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EN
The article is an attempt at the reconstruction of the original (Baroque) architectural forms of Domicilium Varsoviense, founded in 1721 by the Bishop the Warmia and future Primate Teodor Potocki for Crown Jesuits. What strikes is the church’s ‘palace-like’ character. The spatial arrangement of the chapel, peculiarly echoing the archetype of the Jerusalem Temple, initiated a whole series of similar ‘ambulatory’ arrangements, implemented, e.g., for the Warsaw Knights Hospitallers (1726); the Drohiczyn Benedictine Nuns (1733); the Krześlin Dominican Church (1736); yet most notably in the famous Kobyłka church n. Warsaw (1740) raised by the Załuski brothers who after the death of the great Primate, were patrons of the Jesuit Domicilium Varsoviense. The stylistic analysis, as well as written sources, allow to attribute the Jesuit building complex to the architect Carlo Antonio Bai (1678-1740), frequently employed by Teodor Potocki for his artistic foundations in Warmia, Warsaw, and Łowicz.
EN
1–2 Chronicles and Ezra-Nehemiah express a different approach to the future of Israel to that provided in the Earlier Prophets. Firstly, the nature and the dating of this part of the Hebrew Bible are discussed, suggesting the end of the fifth and the very beginning of the fourth century B.C. as the time of its origins. Secondly, the retrospect of the past in 1–2 Chronicles is presented with a very specific attitude towards the Exile. The article focuses on the detailed analysis of Ezra 4:1–5, a passage representing the very core of this book. Against the backdrop of the identity of the deputation visiting Jerusalem as seen by the author of Ezra and the completely different self-presentation of the envoys from the north, the serious conflict that ensues is described. It bears analogies with the former antagonisms and tensions between the kingdom of Judah and the kingdom of Israel. On the basis of this conflict, a new reality emerges, namely Judaism. The religion of the preexilic Israel was profoundly transformed, having been exclusively limited to those Judeans who had come back from the Exile. As a result of this separation, the question of the “true Israel” became more crucial, setting new direction for the project of the national and religious identity of biblical Israel.
EN
Chronicles and Ezra-Nehemiah express a different approach to the futureof Israel to that given in the Former Prophets. First, the nature and thedating of this part of the Hebrew Bible are discussed, suggesting the endof the 5th and the very beginning of the 4th century B.C. as the time of itsorigins. Then the retrospection of the past in the two Books of Chroniclesis presented, with its very specific attitude towards the Exile. The articlefocuses its attention on the detailed analysis of Ezra 4,1-5, that represents thevery core of this book. Having in mind the identity of the delegation comingto Jerusalem as seen by the author of Ezra and the completely differentself-presentation of the delegates from the north, the serious conflict thatensues is described, this bearing analogies with the former antagonisms andtensions between the Kingdom of Judah and the Kingdom of Israel. On thebasis of this conflict a new reality emerges, namely Judaism. The religionof the pre-exilic Israel was deeply transformed, limiting itself only to thoseJudeans who came back from the Exile. As a result of this separation, thequestion of the “true Israel” started to be more crucial, giving new directionto the project of the national and religious identity of biblical Israel.
PL
Celem pracy jest wskazanie wpływu świątyni jerozolimskiej na architekturę europejską, w tym w szczególności polską. W pracy podjęto się analizy wzorca, jakim jest architektura świątyni jerozolimskiej, w oparciu o różne podania. Odniesiono się również do dwóch wątków, którymi są kolumny przed wejściem do świątyni, ich symbolika i metaforyczne implementacje w architekturze synagogalnej od czasów średniowiecznych i w chrześcijańskiej architekturze sakralnej, głównie okresu nowożytnego, oraz zagadnienia porządku salomonowego, jego zasad opracowania w nowożytnych traktatach architektonicznych i praktycznego zastosowania w architekturze sakralnej. Recepcję form porządku salomonowego w oparciu o komentarz do wizji Ezechiela autorstwa Villalpando i Prado oraz pracę Juana Ricciego starano się przedstawić za pomocą nowożytnych form architektury przede wszystkim polskiej, pokazując jednocześnie, jak różne wyobrażenia, detale i symbolikę przyjmowano, definiując porządek świątyni jerozolimskiej.
EN
The purpose of the work is to indicate the impact of the Jerusalem festival on European architecture, in particular Polish. The paper attempts to analyze the pattern of the Jerusalem Temple architecture. Two threads dominate the work. The first are columns before entering the temple, their symbolism and metaphorical implementations in synagogue architecture since ancient times and in Christian sacral architecture mainly of the modern period. The second is the issue of the Solomon order, its principles of development in modern architectural treaties, and practical application in sacral architecture. The reception of forms of the Solomon order based on the commentary to the Vision of Ezekiel by Villalpando and Prado and the work of Juan Ricci was attempted in order to present on the example of modern forms of architecture primarily Polish at the same time showing how different ideas were adopted when defining the order of the Jerusalem Temple.
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