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EN
The Polish language keeps losing its position in comparison with other community languages. This is a result of new waves of immigrants arriving from China, Vietnam and Arabic countries. The article presents the current situation of Polish language in Australia referring first to the data gathered by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, then discussing factors that are crucial for language maintenance/shifting using the already existing models. The author divides the factors into ‘permanent’ and ‘dynamic,’ and then, in the second group he distinguishes between the factors that can or cannot be profiled. Such an approach reveals the areas where initiatives aimed at Polish language maintenance in Australia are most needed and can be the most effective.
EN
Within the framework of the „Włącz Polskę!” ( was carried out on how well-equipped school teachers were to carry out their work, „Turn on Poland!”) project, research and particularly on the evaluation of skills related to independent curricula preparation. Diagnosis of the situation and of the needs of emigration teachers, including those from the UK, was used in the process of preparation of materials and training for teachers. The data gathered show a high diversity of needs among emigrant schools and demonstrate, among other things, the necessity of supporting teachers in recognising students’ skills and in planning the teaching process. In the article I juxtapose teachers’ expectations with the current and planned programme offer of MEN (Ministry of Education) and ORPEG (Centre for the Development of Polish Education Abroad).
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest nauczaniu języka polskiego w USA przed 1939 r. Autorka przedstawia najstarsze podręczniki do nauki języka polskiego (elementarze i czytanki), omawia ich strukturę i cechy językowo-stylistyczne: dominujące kręgi tematyczne (nauka, rodzina, religia) i leksykalne, słownikowe i stylistyczne przejawy wychowania w duchu katolicko-patriotycznym (wartościowanie, dydaktyzm).
EN
The article is devoted to the history of teaching Polish language in the USA before 1939. The author presents the oldest Polish handbooks (primers and reading collections), discusses their structure, their language and stylistic qualities such as the dominant thematic fields (learning, family, religion) as well as the lexical, lexicographic and stylistic manifestations of education in the Catholic and patriotic spirit (axiology, didactic character).
EN
The following article is an attempt to analyse and portray the processes of grammatical adaptation and derivation that occur in the language of Polish emigration communities in Great Britain and Ireland. Internet forums (www.mojawyspa.co.uk, www.gazeta.ie), frequently used by Poles living in both countries, have become the source of linguistic data. The linguistic analysis is presented in a wider, socio-cultural perspective, that allows to perceive language of Poles living abroad as a reflection of extraordinariness of this community, as well as makes visible linguistic and cultural awareness of representatives of Polish diaspora in both countries.
PL
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PL
Autor porusza kilka aspektów ukraińskich polonistyk: problemy definicyjne – którą formę kształcenia języka polskiego można uznać za polonistykę, obecność ukraińskich polonistyk w polonistycznym życiu naukowym w Polsce i w świecie, poziom kształcenia językowego, kształcenie praktyczne przyszłych nauczycieli, koordynację działań poszczególnych ośrodków polonistycznych. Została też zaprezentowana koncepcja integracji polonistyk ze szkolnictwem polskim na Ukrainie. Koordynacja ta powinna przebiegać w pionie (uniwersytety/polonistyki/lektoraty – centra metodyczne/metodycy – szkoły/nauczyciele/uczniowie) oraz poziomie (polonistyki/lektoraty w danym kraju). Tezą artykułu jest, że całość powinna być skorelowana z polskim i ukraińskim systemem szkolnictwa. W końcowej części autor przedstawia sugestie działań poprawiających funkcjonowania polonistyk.
EN
The author discusses several aspects of Polish studies in Ukraine: problems of definition – which form of the education can be considered Polish studies, presence of Ukrainian Polish studies in the academic life in Poland and in the world, the quality of language education, practical training of the future teachers, coordination of the activities of various Polish centres. The article also presents the concept of the integration of Polish studies with Polish education in Ukraine. The thesis of the paper is that Polish language and cultural education should be correlated with the Polish and Ukrainian education systems and closely linked to the unified testing of student achievement. In the final part of the article the author discusses suggestions of actions to improve the functioning of Polish studies.
EN
According to unofficial data from the Polish Consulate in The Hague, there are currently around 30 Polish and Polonia’s schools in the Netherlands. The way they operate, both in legal and educational terms, are different. This article is an attempt to categorize them. In addition, this article characterizes the existing schools by dividing them into four categories – school consultation points linked with Polish diplomatic missions, schools associated in the Polish Schools’ Forum in the Netherlands, schools operating at parishes and non-affiliated ones. According to the Dutch Planning Office, there are currently 250,000 Poles in the Netherlands. The representatives of the Polish Consulate in The Hague estimate that there may be up to 40,000 children among people of Polish descent who live in the Netherlands. Only about 2,000 of them attend Polish and Polonia’s schools. This article is the beginning to understand why only 5% of children of Polish origin who live in the Netherlands attend schools that look after Polish language.
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