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PL
By the end of the 10th century, the area of Opatów and Sandomierz was probably inhabited by a small tribe whose name has not been recorded in written sources. The establishment of a gord in Zawichost Podgórze before the end of the 9th century coupled with the emergence of a local cluster of pyre kurgan grave fields may be evidence of the arrival of new settlers from an area east of the Vistula. Inclusion of the Sandomierz area into the domain of the Wielkopolska Polans in the late 10th century resulted in disappearance of the existing tribal settlement structures which were replaced by new ones. This was related to the arrival to this area of individuals and groups representing the new Piast dynasty rule who came from other parts of the country or even from abroad. They included warriors from the ducal team, craftsmen, merchants as well as settlers relocated voluntarily or by force, possibly captives. As they represented different cultural traditions, their appearance has been well documented in archaeological sources. It also seems to be confirmed in toponymy. On top of the biggest number of Wielkopolska newcomers from the heart of the Piast dynasty domain, in the vicinity of Sandomierz and Opatów there could have also operated merchants related to the broadly defined Scandinavian and Russian culture as well as nomadic tribes, most probably Hungarians. The latter could have arrived as warriors, members of the ducal team, merchants or captives.
Raport
|
2020
|
vol. 15
325-346
EN
The part of Opatów situated on the northern side of the Opatówka river is called Żmigród. This is the area of the oldest early medieval settlement. It is the location of e.g.: a pagan place of the Slavic dragon deity (Żmij), a hillfort from the 11th-13th centuries and the first municipal commune. Archaeological research has confirmed the existence of an early-municipal settlement here before the end of the 13th century. In 2016, at the so-called Burgstall, which is a part of Żmigród, a car park covering an area of 35 acres was illegally constructed, destroying part of historic substance of the archaeological site. In 2020, monument preservation services managed to force the owner of the site to close down the car park and caused the further use of the Burgstall area as a square, in a way which would not pose a threat to the archaeological monument.
EN
The publication presents the selected works held in the library of the collegiate church in Opatów; it provides a great deal of information on the book collection from which only short catalogue cards have been known so far. The following paper, however, does not cover all the issues related to the above-mentioned collection concerning its contents, publishing houses, provenance notes or bindings, it is only a monograph article which can be used for further more detailed study, which this book collection deserves.Some volumes were described more thoroughly due to the uniqueness of the title, edition or binding. It was possible to identify the bibliographic data of some books thanks to the older catalogue: titles, publishing dates and publishing house. In the literature on the subject– the register of church book collections – the library of the collegiate church in Opatów has always been present. However,  more detailed information concerned only parish or deanery documents and archival material. The above-mentioned documentation has lately been described in a separate publication while parish registers are being gradually digitalized. The book collection of the collegiate church in Opatów contains manuscripts, incunabula, antique and new books as well as an extensive collection of religious magazines. The subjects the books from Opatów is typical of a church library. This is primarily the literature related to theology, apologetics, biblical studies, patristics and preaching sermons. There are fewer works on law, liberal arts and philosophy; and only several books on science.
PL
Publikacja prezentuje wybrane dzieła znajdujące się w bibliotece kolegiaty opatowskiej i jest próbą szerszego zaprezentowania księgozbioru znanego dotychczas jedynie z krótkich not katalogowych . Tym samym nie wyczerpuje zagadnienia zarówno pod względem treści zbioru, jak i oficyn wydawniczych, not proweniencyjnych czy opraw, ale jest przyczynkiem do dalszych, bardziej szczegółowych analiz, na które niewątpliwie ten księgozbiór zasługuje. Część woluminów została opisana bardziej szczegółowo ze względu na wyjątkowość tytułu, wydania lub oprawy. Dane bibliograficzne niektórych pozycji zostały zidentyfikowane w oparciu o starszy katalog - uzupełnione zostały tytuły, daty wydania i oficyny. W literaturze przedmiotu - spisach księgozbiorów kościelnych - biblioteka kolegiaty opatowskiej pojawiała się niemal zawsze, jednak wszelkie, bardziej szczegółowe informacje dotyczyły jedynie dokumentów lub archiwaliów parafialnych i dekanalnych. Zostały one ostatnio opracowane w osobnej publikacji , a metryki parafialne są stopniowo digitalizowane . Najobszerniejsze informacje o księgozbiorze opatowskim przedstawiono wydanym niedawno tomie poświęconym rękopisom w zbiorach kościelnych . Zostały one zebrane na podstawie ankiety przygotowanej przez autorkę niniejszego artykułu. Księgozbiór kolegiaty opatowskiej zawiera rękopisy, inkunabuły, starodruki oraz druki nowe. Posiada też ogromną kolekcję czasopism religijnych. Tematyka zbiorów opatowskich jest w zasadzie typowa dla biblioteki przykościelnej. Dominuje w niej literatura teologiczna, apologetyczna, biblistyczna, patrystyczna i kaznodziejska. Mniej liczne są pozycje z zakresu prawa, sztuk wyzwolonych i filozofii; tylko kilka egzemplarzy dotyczy nauk ścisłych.
EN
The excavations on the cemetery were conducted in the years 1938–2007. There was uncovered 1504 graves, 900 are of the Przeworsk culture and others from II–V period of the Bronze Age and Halsztadt C/D. The typical feature of the burial rite on this cemetery as well as others necropolises of the Górnośląsko-Małopolska Group of the Lusatian Culture is occurrence contemporaries crematory and skeletal burials side by side. The cremation graves dominated only 20% were skeleton burials. Most grave are connected with IV and V period of the Bronze Age only 15% are earlier (II and III period). The basic aim of the present study was to determine interrelations between the type of burial furnishings as well as sex and age of the buried individuals. One only can state that furnishings in grave were probably connected with social position of the dead. Possibly other rules were practiced in infants graves because part of them were richly equipped.
EN
The local topography in Opatów is represented by two characteristic buildings – the Romanesque Collegiate Church of St. Martin and the later Bernardine Monastery and Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In the article we analyse the place of the monastery in the local collective memory with regard to its complex relations with the collegiate church, drawing on various accounts (individual and institutionalised). We ask how the narratives focused on both these institutions make up a dynamic conglomeration of meanings, defining their mutual local symbolism. In addition, we demonstrate how this symbolic influence on the level of social practices extends to spheres like the perception of the local topography and functioning of a religious institution (parish) in the life of the local community.
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