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The Portrayal of Seneca in the Octavia and in Tacitus’ Annals

100%
Pigoń J.
Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
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2017
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vol. 27
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issue 3
EN
The paper examines the representation of Seneca in two literary works of the late 1st and early 2nd centuries AD, the anonymous tragedy Octavia and the Annals by Tacitus. In the Octavia Seneca appears as the emperor Nero’s upright but unhappy teacher trying in vain to inculcate salutary advice to his master. There is no question of his being responsible for the crimes of Nero; the picture of him drawn in the play is wholly favourable. The portrayal of Seneca in Tacitus’ Annals is more complex and nuanced, and only seldom does the historian give his own views about Nero’s advisor. However, it would be wrong to suppose that Seneca is harshly criticised by Tacitus.
2

Tacitus and the Persecution of the Christians: An Invention of Tradition?

100%
VAN DER LANS B., BREMMER J. N.
Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina
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2017
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vol. 53
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issue 1-2
299-331
EN
Tacitus’ description of Nero’s punishment of Christians for the Great Fire of Rome in AD 64 has made a great impact on later understandings of Christian history. However, several questions have been raised concerning the accuracy of this account, and recently the historicity of a persecution of Christians under Nero has been denied altogether by Brent Shaw. This article discusses the most important objections and tries to achieve a better understanding of the events by combining an analysis of the narrative functions of this persecution in Tacitus with a new consideration of the earliest Christian reports. The article ends with an Appendix containing an updated analysis of the emergence of the name “Christian”.
3
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Truciciele na dworze cesarskim! O przypadkach otruć za panowania dynastii julijsko-klaudyjskiej

100%
Lampkowska P.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2010
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issue 1-2
221-234
PL
The article examines the phenomenon of poisoning at the imperial court during the reign of Julio-Claudian dynasty, contrasted with the state of affairs in the Republican period. Drawing on the source texts and the latest scientific hypotheses, the author discusses consecutive cases of Drusus, Germanicus and Claudius on the one hand, and the murderous deeds of emperor Nero on the other. This paper attempts to reopen investigation and establish a diagnosis against the background of that period.  
4
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Petronius Arbiter and His Codicil

84%
Łuć I.
Konteksty Społeczne
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2019
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vol. 7
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issue 2
EN
The aim of this article is analyzing the life and achievements of Petronius the Arbiter, who was a Roman aristocrat, writer and trusted member of the court of Nero, an emperor of Rome. In the last two centuries Petronius the Arbiter’s tragic, suicidal death has grown into a symbol and phenomenon of culture. However, there is a clear dissonance between what about Petronius Arbitrator appears in the historical evidences, and what about him himself - specially about his suicide - can be found in contemporary literature. Therefore, the intention of the author of this article is not only an attempt to verify the Petronius Arbiter’ biography - and in particular his path of career - but, once again, the analysis of the reasons that led him to commit suicide.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przybliżenie osoby Petroniusza Arbitra, rzymskiego arystokraty, pisarza i zaufanego członka dworu cesarza Nerona. Jego tragiczna, samobójcza śmierć na przestrzeni wieków urosła do rangi kulturowego symbolu. Istnieje jednak wyraźny dysonans między tym, co o Petroniuszu Arbitrze zdają się świadczyć nieliczne zachowane do naszych czasów teksty źródłowe, a tym, co na jego temat – nie mówiąc już o jego samobójczej śmierci – można znaleźć we współczesnej literaturze przedmiotu. Dlatego intencją autora niniejszego artykułu jest nie tylko próba zweryfikowania biografii Petroniusza Arbitra – a w tym zwłaszcza ustalenie etapów jego kariery – ale przeanalizowanie raz jeszcze rzeczywistych powodów, które mogły go skłonić do tak desperackiego aktu, jak odebranie sobie życia z własnej woli.
5
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Datowanie Apokalipsy w świetle głosów tradycji

71%
Jańczuk L.
Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny
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2018
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vol. 71
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issue 1
EN
Christian tradition has not been consistent with regards to the date of the Book of Revelation. According to ancient sources, the book was written under Claudius, Nero, Domitian, or Trajan. Among these four traditions, the strongest is that associated with Domitian. The first proponent of this view was Irenaeus. He was quoted by Eusebius, Victorinus, Jerome and several other Church Fathers, because they believed he was a disciple of a disciple of John the Apostle, the author of the Book of Revelation. Consequently, Irenaeus was commonly treated as the best source of information on this subject. This view was dominant among Biblical scholars until to the present day. Evidence for the earlier date under Nero is even older, but not as strong. This view was rejected by majority of Church Fathers. At the present time, only some scholars prefer the Neronic date.
PL
Głosy tradycji dotyczące daty Apokalipsy są niejednorodne. Według starożytnych źródeł księga ta została napisana za cesarza Klaudiusza, Nerona, Domicjana oraz Trajana. Wśród tych wskazań najsilniejsze wsparcie uzyskuje cesarz Domicjan. Pierwszym zwolennikiem takiego datowania był Ireneusz. Pogląd Ireneusza był cytowany przez Euzebiusza, Wiktoryna, Hieronima i kilku innych Ojców Kościoła, stał się poglądem dominującym ze względu na przekonanie, że Ireneusz był uczniem ucznia Jana Apostoła, autora Apokalipsy. W rezultacie Ireneusz był powszechnie traktowany jako najlepsze źródło informacji na ten temat. Ten pogląd dominuje wśród biblistów po dzień dzisiejszy. Świadectwa na rzecz powstania Apokalipsy w czasach Nerona są nawet starsze, ale nie mają tak silnego oparcia wśród autorytetów. Pogląd ten był odrzucany przez większość ojców Kościoła. Obecnie jedynie niektórzy bibliści opowiadają się za czasami Nerona, jako datą powstania tej księgi.
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