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1

Planowany Anschluss Szwajcarii w czasie drugiej wojny światowej

100%

Żejmo M.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2015

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issue 2(9)

185-209

EN

Since 1933, when Adolf Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany, to the end of World War II, the independence of Switzerland was constantly threatened. From the beginning, Nazi propaganda sounded off about the unifi cation of the German peoples under the banners of the Third Reich. However, Swiss neutrality gave the Germans such great material benefi ts that they ultimately abandoned their plans to annex Switzerland. Prior to the outbreak of World War II and throughout the War, the Swiss authorities collaborated with the Germans and imposed restrictions on the admission of European Jews. Nevertheless, owing to its status of a ‘perpetually’ neutral state and informal actions of a number of state offi cials, many human lives were saved. For many years after the war, the Swiss found themselves in a kind of political isolation from the countries fi ghting against the Nazi Third Reich, owing to Switzerland’s trade cooperation and trade in goods with all participants of the war.

2

Hauptströmungen der Entwicklung im Reiseverkehrsmanagement im Sudetenland

100%

Štemberk J.

Prager wirtschafts- und sozialhistorische Mitteilungen - Prague Economic and Social History Papers

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2019

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issue 30

70-85

EN

The article describes the development of the tourism management and organizational structure in the Sudetenland. At first, the development is briefly outlined from the beginning of the Habsburg monarchy, when locally operating so-called foreign associations (Fremdenverkehrsverein) began to arise, then through the period of interwar Czechoslovakia, which retained the current federal structure, until the Sudetenland joined Nazi Germany. The main core of the article is the transformation in tourism management after the annexation of the Sudetenland by Germany. Paper describes dissettlement of the existing associations as well as the introduction of the tourism management structure based on the German model. Also, particular specifics of individual areas are pointed out. The Sudetenland was to some extent exceptional in its interconnectedness with the Czech lands, but at the same time it was oriented towards Reich tourists. The paper is based mainly on archive sources stored in the Czech, Moravian, Austrian and German archives additionally supported by periodical literature.

3

Defensive Measures Adopted by Czechoslovak Authorities in Reaction to Danger Posed by Nazi Germany during Years 1935–1937

100%

Gabzdilová S., Olejník M.

Central European Papers

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2020

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vol. 8

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issue 2

29-44

EN

Submitted paper is mapping measures enacted by Czechoslovak government during period of years 1934–1937 as a reaction to aggressive policy of Nazi Germany. Attention is given toproceedingsaimedat increaseoffightingabilityof Czechoslovak Army such as fieldmilitary exercises improvement of organization structure and elaboration of defensive operations in response to possible German attack. Focus is placed on defense construction works protecting boundaries, namely along western region of state. The paper is endeavoring to provide, in a concise fashion, a picture of struggle of Czechoslovak political leaders and military to prepare CSR to be able to cope with threat of German aggression and role of Czech and Slovak periodical press to inform public about dramatic political development during years 1935–1937. Attention is given to endeavors of periodical press in creation of confidence in Czechoslovak Republic ability to withstand danger of aggression from Nazi Germany.

4

Právní institut tzv. říšskoněmeckého občanství v expanzivní a rasistické politice nacistického Německa v letech 1935‒1945

75%

Emmert F.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2014

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vol. 22

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issue 2

141-153

EN

From the outset, it was clear what the Nazi movement stood for, as most of its ideas and political aims had been promulgated quite openly and plainly. Pure aggression was among the characteristic features of Nazism. Nazi ideology, based on the feeling of exceptionality, emerged from anti-Semitism and extreme nationalism. Only individuals of German blood – for whom the term Volksgenossen (fellow countrymen) was coined ‒ were considered “members of the nation“. Jews, on the other hand, were deemed to be parasites and the archenemy of Germany. Everything was to be given a “legal frameework“. A decision was soon taken to issue two new laws – the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour. The Reich Citizenship Law stipulated that only individuals of “German or kindred blood“ may be Reich citizens. During the Nazi occupation, German citizenship filtered into what is today the Czech Republic. Under the German legal norms of the time, individuals of German origin acquired the Reich citizenship.

5

Franz Josef Beranek a jeho výskum nemecky hovoriacich drevorubačov – Huncokárov

75%

Krajčovič P.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

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2021

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vol. 24

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issue 1

114-135

EN

This paper deals with the person of sudetengerman ethnographic researcher Franz Josef Beranek and his research about the community of german speaking woodsmen – Huncokars. The first part is focused on the historico-geographical characteristics of huncokar settlements. The second part deals with the person of Beranek and his career. The third part deals with the Beranek´s research of huncokar comunnity. Main goal of the study is analysis of scientific literature, articles or monographies written by Beranek, which deals with the Huncokars primarily or secondarily.

6

Brown, Never Black: Othello on the Nazi Stage

63%

Bassey A.

Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance

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2020

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vol. 22

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issue 37

51-65

EN

This paper examines the ways in which Othello was represented on the Nazi stage. Included in the theatre analyses are Othello productions in Frankfurt in 1935, in Berlin in 1939 and 1944, and in pre-occupation Vienna in 1935. New archival material has been sourced from archives in the aforementioned locations, in order to give detailed insights into the representation of Othello on stage, with a special focus on the makeup that was used on the actors who were playing the titular role. The aim of these analyses is not only to establish what Othello looked like on the Nazi and pre-Nazi stage, but also to examine the Nazis’ relationship with Shakespeare’s Othello within the wider context of their relationship with the Black people who lived in Nazi Germany at the time. In addition, the following pages offer insights into pre-Nazi, Weimar productions of Othello in order to create a more complex and comparative understanding of Nazi Othello productions and the wider theatrical context within which they were produced. In the end, we find out, based on existing evidence, why Othello was brown, and never Black.

7

Dyskusja: Czy można mówić o działalności badawczej w warunkach nazistowskiego obozu koncentracyjnego?

63%

Leligdowicz A.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2022

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vol. 70

275-296

EN

In 2011, Przegląd Archeologiczny published an article by Andrzej Prinke discussing the wartime fate of Kazimierz Gelinek, the pre-war curator of the Masovian Museum in Płock, who was sent to the Nazi concentration camp in Gusen, but saved his life thanks to the archaeological research being conducted there by the SS. This interesting story was presented by the author as Gelinek’s research activity. However, he did not take into account the fact that Kazimierz Gelinek was primarily a forced labourer from the beginning to the end of his stay in the camp, whose combination of favorable circumstances made it possible to prepare an amateur study of archaeological excavations conducted in the area of the camp.

8

Ocaliła go archeologia: działalność badawcza Kazimierza Gelinka (1882-1969) jako więźnia niemieckiego nazistowskiego obozu koncentracyjnego w Mauthausen-Gusen (Górna Austria) w latach 1940-1945

63%

Prinke A.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2011

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vol. 59

167-183

EN

During the archival study of the rich legacy of Prof. Józef Kostrzewski carried out by the author, a ready-to-be-published manuscript by Kazimierz Gelinek (1946) in Polish and English was found. It describes his archaeological activities 1940-45 as a prisoner at Mauthausen-Gusen, one of the most severe German Nazi concentration camps. Gelinek, a geographer and pre-war grammar school teacher with extensive archaeological field and museum practice in the Płock region, was ordered by the camp commanders first to form the excavation brigade of prisoners in order to examine several sites in the vicinity of the camp (the archaeologically rich region of Upper Danube valley), then to organize a small archaeological museum in one of the camp barracks and finally – to prepare a monograph of the excavated area that was handed to Heinrich Himmler, chief of the SS and Gestapo and an enthusiastic amateur of archaeology, during his visit.

9

Nazizm w encyklice Piusa XI Mit brennender Sorge

63%

Szuppe P.

Studia Historyczne

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2018

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vol. 61

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issue 3 (243)

73-85

PL

Nazism in Pius XI's Encyclical Mit brennender Sorge The article presents Nazism in Pius XI’s encyclical Mit brennender Sorge. The genesis and context of this papal document, which was written in the German language and directed to the German nation, are presented, as well as reactions from the German state it evoked. This encyclical constitutes a synthesis of numerous statements by the Church in its struggle against the anti-Christian ideology and practice. In it we find references to the breaches in the concordat between Germany and the Holy See, and falsifications of Church teachings and language undermining the moral order, hope and love, as well as natural law. It is addressed to young people, the clergy and the laity. In it we find attempts to uncover the Nazi bestiality in the time when Hitler was admired and praised by many contemporary politicians. It does express hope that the German nation will return to the true faith and mission prepared for it by God

10

Działalność polityczna Niemców karpackich w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego

63%

Żarna K.

Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities

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2015

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issue 4

169 – 183

EN

During the interwar period, Czechoslovakia was the multiethnic state. The most numerous minority in Czechoslovakia were Germans. They presented over 20% of all First Republic population. The majority of this ethnic group inhabited in western part of Germany – they were called “Sudeten Germans”. Carpathian Germans inhabit the fields of Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia. They were less numerous, diffuse and less organized. In analyzed period in Slovakia rivaled two biggest German political parties: the Zipser German Party and the Carpathian Germans Party. About influences among local Germans tried also Hungarians. Finally has won the Carpathian Germans Party, around which has come the consolidation of Slovak German. It was subordinated Sudeten Germans Party and realized the interests of the Nazi Germany.

