Search results

1

Obesity – is it really so bad for a patient with coronary heart disease?

100%

Pogorzelski S., Kuźma Ł., Struniawski K., Wróblewski D., Gajewska_Bachórzewska, H, Dobrzycki S.

Progress in Health Sciences

|

2018

|

vol. 8(2)

194-201

EN

According to American Obesity Medicine Association obesity is a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial, neurobehavioral disease, wherein an increase in body fat promotes adipose tissue dysfunction and abnormal fat mass physical forces, resulting in adverse metabolic, biomechanical, and psychosocial health consequences. Obesity has been renowned as a risk factor of cardiovascular, endocrinological, orthopedic and many other diseases. But for the last two decades, there have been many reports of beneficial influence of overweight or obesity on patients with coronary heart disease. This phenomenon got a name of obesity paradox. It’s existence is a matter of lively discussion in medical world, and even if true, the protecting mechanisms of obesity need much deeper understanding.

2

Body image of Spanish children and adolescents. Differences by diet and physical activity

88%

Inglés López M., Rodríguez Cabeo D.

Atena Journal of Sports Sciences

|

2020

|

vol. 2

5-5

EN

Objectives: The aim was to study the body image of Spanish children and adolescents, and the differences in body image according to the quality of diet and the physical activity performed by school children. Methods: A total of 1450 Spanish school children participated (719 boys and 727 girls), between 3 and 18 years of age (11.7 ± 2.5). The body image was measured with the Stunkard silhouettes. The quality of the diet was evaluated using the KIDMED questionnaire. Physical activity was assessed using the PACE questionnaire. Findings: Subjects who did enough physical activity and had a better quality diet had a better body image than those who did not perform physical activity and needed to improve their diet. These differences were significant (p<0.05) by level of physical activity, but not by quality of the diet. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the quality of the diet and a regular practice of physical activity could be determining factors of body image. It is recommended to carry out intervention programs to improve diet and physical activity and, in consequence, ameliorate the body image of Spanish children and adolescents.

3

Metaboliczna otyłość z prawidłową masą ciała i otyłość z prawidłowymi wskaźnikami metabolicznymi a ryzyko metaboliczno-naczyniowe

88%

Nowak M., Grzywa M.

Medical Review

|

2015

|

issue 3

270-278

PL

Otyłość jest czynnikiem ryzyka śmiertelności ogólnej, zgonów z przyczyn sercowo-naczyniowych i nowotworowych . Jest uznanym, niezależnym czynnikiem rozwoju miażdżycy naczyń. Ryzyko wystąpienia chorób somatycznych zwią- zanych z otyłością zależy nie tylko od stopnia otyłości, ale głównie od rozmieszczenia tkanki tłuszczowej. Kluczową rolę w rozwoju insulinooporności, nietolerancji glukozy, cukrzycy typu 2, nadciśnienia tętniczego oraz chorób układu sercowo naczyniowego odgrywa trzewna tkanka tłuszczowa. Przeprowadzone badania wskazały, że osoby otyłe nie są grupą jednorodną pod względem profiu metabolicznego, a BMI nie jest uniwersalnym wskaźnikiem otyłości. W latach 80. XX wieku Ruderman wyróżnił tzw. metaboliczną otyłość z prawidłową masą ciała, w której zwiększona ilość tkanki tłuszczowej trzewnej i podskórnej brzucha związana jest ze zwiększonym ryzykiem zaburzeń metabolicznych. Insulinooporność i hiperinsulinemia uznawane są za kluczowe zaburzenia w tej grupie osób. Wraz ze współistniejącymi zaburzeniami gospodarki węglowodanowej, lipidowej i podwyższonym ciśnieniem tętniczym wskazują na podwyższone ryzyko schorzeń układu sercowo-naczyniowego. Z kolei w populacji osób otyłych wyróżniono podgrupę osób metabolicznie zdrowych, u których akumulacja tkanki tłuszczowej nie prowadzi do rozwoju insulinooporności, zaburzeń gospodarki węglowodanowej i lipidowej oraz nadciśnienia tętniczego. Kilka z przeprowadzonych badań wskazało, że u osób otyłych prawidłowe wskaźniki metaboliczne mogą istotnie zmniejszać ryzyko chorobowe. Jednak w świetle obecnego stanu wiedzy otyłość z prawidłowymi wskaźnikami metabolicznymi nie jest w pełni bezpieczna.

