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EN
The aim of the study is to identify the macroeconomic implications of privatization in Poland and Russia. The author argues that institutional differences between the two coun-tries led to different consequences of privatization. In Poland, this process allowed the development of entrepreneurship and a significant decoupling of the economy from politi¬cal decisions. In contrast, the transformation in Russia has strengthened the role of the oli-garchs, which in turn led to the strengthening of the relationship between the economy and politics. Long-term consequences of this process are: the monopolization of the Russian economy, dependence on the mining sector and a low potential for innovation.
XX
Przedstawiono definicje sektora publicznego w gospodarce, sektora budżetowego, sektora finansów publicznych. Omówiono tendencje obniżania udziału sektora publicznego w gospodarce kraju, przekształcenia własnościowe przedsiębiorstw państwowych. Zaprezentowano informacje o zasięgu - udziale sektora publicznego w liczbie pracujących w poszczególnych sekcjach PKD oraz w poszczególnych działach w przemyśle według stanu na koniec 2002 r.
EN
In the conditions of Polish transformation did not achieve close opinions regarding the role of public sector in economic and social sphere. The first part of the article characterises basic tasks of public sector and necessity to defined its precisely. Tendencies of changes of share of public sector was presented for 1990-2003 by legal status (state--owned entities, self-government entities and combined entities with superiority of possessions of public sector) applying four activity measures (number of working persons, gross added value, investment outlays and fixed assets). More detailed presentation concerns tendencies restricting of meaning of state sector, progress and results of process of state-owned enterprises privatisation. Diversification of share of public sector if economy and its concentration as employer in the country was presented by grouping if 16 sections, and in the industry - by 29 units of the Polish Classification of Activity. (original abstract)
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