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1

Immorality of success: When legitimization does not work

100%

Wojciszke B., Dowhyluk M.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2006

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vol. 37

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issue 4

213-220

EN

Based on the idea that Polish society actively delegitimizes the economical and political order we predicted that persons successful in business or politics would be perceived as less moral than failing ones. Participants (N=210 students) read vignettes describing businessmen or politicians who succeeded or failed in their activity and then rated their competence, morality, likeability, and respectability. Although successful persons were perceived as more competent and respectable, they were also seen as less moral and likeable than the failing ones. The latter results were interpreted as a symptom of system delegitimization. We conclude that some social systems are not being legitimized because they are widely believed to be not fair and in an acute need of change.

2

Legitimization of Political System in Twenty One Countries

80%

Domanski H.

Studia Socjologiczne

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2005

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issue 2(177)

5-39

EN

Analyses on sources of legitimization bear, mostly, on theoretical reflection. The author aims to assess underpinnings of legitimacy in a quantitative way. This is an empirical study which examines determinants of subjective legitimization of government and social system in 21 European societies. Data comes from the first edition of European Social Survey carried out on national random samples in 2002. Legitimization is defined in terms of support for government, democracy, and economic policy of a given state. He aims, first, at assessing relative “levels” of legitimization throughout analyzed societies. Second, various sets of individual measures of social characteristics and attitudes are employed in order to establish some universal requirements of legitimacy. Third, an attempt is made to define macro-structural determinants of variations in legitimacy related to economic development, political system, degree of corruption and social structure. Finally, these findings are discussed in reference to most recent hipotheses concerning the relations between legitimization, welfare state and decreasing confidence and trust.

3

SYSTEM DELEGITIMIZATION AND BELIEF IN LIFE AS A ZERO-SUM GAME

80%

Wojciszke B., Borkowska P.

Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)

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2007

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vol. 16

39-53

EN

A series of research on three beliefs on social world is summarized: a system legitimacy belief, the belief in injustice of social world and the belief that life is a zero-sum game. A Polish national sample was studied as well a number of smaller student samples. A great majority of Poles was found to believe that social world is generally unjust, and a sizeable majority was found not to believe in legitimacy of the current socio-political system. Experimental research suggests that Poles do not develop myths justifying the existing social order. Rather, they tend to produce myths delegitimizing this order: Persons who attain social status or material wealth are perceived as less moral (though more competent) than persons of low status or relatively poor. The belief in life as a zero-sum game (that successes are won at the expense of other people's failures) is discussed as a factor underlying delegitimization of the social world.

4

'THE PATRIOTIC MOVEMENT FOR NATIONAL REBIRTH' - NEW TRANSMISSION BELT. CONTRIBUTING TO THE NATIONALIST ATTEMPT TO LEGITIMISE THE REGIME IN THE EARLY 80S (PRON - nowy pas transmisyjny. Przyczynek do nacjonalistycznej proby legitymizacji ustroju w pocz

80%

Przeperski M.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2010

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vol. 36

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issue 1(135)

EN

Sadly, the Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth (PRON) still lacks a historian. This interesting concept should be considered as the desperate attempt of an authoritarian regime to gain social legitimacy. Contrary to popular opinion, PRON did not merely copy the kind of 'national front' formula known from the National Unity Front (FJN), but also included new concepts. First of all, PRON was to change the existing functioning of democratic centralism: instead of the concept of transmitting the will of the Party to the masses, it was supposed to introduce bilateral transmission. It is worth noting that the regime adopted these proposals in 1982, when the law and order of the country was temporarily secure. The Communists were aware that the only formula likely to win wider support had to be new and authentic. Even more striking, though, is that they opted for changes that actually had a very limited scope. Patriotic phraseology, supported by very limited systemic changes led to disaster: People expected a lot more than the authorities were prepared to offer.

5

TERMIN „INTEGRACJA” JAKO NARZĘDZIE LEGITYMIZACJI. NEOINSTYTUCJONALNA ANALIZA UPRAWOMOCNIANIA DZIAŁAŃ W POLU ORGANIZACYJNYM OBSŁUGI I POMOCY IMIGRANTOM W POLSCE

61%

Pawlak M.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2011

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vol. 37

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issue 2(140)

59-80

EN

As a consequence of the presence of immigrants in Poland various types of organizations provide them with services, assist them or supervise their integration process. Together those organizations constitute an organizational field. The actions of the actors must be legitimized according to the regulations, norms and cognitive mechanisms binding in the given organizational field. Therefore, legitimization is a process of acquiring legitimacy, which can be understood as a generalized perception or assumption that the actions of an entity are desirable, proper or appropriate within some socially constructed system of norms, values, beliefs and definitions. The actors carrying out the „integration” define the term in many different ways, and often consider it to denote different actions. This is not only because the concept of „integration” is open, but also because organizations and their officials use the term in a manner strikingly contrary to its academic definitions. The paper examines three cases of the legitimizing usage of the term „integration;” firstly, how the members of the organizations in the field refer to the literature about „integration” to name their practices; secondly, how the terms „integration” and „assimilation” are used in order to legitimize or delegitimize; and finally, how the formal requirements of the European funds exert coercive pressure for isomorphism on the organizations applying for resources and legitimization of their actions under the term „integration”.

6

NATIONAL IN FORM, AUTHORITARIAN IN CONTENT: STATE BUILDING IN CENTRAL ASIA (Narodowe w formie, autorytarne w tresci. Budowanie panstwa w Azji Centralnej)

51%

Shukuralieva N.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2011

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issue 39

71-82

EN

After the collapse of the Soviet Union the new states of Central Asia faced a challenging task of building a new country, its symbols, relations between institutional power and the sovereign and imaginary geopolitical landscape. The grass root processes of national awakening were coupled with the deliberate activities of the dominant political actors striving to shape them in a way conducive to their power claims. Thus the monuments of great ancestors and the billboards presenting the image of incumbent presidents became very common element of the symbolic landscape of Central Asia's new republics. The official speeches of the governing presidents have frequently referred to great historical figures, constructed historical analogies, praised the thousand years old traditions of the fatherland and adduced historical evidence testifying ancient roots of the countries. This article is focused on the mechanisms of ethnocentric reinterpretation of the past. For the newly constituted Republics of Central Asia either the evidence of the past power status and glorious moments or of the past tragedies have been equally strong legitimizing factors both internally and externally. No matter, whether invented or constructed, propagated national values have played a key role in justifying the power claims and international position of the new countries. Additionally, the paper's objective is to analyze how state structures and institutions implement national solutions and how the authoritarian logic of the state institutions performed its power under the guise of national forms.

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2 Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

1 Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)

1 Polish Psychological Bulletin

1 Sprawy Narodowościowe

1 Studia Socjologiczne

2 Wojciszke B.

1 Borkowska P.

1 Domanski H.

1 Dowhyluk M.

1 Pawlak M.

1 Przeperski M.

1 Shukuralieva N.

2 2011

1 2010

1 2007