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Turyzm
|
2016
|
vol. 26
|
issue 2
49-56
EN
Based on an anonymous on-line questionnaire survey, conducted among 1000 respondents, the authors present their demographic, socio-economic and spatial profile, their attitude to cannabis and the tourist trips they went on (scale, directions, destinations), involving cannabis consumption. Tourist trips of this kind were attractive to quite a large number of young people, mostly inhabiting large Polish cities, who usually had used and continued to use this drug. Trips inspired by cannabis were most often made to the nearby Czech Republic and Netherlands, as well as (less frequently) to Spain.
EN
This article examines the complex political interrelations between the USSR and Poland just before and during World War II. The innocent hostages of these interstate relations proved to be thousands of Polish citizens. With the beginning of World War II from the territory of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus, refugees were displaced to different regions of the Soviet Union and they were later settled there as temporary residents. Some of Poles found themselves in the North-West Caucasus where, as ordered by the Soviet government, they were settled in towns and rural settlements. As the archive documents attest, the local administrations created quite acceptable (given the wartime conditions) circumstances of life for the Polish arrivals. They had the opportunity of getting a job and their families were provided with food, fuel, clothes and footwear. With the end of the war, the Polish citizens received the opportunity to return to their home country at their own free will.
PL
W opracowaniu autor przedstawia sytuację polskich obywateli na niemieckim rynku pracy oraz w niemieckim systemie zabezpieczenia społecznego. Jest to analiza prawna i społeczna oparta na obiektywnych danych w zakresie omawianych spraw. Opracowanie stanowi istotny wkład w badaniach nad skutkami korzystania z prawa do swobodnego przemieszczania się pracowników polskich, czy szerzej obywateli polskich, do Niemiec. Jest bardzo ważnym źródłem wiedzy do oceny tej sytuacji, a także do dalszych badań w tym zakresie.
EN
In this paper the author presents the situation of Polish citizens on the German labour market and in the German social security system. It is a legal and social analysis based on objective data on these issues. The development is a very important contribution to the study of the effects of exercising the right of free movement of workers or in the wider Polish citizens to Germany. It is a very important source to assess the situation and to further research in this area.
EN
The State Archive of the Pavlodar Oblast contains a lot of materials concerning the fate of Polish citizens deported to Kazakhstan (more precisely - to the Pavlodar Oblast) in 1940–1941. On their basis, the author discusses the general situation of this group of people, starting from the moment of deportation until repatriation to Poland in 1946. The documents clearly show the difficult situation of the deported Poles: lack of decent housing, insufficient food or clothing, illnesses, arrests for bitter comments on address of the Soviet authorities, etc. The situation improved when a delegation of the Polish embassy was established in Pavlodar, but unfortunately, only for a short time.
PL
W Państwowym Archiwum Obwodu Pawłodarskiego znajduje się sporo materiałów dotyczących losów obywateli polskich deportowanych do Kazachstanu (ściślej – do obwodu pawłodarskiego) w latach 1940–1941. Na ich podstawie autorka omawia ogólnie sytuację tej grupy ludności, poczynając od momentu deportacji aż do repatriacji do Polski w 1946 r. Dokumenty wyraźnie ukazują trudne położenie deportowanych Polaków: brak godnych warunków mieszkaniowych, wystarczającej ilości pożywienia czy odzieży, choroby, aresztowania za gorzkie komentarze pod adresem sowieckich władz itp. Sytuacja uległa poprawie w momencie utworzenia w Pawłodarze delegatury polskiej ambasady, ale niestety, na krótko.
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