intellect. This, strangely enough, corresponds with M. Henry’s conception of the relationship between the Self (i.e. soul in Plotinus) and Life (i.e. Intellect in Plotinus).
19

JON STEWART ON LUDWIG FEUERBACH’S DOCTRINE OF THE HUMANITY OF THE DIVINE IN THE ESSENCE OF CHRISTIANITY

75%
Bosáková K.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2023
|
vol. 78
|
issue 9
746 – 759
EN
For several decades, Ludwig Feuerbach, who in his young years was known as Hegel’s student and follower and later as one of his harshest critics, has for many reasons been a significantly neglected philosopher. However, in recent years, we have been witnesses to a kind of renaissance of Feuerbach’s philosophy. Thinkers such as Jürgen Habermas have been discovering the traces of Feuerbach’s anthropology and dialogical philosophy in several branches of the contemporary, post-metaphysical thought. One of the researchers whose professional activities have contributed to the revival of an interest in Feuerbach’s philosophy is Jon Stewart. In his book, Hegel’s Century: Alienation and Recognition in a Time of Revolution, in the chapter, “Feuerbach’s Doctrine of the Humanity of the Divine in The Essence of Christianity,” Stewart presents Feuerbach not only in contraposition to Hegel but also accentuates the Hegelian influence in Feuerbach’s philosophy. He claims that the aim of Feuerbach’s critique of Christianity is not the destruction of religion, but the liberation of humanity from idolatry.
20
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Uwarunkowania środowiskowe, produkcyjne i ekonomiczneuprawy roślin na cele energetyczne

75%
Remlein-Starosta D., Krzymińska J.
Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego
|
2013
|
issue 1(71)
71-81
EN
Sustainable Energy Development Strategy requires increasing renewable energy share in total energy production. Bioenergy crops – which area is increasing in Poland and other European Union countries – can be controversial from the social, economic and environmental point of view. However, numerous studies conducted all over the world show that this anxiety is partly unjustified. Dispersed energetics and low-cost biomass production can reduce the risk of energy production cost increase. Other studies show that bioenergy crops do not harm environment. On the contrary – they benefit it by buffering soil water reservoir, increasing beneficial organisms biodiversity and extracting soil nutrients unavailable for other plants. Additionally, our research prove, that many bioenergy plant varieties, resistant to pathogens and pests and suitable for our climate, can grow without much pesticide use. Therefore, there is no reason to turn back from switching to alternative energy sources and it is important to inform about recent biomass research and opinions.
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