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EN
The subject of analyses in this study are the transformations taking place within universities as a result of the changing political, social, economic, and cultural conditions in past centuries. There is a description of the development of universities in the Middle Ages as well as of their transformation in the 14th-16th centuries. Their 19th-century development has also been analysed, with special attention being paid to German, British and American university institutions. The interwar period has also been taken into consideration. Another area of interest is the political, social and economic conditions which have brought about the development and transformation of universities at the turn of the 21st century.
Anthropos?
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2011
|
issue 16-17
193-200
EN
The author is trying to deal with such phenomena - it seems that Trziszka much more bluntly than other prose writers manifested his 'plebeianism'. He entered into disputes with real and imaginary opponents of the literary ways much more willingly, much more longer than other insisted on existing of separate formation about 'plebeian roots' and about mission which fell to such prose. Author wants to predict a question - is there something more behind this strongly manifested relationship of Trziszka with that literary group, more apart from situational similarities, what was it ? The essay assumes that was a feeling full of exceptionally intensive lack of the membership in any real social community. As author has noticed, at Trziszka's creativity this feeling of the lack didn't lead for discovering some stable or permanent forms of identifying with anything around or anybody. Therefore Trziszka became a writer, who didn't let to forget about this base on which he grown up and on which he stood as an alive certificate of the social and cultural chaos. Author marks - if we talk about the feeling full of lack of the membership, for sure Trziszka had not anybody who tried to deal with that in the entire history of 'peasant stream'. In fact, the result of this Trziszka's attitude constitutes a process of permanent move, he didn't stop a process of being in the move, in the eternal escape or eternal pursuit. Where was not a place for home or any place which could be possible called that way. His writing accompanied this constant boiling of the psyche who couldn't stabilize in other permanent form. Trziszka's writing had to become such form, it had to be a tool of taming and consideration of new personal experience called - mission towards to oneself.
EN
Syncretic religions seem to be a universal phenomenon typical of the post-contact period in various parts of the world. They share quite a few typological features (despite their different genesis) since they represent a reaction to very similar if not identical circumstances, inevitably combining features of Christianity with some aspects of local religions. In Polynesia they arose as millenarian movements blending a variety of local motifs and mythological elements with various ideas of Christian provenience and appeared in several archipelagoes in the era of Christianization. The rise of syncretic sects may also be interpreted as a defensive mechanism and occasionally as a rejection of the new religion.
EN
We know more about than about any other follower of Jesus in the 1st century. Nevertheless, the apostle remains somewhat of a mystery. The present article identifies the main points of his life and missionary work and pre¬sents a relation between his gospel message and the good news of the Kingdom of God proclaimed by Jesus. The article then attempts to answer the question, how much justified is the thesis about a reform Paul instituted in the sphere of theology and life of Christian communities in the 1st century.
EN
Blessed John Henry Newman (1801-1890), one of the great intellectual figures of the Catholic Church in the modern period, underwent in his life an arduous journey of faith marked by conversion from Anglicanism to Roman Catholicism. He is an author of an extensive literary work comprising sermons, spiritual literature, vast correspondence and various writings in theology, philosophy, history and education. This essay is devoted to the legacy of the English Cardinal. In addition to a biographical text, it strives to present a wholesome understanding of Newman’s life and work, reflecting on his peculiar mission within the Church. In the light of Hans Urs von Balthasar’s ecclesiological thinking, Newman’s distinct place in “Christological constellation” is seen in conjunction with the mission of St. John the Apostle, or “Johannine office” in the Church.
EN
The article focuses on the historical reconstruction of a vision of “exotic” reality. The example chosen is that of former missionary, Martin Bohdan Lány (1876-1941), a man whose determination is documented by the surroundings and the time he lived in. M. B. Lány was a long-term co-worker of the Náprstek Museum to which he sent several hundred objects from 1903 to 1911 from East Africa in the area around Mount Kilimanjaro. His choice of objects influenced the perception of East African culture in Bohemia and contributed to the creation of several stereotypes associated with the local population: a proud warrior or a patient, less intelligent governess. The study is based on an evaluation of the primary sources stored in the archives of the National Museum – Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures.
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JEŽÍŠŮV SPOR S JERUZALÉMANY (JAN 7,25–30)

75%
Studia theologica
|
2012
|
vol. 14
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issue 2
1–28
EN
The article presents an exegesis of John 7:25–30. This passage from the Scriptures contains Jesus’ debate with the Jews in Jerusalem during the Feast of Tabernacles. The essential question of the debate concerns Jesus as the Messiah. This is challenged by Jerusalem citizens on the basis of the “messianic dogma”, the unknown origin of the Messiah. In addition, the pericope contains the first of four affirmations of Jesus in which he proclaims that he knows God the Father (John 7:29, 8:55, 10:15, 17:25). Jesus affirms his knowledge of the Father, his own being from the Father, as well as his mission. Thereby, he exposes the deepest mystery of his own person, including his mission. Jesus not only fulfills the messianic expectations of his time, but goes beyond them. The exposition is accomplished by using the synchronic exegetical approach. It includes a narrative and pragmatic analysis and a reading of the pericope in its larger context and historical background.