11

„Kartoteka procesów o czary” z Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu. Twórcy zespołu, proces jego powstawania, struktura i przydatność do badań nad polowaniami na czarownice

63%

Kamieński A.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2022

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issue 2 (33)

90-112

EN

The file of witchcraft trials from the State Archives in Poznań was created by a special section of the SS, the so-called Hexen-Sonderkommando in 1935–1944. Despite some shortcomings and the passage of time, the file still has a scientific value.

12

Budování státní řízené propagandy za druhé republiky (1938‒1939)

63%

Rataj J.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2017

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vol. 25

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issue 1

153-166

EN

This study uses previously unpublished documents to document the methods the authoritarian region of the Second Republic used to eradicate the liberal tradition of the Czech free press and radio and make media serve the needs of the ruling state party – the Party of National Unity. It also investigates silencing state censorship, auto-censorship and the eradication of the independent press and culture. The heart of the paper focuses on the institutional and content construction of offensive propaganda. With the help of German Nazi specialists in black propaganda techniques, this aimed to overcome the educational, unbiased and nonparty political focus of First Republic propaganda and subject Czech society to forced one-sided re-educational ideologisation in an anti-democratic radical conservative and fascist manner.

13

Implozja ludzkości. Katastrofizm biologiczny panromantyzmu w ujęciu Maxa Schelera

63%

Raube S.

IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych

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2013

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vol. 25

107- 123

EN

This paper presents a stream of German philosophy which reached he ights of popularity in the ﬁrst thirty years of the twentieth century, and which is associated with the names of Ludwig Klages and Theodor Lessing. It is known as biological catastrophism or panromanticism. The latter term is derived from Max Scheler. The article is mostly focused on his interpretation of the biological catastrophism. Klages and Lessing argued that humanity follows the path of destruction. They wrote that the main cause of the decadence of man was mind (spirit). It is the spiritual mind which was responsible for man’s weakened vitality. The human mind invented ever new measures: philosophy, religion, art or science, but nothing will prevent us from the ﬁnal defeat; unless you rediscover the importance of some vital characteristics. Some historians of philosophy believed that the philosophy of Klages and Lessing was an ally.

14

Soviet antifascism as main narrative of the Russian propaganda in hybrid warfare

51%

Prys E.

Polish Journal of Political Science

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2021

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vol. 7

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issue 4

51-71

EN

The myth of the Great Patriotic War which is also known as the Great Fatherland War has always been one of main messages of Russian propaganda on post-Soviet space. Russia combines antifascist rhetoric with manipulating historical facts in order to justify the annexation of Crimea and military intervention in the East of Ukraine. The article describes how the Russian Federation uses the topic of antifascist struggle against Nazi Germany in its aggressive foreign policy against the neighboring countries.

15

"Výbuch, který právě nastal.": zrod Hitlerovy diktatury pohledem československých reportérů

51%

Maňák V.

Česká literatura (Czech Literature)

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2023

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vol. 71

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issue 3

288-307

EN

This study focuses on Czechoslovak reportage journalism and its reflection of political events in Germany during 1933, when the political system underwent a fundamental transformation into a totalitarian dictatorship led by Adolf Hitler. The study shows and analyses the interwar form of written reportage and reflects German events through texts by three prominent Czechoslovak journalists: Franta Kocourek, Géza Včelička and Egon Erwin Kisch. The study describes their narrative strategies and shows how journalistic work was influenced by the ideological positions of these Czechoslowak reporters. Despite their differing political positions, all three of them were united in their clear criticism of the NSDAP.

16

Grammar, Semantics and Dialects in Architecture

51%

Cimała A.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2019

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vol. 8

73-80

EN

Many aspects of architecture (style, ornaments, urban planning etc.) are symbolic in nature, resulting in similarity between the art of erecting structures and language understood as the relationship between signifé and signifant.Hence, architecture has its own grammar, semantics and dialectic variants. The grammar is expressed in the context of articulation form and pattern language. The semantics can be found in the relatively more superficial aspects like metaphors likening this branch of art to books or the owners of specific buildings in their appearance or demeanour. Such an approach is shared across centuries and can be found for example in ancient and Victorian texts. Additionally, the message conveyed by buildings and structures might serve as a form of propaganda while many elements like styles, ornaments and locations depend on the ideas expressed by the architects and the founders. This aspect is common to various ideas, beliefs and societies, whether consciously or subconsciously. Moreover, the realisation of different styles of architecture varies depending on the times and the specific needs of the community in which a particular building is erected in the same way language may vary depending on similar factors. Thus, architecture presents the same qualities that are expressed by various dialects.

17

Zmiany w strukturze gospodarczej Niemiec hitlerowskich w latach 30. XX w.

51%

Klimiuk Z.

