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The provenance of Neo-Babylionian legal documents from ‘Kish’ outside the Ashmolean Museum Collection

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Chmielowski S.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

2019

vol. 24

11-34

The majority of currently known Neo-Babylonian legal and administrative documents from Kish come from excavations held on this site by the joint expedition of Oxford – Field Museum (Chicago) between 1923–1933. They are now housed in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. However, ca. 40 Neo-Babylonian ‘Kish’ tablets, i.e., written in Ḫursagkalamma or Kiš, are present in other collections. How did they end up in these museums assuming that most of them was acquired in the last quarter of the 19th century, 30–50 years before the expedition mentioned above? I suppose that they were not found in Kish, even though their Ausstellungsort indicates quite the opposite. They instead come from nearby Babylon or Borsippa cities. The analysis conducted in the article seems to confirm this assumption, and for most cases, the provided attribution should be considered. Additionally, tablets under discussion are testimonies of the vivid economic life of entrepreneurial Babylonians in the first millennium BC.

An Attempt to Calculate the Number of Inhabitants in Relation to the Social Dimension in Neo-Babylonian Residential Architecture on the Example of Babylon

77%

al-Ibadi A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

2019

issue 34

225-241

W niniejszym artykule podejmuję próbę oszacowania liczby mieszkańców nowobabilońskich gospodarstw domowych w oparciu o dane archeologiczne i na przykładzie Babilonu (okres nowobabiloński: 1100/1000–539 p.n.e.). W celu poznania sposobu wykorzystania gospodarstwa lub pojedynczego pomieszczenia należy zrekonstruować sposób funkcjonowania gospodarstwa domowego. Z uwagi jednak na to, że w badaniach archeologicznych nie uwzględniono zabudowań domowych, niezbędne jest zwrócenie się ku źródłom etnograficznym. Artykuł podzielono na trzy części. W pierwszej części zawarto najważniejsze informacje dotyczące gospodarstw domowych w okresie nowobabilońskim, uzyskane na podstawie źródeł etnograficznych i porównane z pozostałościami archeologicznymi. W drugiej części artykułu analizuję różne wzory matematyczne stosowane do obliczania liczby mieszkańców na podstawie danych archeologicznych. Trzecia część obejmuje omówienie przedstawiające moje własne wzory matematyczne odnoszące się do zgromadzonych danych.

In the article, I attempt to estimate the number of inhabitants of Neo-Babylonian households based on archaeological data based on the example of Babylon (Neo-Babylonian period: 1100/1000–539 BCE). In order to discover how the household or an individual room was used, we must reconstruct the way that a household functioned. However, since no households can be found in archaeological research, it is necessary to turn to ethnographic sources. The article has been divided into three parts. The first part contains key information on households in the Neo-Babylonian period, indicated on the basis of ethnographic sources and compared with archaeological remains. In the second part of the article, I analyse various mathematical formulas used to calculate the number of residents on the basis of archaeological data. The third part comprises a discussion presenting my own mathematical formulas regarding the collected data.

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1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

1 Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

1 Chmielowski S.

1 al-Ibadi A.

2 2019

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The provenance of Neo-Babylionian legal documents from ‘Kish’ outside the Ashmolean Museum Collection

An Attempt to Calculate the Number of Inhabitants in Relation to the Social Dimension in Neo-Babylonian Residential Architecture on the Example of Babylon