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The article presents the social and professional situation of registered Polish language translators working in Spain. The results have been obtained from a questionnaire filled by all registered translators of Polish language accredited in this country.
EN
The article tries to answer the question of the role of an intellectual in the current system. It takes as its basis the structural difference between intellectuals and non-intellectuals that puts the former into the position of domination. This difference can be overcome if everyone is considered an intellectual to a certain degree as Gramsci claims. An intellectual takes the role of an interpreter in his or her own society and rejects the vanguard position as well as the position of a professional who ordains what is right and then takes care of it. There is a role for an intellectual even if s/he is in danger of legitimizing the capitalist system by falling into the trap of the postmodern cultural logic of late capitalism. This is the activist task embraced by Foucault who seeks new politics of truth. But one should not forget that intellectual strives for less power thus enabling the subaltern Other to be heard.
EN
The article focuses on agents facilitating translation and interpreting and provides a sociological probe into the particulars of inter-lingual intercultural transfer in Slovakia on the background of political and economic specifics of the region. The observed tendencies seem to point to the fact that in the past half century, despite the changes brought about by the Velvet Revolution, the social standing of translators and interpreters has been less determined by officially proclaimed ideologies than economic forces. From the legislative point of view, language policies have had a significant impact on the phenomena in question.
EN
The aim of the article is to present selected aspects of the work of court interpreters appointed by the National Supreme Tribunal, which between 1946 and 1948 tried Nazi criminals in Poland. The interpreters’ role and tasks are examined in the light of the main concepts of the sociological theory developed by Pierre Bourdieu: concept of field, habitus and interpreting practice.
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