EN
A travelling was lengthy, dangerous and expensive in the middle Ages; long-distance travels were therefore not as frequent as they are today. Travellers were mostly traders, soldiers, artists, diplomats and missionaries. Byzantine scholars and saints, Constantine the Philosopher and his brother Methodius may be included in the two latter categories. The natives of Thessaloniki made several journeys in the second half of the 9th century. The study focuses on their missions to the Arabs, the Khazars, to Great Moravia, and, finally, to Rome in 867, which was their last joint mission. The paper suggests possible routes and chronology of the journeys the brothers made during the studied period.
EN
This is the first sociological study of development of organic farming in Poland, based on interprative paradigm and methodology of grounded theory. The basis of the study form 27 narrative and unstructured interviews with organic farmers from many regions of Poland, direct observation and content analysis of publications on organic farming. The central question is about the essence of organic farming. Is it a profession like any other or a social movement? What are the distinctive factors that can help in differantiating an organic farmer from the 'conventional' one? What factors form the social world of organic farming, what kind of arenas of disputes emerge?
EN
In the article the methodical approaches to the forming and realization of world practice development strategies are analyzed. It is proposed stages for the forming and realization of ecologically-oriented strategies of national economy.
Konštantínove listy
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2016
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vol. 9
|
issue 1
11 – 28
EN
The unstable circumstances in Byzantium due to the differences between the ecclesiastical and political powers and the immediate ordination and election of Photios to the throne of Patriarch of Constantinople, gave the pope of Rome Nicholas I the chance to make claims over ecclesiastical issues. His non‑canonical interventions, the missions imposing Latin customs and language in services, with the patriarchate of Constantinople in Bulgaria and Moravia at the same time, along with the doctrine of “filioque” led Photios to call the Synod of Constantinople (879 – 880), thus putting an end to the pretensions of the popes and preventing the imminent schism between East and West. The deeper causes that led to the increasing dissension between the East and West and finally to the schism in 1054 are analysed in the survey by means of the source material founded in the work of Photios.
Konštantínove listy
|
2022
|
vol. 15
|
issue 2
3 - 15
EN
St. Apostle Andronicus had a special meaning for the mission of Sts. Methodius and Cyril and the evangelization of Slavs as it is obvious from the Life of St. Methodius and the story about the beginning of Slavonic writing mentioned in the Tale of Bygone Years, where he is titled as a Pannonian bishop. The hagiographic tradition that St. Andronicus was the bishop of Pannonia (but not of Sirmium!) was formed in the 7th – 8th centuries. At first it is reflected in so called “Apostolic catalogues” of Pseudo-Epiphanius and Pseudo-Hippolitus. Synaxarium of Constantinople mentions St. Andronicus as a bishop of Pannonia in a number of memorial rubrics (30 June, 30 July). According to Synaxarium, St. Andronicus and Junia crushed Pagan shrines and built Christian Churches, expelled impure spirits from men and healed incurable diseases. The information about healings by St. Andronicus and Junia may be connected with the placement of their relics in the Quarter of Eugenius in Constantinople, which, according to our opinion, happened in 610. Such precise date is connected with the mention about Patriarch Thomas, apparently Thomas the First (607 – 610), and with our hypothesis, that originally the source of Synaxarium had the name of Emperor Heraclius (610 – 641), which, as a result of metathesis РА and АР and mixture of lambda and delta in uncial writing, became the name of Emperor Arcadius. The later attribution of wonder-working relics as those of St. Apostle Andronicus, together with the baptism of the Serbs and the Croatians in time of Heraclius, led to the veneration of St. Andronicus as a bishop of Pannonia and, correspondingly, the miracles wrought by his relics, revealed Divine benevolence to the conversion of the Slavs. The canon in honour of St. Apostle Andronicus and Junia written by St. Joseph the Hymnographer, coinciding in a number of details with the Constantinopolitan Synaxarium, added some new information about their life. On the other hand, it is silent about the Pannonian bishopric of St. Andronicus. Combining the abovementioned Greek and the Slavonic sources (the Life of St. Methodius and the Tale of Bygone Years), we can reconstruct the lost Life of St. Andronicus and Junia formed by the 9th century in the following way. They were constant followers of St. Paul and they walked around the world. St. Andronicus and Junia crushed Pagan temples and built Christian Churches, expelled demons and healed the sick. St. Andronicus accompanied St. Paul in his missionary travel to Illyricum, he reached with the latter Morava and taught Slavs. St.
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