EN

The obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular, cancer and general mortality. It is also an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. The incidence of obesity-related diseases depends not only on the degree of obesity but mainly on the fat tissue deposition. It is the visceral fat tissue that plays the major role in the development of insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The research showed that the population of obese people is not homogenous in terms of metabolic profie and that a BMI is not the universal obesity indicator. In the 80s Ruderman distinguished metabolic obesity with normal weight. It is defied as an increased amount of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat and is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are considered to be the fundamental disorders in this group. The coexistence of impaired carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and hypertension leads to a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The fat tissue deposition enabled also to identify the obese patients that are not at risk of insulin resistance, glucose or lipid metabolism disorders and hypertension (“metabolically healthy”). There are some studies that show the reduction of cardiovascular risk among obese patients with normal metabolic parameters. However, the current knowledge does not allow us to regard obesity with normal metabolic parameters as completely safe.

4

Research on obesity – time to think about the next agendas

75%

Touray M.

Progress in Health Sciences

|

2013

|

vol. 3

|

issue 2

40-52

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight a fundamental gap in the economic research on obesity - the demand for unnecessary weight gain preventive goods. Such research is important as it will provide understanding of people’s preventive behaviours and for that matter inform policies and practices with regards to influencing people’s uptake of obesity preventive goods. Materials and methods: Using MeSH and PICO approaches, a search strategy was developed to search for relevant articles in a number of academic and scientific journal repositories including PubMed Central, EconLit, Medline, Medscape and relevant (economic) journals’ archives. The search strategy combined terms/phrases to look for publications. Results: A total of 1351 potentially relevant articles (titles and abstracts) were reviewed. No publications could be found that concerned people’s preventive behaviours in terms of demand with respect to obesity preventive goods. Only one article which was not specific to obesity looked into people’s preventive behaviours using an economic model. Conclusions: Despite the huge economic and health burden of obesity, participations in activities deemed supportive to weight gain prevention are dismal. It must not therefore be assumed that there will be demand for all effective weight preventive goods/services. As a result of the complex nature of the condition, the demand for obesity preventive goods requires understanding of the complex factors which influence individual decisions. The behavioural economic perspective could help to increase understanding of the preferences of people as it examines how decisions are made by individuals in complex socio-economic and socio-cultural circumstances and financial constraints involving trade-offs.

5

Otyłość - ważny problem zdrowotny

75%

Nowicka G.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

|

2005

|

vol. 3

|

issue 1

91-99

EN

Obesity affecting more than 30% of adult population has been recognized as a major public health problem. Overweight and obesity generally are caused by unhealthy eating patterns and a lack of physical activity. Managing of obesity and overweight is of paramount importance because of well established relations between excess body mass and different diseases such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and some types of cancer. Guidelines for reducing the risk of obesity and obesity-related disorders by dietary changes, increased physical activity and other lifestyle practices have been prepared by healthcare professionalists. WHO prepared the draft of global strategy on diet, physical activity and health, which should be adopted and developed at regional and national levels. Appropriate public knowledge on relationship between diet, physical activity, obesity and health provides a base for prevention of obesity and obesity related disorders.

6

Neck circumference as a screening measure of overweight/obesity among Indian adults

63%

Mondal N., Sen J., Bose K., Timungpi R., Kathar M., Hanse S.

Anthropological Review

|

2016

|

vol. 79

|

issue 3

347-365

EN

Neck circumference (NC) is an anthropometric measurement of differentiating body fat distributions and a marker of upper subcutaneous adiposity. The present study highlights the association and importance of NC as a suitable proxy screening measure of overweight/obesity as compared to the conventional anthropometric variables used among Indian adults. The present community based cross-sectional study was undertaken among 1169 Karbi adults (males: 625; females: 544) residing in Karbi Anglong district of Assam, Northeast India, who were selected through a multistage stratified random sampling method. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and NC were recorded using standard procedures. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated and prevalence of overweight/obesity was assessed using standard cut-offs. The prevalence of obesity using BMI (≥25.00 kg m-2) was 15.52% and 15.26% among males and females, respectively (p≥0.05).The prevalence of obesity using NC was observed to be significantly higher among males (48.80%) than females (19.12%) (p<0.01). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that NC predicted obesity over the conventional anthropometric variables with reasonable accuracy (p<0.01). The ROC-AUC analysis showed a relatively greater significant association between BMI, WC and HC and NC for obesity (p<0.01). Thus, NC appears to be a potentially simple, easyto- use screening measure for predicting obesity among adults. Further studies are required to validate its use for screening of obesity among other ethnic populations in India.

Refine search results

2 Progress in Health Sciences

1 Anthropological Review

1 Atena Journal of Sports Sciences

1 Medical Review

1 Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

1 Bose K.

1 Dobrzycki S.

1 Gajewska_Bachórzewska, H

1 Grzywa M.

1 Hanse S.

1 Inglés López M.

1 Kathar M.

1 Kuźma Ł.

1 Mondal N.

1 Nowak M.

1 Nowicka G.

1 Pogorzelski S.

1 Rodríguez Cabeo D.

1 Sen J.

1 Struniawski K.

1 Timungpi R.

1 Touray M.

1 Wróblewski D.

1 2020

1 2019

1 2016

1 2015