Społeczeństwo i Polityka

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2022

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issue 1(70)

57-86

EN

The article analyzes the changes in the institutional and functional structure of the economy that took place in Nazi Germany in the 1930s. strengthening the role of the state in economic life without, however, dismantling the foundations of the capitalist economy, including private property. The role of the market as a regulator of economic processes has been significantly reduced, but not eliminated. Hitler was given a power of attorney to completely rebuild the economy of Germany, which was in the nature of a managed economy, that is, in practice, the state applied interventionism, including centralism, planning and state control. As part of fascist corporatism, the production of individual goods was rationed and the operation of the market was limited. In October 1936, the Nazi state extended interventionism to all areas of the economy by proclaiming the Second Four-Year Plan and by appointing a new “Price Commissioner” whose task was no longer to control prices, but to set them together with the law of “using all necessary means to secure fair prices”. The main goal of the Second Four-Year Plan was to equip the German armed forces with weapons and to prepare Germany economically to wage war. Two more sub-periods are distinguished in the preparation of the German economy for the war following the announcement of the Second Four-Year Plan. The first one lasted until 1938, and the main goal of the economy was self-sufficiency, but without changing production profiles. The second period began in 1938, when the German economy entered the stage of direct war preparations. Production for war needs was then given absolute priority.

PL

Autor artykułu analizuje zmiany w strukturze instytucjonalnej oraz funkcjonalnej gospodarki, jakie nastąpiły w Niemczech hitlerowskich w latach 30. XX w. Ich celem było m.in. wzmocnienie roli państwa w życiu gospodarczym bez demontowania podstaw gospodarki kapitalistycznej, w tym własności prywatnej. Rola rynku jako regulatora procesów gospodarczych została znacznie ograniczona, ale nie zlikwidowana. Hitler otrzymał pełnomocnictwo do całkowitej przebudowy gospodarki Niemiec, która miała charakter kierowanej, czyli w praktyce państwo stosowało szeroki interwencjonizm obejmujący centralizm, planowanie i kontrolę państwową. W ramach faszystowskiego korporacjonizmu reglamentowano produkcję poszczególnych towarów oraz ograniczono działanie rynku. W październiku 1936 r. państwo hitlerowskie rozciągnęło interwencjonizm na wszystkie dziedziny gospodarki przez proklamowanie II Planu Czteroletniego oraz mianowanie nowego Komisarza do spraw Cen, którego zadaniem była już nie kontrola cen lecz ich wyznaczanie połączone z prawem „użycia wszystkich potrzebnych środków dla zabezpieczenia sprawiedliwych cen”. Głównym celem II Planu Czteroletniego było wyposażenie niemieckich sił zbrojnych w broń oraz przygotowanie Niemiec pod względem gospodarczym do prowadzenia wojny. W przygotowaniach gospodarki niemieckiej do wojny po ogłoszeniu II Planu Czteroletniego wyróżnia się jeszcze dwa podokresy. Pierwszy trwał do 1938 r., a głównym celem gospodarki było dążenie do samowystarczalności, jednak bez zmiany profilów produkcyjnych. Drugi okres rozpoczął się w 1938 r., kiedy gospodarka niemiecka weszła w stadium bezpośrednich przygotowań wojennych. Bezwzględny priorytet uzyskała wtedy produkcja na potrzeby wojenne.

Refine search results

Planowany Anschluss Szwajcarii w czasie drugiej wojny światowej

Hauptströmungen der Entwicklung im Reiseverkehrsmanagement im Sudetenland

Defensive Measures Adopted by Czechoslovak Authorities in Reaction to Danger Posed by Nazi Germany during Years 1935–1937

Právní institut tzv. říšskoněmeckého občanství v expanzivní a rasistické politice nacistického Německa v letech 1935‒1945

Franz Josef Beranek a jeho výskum nemecky hovoriacich drevorubačov – Huncokárov

Brown, Never Black: Othello on the Nazi Stage

Dyskusja: Czy można mówić o działalności badawczej w warunkach nazistowskiego obozu koncentracyjnego?

Ocaliła go archeologia: działalność badawcza Kazimierza Gelinka (1882-1969) jako więźnia niemieckiego nazistowskiego obozu koncentracyjnego w Mauthausen-Gusen (Górna Austria) w latach 1940-1945

Nazizm w encyklice Piusa XI Mit brennender Sorge

Działalność polityczna Niemców karpackich w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego

„Kartoteka procesów o czary” z Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu. Twórcy zespołu, proces jego powstawania, struktura i przydatność do badań nad polowaniami na czarownice

Budování státní řízené propagandy za druhé republiky (1938‒1939)

Implozja ludzkości. Katastrofizm biologiczny panromantyzmu w ujęciu Maxa Schelera

Soviet antifascism as main narrative of the Russian propaganda in hybrid warfare

"Výbuch, který právě nastal.": zrod Hitlerovy diktatury pohledem československých reportérů

Grammar, Semantics and Dialects in Architecture

Zmiany w strukturze gospodarczej Niemiec hitlerowskich w latach 30. XX w.